GE 104

Willer Jay Bersaba II

BSME-1A

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 1: Use inductive reasoning to predict the next number in each of the following
lists.

A. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25,?

B. 2, 5, 10, 17, 26,?

Solution.

A. Each successive number is 5 larger than the proceeding number. Thus we predict that the next
number in the list is 5 larger than 25, which is 30.
B. The first two number differ by 3. The second and the third number differ by 5. It appears that
the difference between any two number is odd numbers 3 and above the preceding differences.
Since 17 and 26 differ by 9, we predict that the next number in the list will be 11 larger than 26,
Which is 37.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 2: Consider the following procedure: Pick the number. Multiply the number by
9, add 15 to the product, divide the sum by 3, and subtract 5.

Solution.

Suppose we pick 1 as our original number. Then the procedure would produce the following result:

Original number: 1

Multiply by 9: 1x9=9

Add 15: 9 + 15 = 24

Divide by 3: 24 ÷ 3 = 8

Subtract 5: 8-5=3

We started at 1 and followed the procedure to produce 3. Starting with 7 as our original number
produces a final result of 21. Start with 9 produce a final result of 27. In each of these cases the resulting
number is three times the original number. We conjecture the following the given procedure produce a
number that is three times the original number.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 3: A tsunami is a sea wave produce by an underwater earthquake. The heigh of
a tsunami as it approaches land depends on the velocity of the tsunami. Use the table below

A. What happen to the height of a tsunami when velocity is double?

B. What should be the height of a tsunami if its velocity is 30 feet per second?

Solution:
 A. In the table if the velocity of the tsunami is 6 feet per second the height of the tsunami is 4 feet.
If the velocity of the tsunami is 12 feet per second the height of the tsunami is 16 feet. Thus we
conjecture that if the velocity of the tsunami is double the height of the tsunami increases by 4
times.
B. In the table, if the velocity of the tsunami get doubled the height of the tsunami increased by 4.
If the velocity is 15 feet per second the height would be 25 feet. Its appears that if the tsunami
velocity is 30 feet per second the height of the tsunami would be 100 feet.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 4: Find counter example

Verify that each of the following statement is a false statement by finding a counter example. For all
number x.

x x+3
A. =1 B. = x+1 C. √ x 2+16 = x + 4
x 3
Solution

0
A. Let x=0. Then we have =0 since it is not equal to 1, we found a counter example. Thus “For
0
x
all number x, =1 ” is a false statement.
x
6+3 9
B. Let x=6. Then = =3 and 6 + 1 = 7. Since 3 is not equal to 7, we found a counter example.
3 3
x+3
Thus “ For all number x, = x+1” is a false statement.
3
C. Consider x=3, then √ 32 +16= √ 25=5 and 3+4=7. Since 5 is not equal to 7, we found a counter
example. Thus “For all number x, . √ x 2+16 = x + 4” is a false statement.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 5: Use the deductive reasoning to show that the following procedure produce a
number that is three times the original number.

Procedure: Pick a number. Multiply the number by 6, add 10 to the product, divide the sum by 2, and
subtract 2

Solution:

Let n represent the original number

Multiply the number by 6 n x 6 = 6n

Add 10 to the product 6n + 10

6 n+10
Divide the sum by 2 =3 n+5
2
Subtract 2 3n + 5 – 2 = 3n + 3

We started with n and ended with 3n + 3. The procedure given in this example produces a number that
is three times the original number
ANSWER: 0/ZERO

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 6: Determine whether each of the following arguments is an example of
inductive reasoning or deductive reasoning.

A. All Gillian Flynn novel are worth reading. The novel Gone Girl is a Gillian Flynn novel. Thus Gone
Girl is worth reading.
B. I know I will win the jackpot on the slot machine in the next tries, because it has not paid out
any money during the last 45 tries.

Solution:

A. The statement is an example of deductive reasoning because the statement reaches a

conclusion by applying general assumptions.
B. It is an example of inductive reasoning because the statement reaches a conclusion based on
specific example

1 3
2 2 3 1

3 1 3 1 2
2

1 3 2 1 2 3

2 1 4 3 1 2 4 3

1 3 2 4 3 1 2 4

3 4 1 2 3 1
2 4

4 2 3 1 4 3 1 2

2 5 1 4 3 3 4 1 5 2

4 1 2 3 5 5 3 4 2 1

3 2 5 1 4 4 5 2 1 3

1 4 5 2 2 1 3 4 5
3

5 4 3 2 1 1 2 5 3 4