Module 4: Activity No.

2
Heat Transfer Fluid-to-Fluid Exercises Problem

Name: Alves, John Mark S.

Student No. 20180148236
Problem:
A boiler tube (OD = 3.5 in., ID = 2.7 in) contains water at 1250 psia (t sat = 572 0F). The
water film coefficient is hi = 2000 Btu/hr.ft2.0F when the heat flux is 52000 Btu/hr.ft2 of the
outside tube surface. Determine: (a) the outside tube temperature, (b) the permissible
thickness of boiler scale if the metallic temperature is not to exceed 925 deg F. Thermal
conductivities are: steel, k = 310 and for scale k = 3.5 Btu-in/hr.ft2.0F.
a: b: Boiler scale
r2
Thin Film r2
r1 r1
T1 T1
r
Q Thin Film Q
T2 T2

Solution:
a) 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 =?
𝑟
1 𝐴𝑜 𝐴𝑜 ∙ ln (𝑟2 )
1
𝑄 = 𝐴𝑜 𝑈𝑜 (𝑇𝑖 − 𝑇𝑜 ); = +
𝑈𝑜 ℎ1 𝐴𝑖 2𝜋𝑘𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝐿
3.5
1 2𝜋(1.75)𝐿 2𝜋 (1.75)𝐿 𝑥 ln (2.7) ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉
= + = 3.5781 𝑥 10−3
𝑈𝑜 (2000 𝐵𝑇𝑈 𝐵𝑇𝑈 − 𝑖𝑛 𝐵𝑇𝑈
) 2𝜋(1.35)𝐿 2𝜋 (310 )
ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉ ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉
𝐵𝑇𝑈
𝑈𝑜 = 473.23
ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉
𝐵𝑇𝑈 𝐵𝑇𝑈
52000 = (473.23 ) (572 − 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 )℉
ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉

𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 462.11 ℉
b) 𝑄 = 𝐴𝑜 𝑈𝑜 (𝑇𝑖 − 𝑇𝑜 )
𝑟 𝑟
1 𝐴𝑜 𝐴𝑜 ∙ ln (𝑟2 ) 𝐴𝑜 ∙ ln (𝑟2 )
1 1
= + +
𝑈𝑜 ℎ1 𝐴𝑖 2𝜋𝑘𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝐿 2𝜋𝑘𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝐿
2.7 𝑖𝑛 3.5
1 1.75 𝑖𝑛 1.75 𝑖𝑛 𝑥 ln ( 𝑟 ) 1.75 𝑥 ln (2.7)
= + +
𝑈𝑜 2000 𝐵𝑇𝑈 1.75 𝑖𝑛 𝐵𝑇𝑈 − 𝑖𝑛
(1.35 𝑖𝑛) 310
ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉ ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉
7 𝐵𝑇𝑈 1.35 𝑖𝑛 𝐵𝑇𝑈
2
+ ln ( ) + 1.4650𝑥10−3
10 800 ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 ∙ ℉ 𝑟 ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉
𝐵𝑇𝑈 (925 − 572)℉
52000 =
ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 7 𝐵𝑇𝑈 1.35 𝑖𝑛 −3 𝐵𝑇𝑈
10 800 ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉ + ln ( 𝑟 ) + 1.4650𝑥10 ℎ𝑟 ∙ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∙ ℉
𝑟 = 1.34 𝑖𝑛