EXPLANATION TEXT

Explanation Text beserta Soal dan Jawaban: Geyser

Soal Ujian Nasional SMA/MA 2013

The following text is for questions 1 to 4

A geyser is the result of underground water under the combined conditions of high temperatures
and increased pressure beneath the surface of the earth. Since temperature rises approximately 1
F for every sixty feet under the earth's surface, and pressure increases with depth, the water that
seeps down in crack and fissures until it reaches very hot rock in the earth interior becomes
heated to temperature in excess of 290 F. Because of the greater pressure, the water shoots out of
the surface in the form of steam and hot water. The result is a geyser. In order to function, then a
geyser must have a source of heat, reservoir where water can be stored until the temperature rises
to an unstable point, an opening through which the hot water and steam can escape, and
underground channels for resupplying water after an eruption.

Favorable conditions for geyser exist in some regions of the world including New Zealand,
Iceland, and the Yellowstone National Park area of the United States. The most famous geyser in
the world is Old Faithfull in Yellow Park. Old Faithfull erupts almost every hour, rising to a
height of 125 to 170 feet and expelling more than ten thousand gallons during each eruption.

1. How geyser is produced?

A. By the rise of temperature pressure functioning hot steam.
B. From a huge tension of heated water that coming out from the earth crack.
C. From the heated temperature in earth crack that absorbing water.
D. From the temperature and absorbed water that occurs on earth surface.
E. By the hot water and temperature of hot rock that occurs on earth surface.
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2. Steam and hot water shoot out of the surface because of ....
A. hot rock and water
B. temperature and pressure
C. greater pressure 
D. high temperature and increased pressure
E. underground temperature and increased pressure
3. Reservoir where the water can be stored will be after eruption and resupplying again .....
A. hot
B. narrow
C. open 
D. empty
E. unstable

4. "... and expelling more than ten thousand gallons during each eruption." (Paragraph 2)
The underlined word is closest in meaning to ....
A. heating
B. melting
C. wasting
D. supplying
E. discharging

5. The government has just published a report which suggest that television is partly responsible
for the serious increase in crime over the last ten years. The exposure of violence or pornography
harmfully effects on children.

Many people who are alive today know what it is like to live in a world without television.
Television as we know is only about forty years old. Yet it is so much a part of our lives that it
seems as if it had always existed.

Some people think that the years before the invention of television were a better time. They
claim that families talked more and did more things together. More books were read. People used
their imaginations more fully. People got more outdoor exercises.

But others disagree.They claim that television is a powerful educational tool. It informs us of
what is going on in the world, from a famine in Africa to a local politics and fashion. It helps us
understand how people live, work, and struggle.

In 1961, Newton Minow, a government official, called prime-time schedules “ a vast wasteland.”
Television is credited with being a great teacher, but it is also blamed for the poor reading and
writing skills of our population. Television gets praised for helping us understand the people of
the world. But it has been accused of helping to destroy family life. Television keeps us informed
about the political issues of the day.

Experts will probably continue to argue about television’s value. But everyone agrees that it is
one of the most significant inventions of the twentieth century.

1. The writer wants to tell …..

A. The development of television
B. The advantages of television program
C. How television destroys people’s life
D. How television improves people’s knowledge
E. The influence of television on people’s daily life