MODULE 1

LABORATORY ORIENTATION ON SAFETY HAZARDS, USE OF

EQUIPMENT AND LABORATORY RULES

The word “science” comes from the word scire which means ‘to know’. The goal of all sciences is
knowledge. Scientists are men and women who devote their lives to the pursuit of knowledge. One of its
fields is organic chemistry. It is an exciting branch of science because each day in the laboratory, each student
is given the opportunity to do what scientists do and have the pleasure of understanding it. One should observe
and work hard to solve scientific secrets.
This section highlights some of the most fundamental procedures and techniques in chemistry.
General and specific precautions must be to be observed while working in the laboratory to ensure safety and
avoid accidents in the laboratory.

After the end of the module, you should be able to:

1. Categorize the safety hazards and laboratory rules and can enumerate the different
equipment used in the laboratory.
2. Maintain an appropriate scientific notebook with MSDS information on relevant
chemical reagents.
3. Engage safe laboratory practices in handling laboratory glassware, equipment, and
chemical reagents.
4. Awareness on the placement of laboratory safety equipment.

TIME FRAME: 2 hours

II. ACQUISITION OF NEW KNOWLEDGE

GENERAL RULES FOR LABORATORY CONDUCT
1. Wear the prescribed laboratory gowns at all times in the laboratory and must be worn at all times
when performing laboratory work. Long hair of female students must be tied so as to avoid any
further accidents.
2. Perform proper laboratory procedures based on the experiment. Do not perform experiment
without permission from the teacher.
3. Any loss of equipment or apparatus should be reported to the instructor as soon as possible.
4. Disposal of solid wastes should be done in garbage pails.
5. Covers of stock reagents should not be interchanged.
6. Extreme care should be taken when volatile or flammable liquids are used in an activity. Open
flames should be avoided in the presence of flammable fumes.
7. At the end of laboratory work, the tables must be left clean and dry, chairs are arranged and
garbage are properly disposed.

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8. Water and gas outlets should be properly closed before leaving the laboratory. Turn off electrical
switches and unplug electrical connection.
9. Eating inside the laboratory is strictly prohibited.
10. Use of convenience outlets is strictly prohibited for non-laboratory related activity.
11. In the case of off campus laboratory classes, reservation of equipment/apparatus at least 3 days
before the activity period and the teacher will be the one to process for the gate pass requirements.
(Forms are available in the stockroom.)
12. Signing of clearance will be one week before the final exam period.
13. Silence must be observed at all times. Any form of misbehavior will not be tolerated.
14. Students are not allowed to enter in the laboratory unless the teacher is present or they have
permission from the college dean.
15. Report all cases of accidents at once at your instructor.
16. In case of project assembly and disassembly, only a maximum of three groups will be allowed to
use the laboratory room with the presence of the Laboratory In-charge and a permit from the Dean
and the professor.
17. Make up laboratory classes are strictly prohibited unless the teacher is present or a letter of
permission to perform the activity signed by the Dean/Program Coordinator.
18. At the beginning of the semester, students are required to bring their own supplies such as matches,
detergent soaps, alcohol, labeling tapes, pentel pen, tissue papers and amber bottles. These should
be placed in a suitable paper bag and properly labeled with the group number, teacher and
laboratory schedule.

SAFETY RULES IN CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

1. Only experiments approved by the instructors must be performed. Perform proper laboratory
procedures based on the experiment.
2. Disposal of wastes should be done in designated waste bins. Never flush liquid waste down the
sinks. Instead, dispose them in inorganic organic waste bottles.
3. Clean up broken glassware and place in special containers as provided by stockroom. Never
dispose broken glass directly on waste bins.
4. Wear safety goggles to protect the eyes from being permanently damaged by spilled chemicals and
flying broken glasses.
5. Use hot plates for heating flammable liquids.
6. Do not smell chemicals directly. Fan the air above the flask containing the chemicals towards your
nose, and sniff cautiously if you need to smell a substance.
7. Do not apply force to any glass apparatus. Many serious cuts are caused by sudden fracture of glass
under pressure. Remember to lubricate and twist slowly to insert a thermometer or glass tube
through a hole in a stopper.
8. Take special care when handling concentrated acids.
9. Always add acid into water, never the reverse. Properly label test tubes and containers used in the
experiment.
10. Wear the prescribed laboratory gown, hair net and flat shoes. Long hair of female students must be
tied into a bun so as to avoid any further accidents.
11. Familiarize yourselves with the location of the safety and emergency devices such as first aid
equipment, fire extinguishers, fire exits and safety showers inside the laboratory.
12. Extreme care should be taken when volatile or flammable liquids are used in the activity. Open
flames should be avoided in the presence of flammable fumes.
13. Corrosive substances spilled on skin must be washed off promptly with plenty of water. Clothes
spilled with chemicals must be removed immediately.
14. Experiments that use toxic and corrosive reagents as well as those that produce undesirable gases
must be performed under the fume hood.

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 As with many activities in daily life, working in the organic chemistry laboratory poses some hazards
that you must recognize. Many of the chemicals used can be toxic if not used correctly. Also, many
substances you will use are flammable and must be kept away from sources of heat that could cause them
to ignite and start a fire. You must always consult the MSDS-Material safety data sheet forms for the
chemicals you will use so that you will know their toxic and flammability properties. You can find the
MSDS data on the internet by typing the chemicals name. If you have questions about the experiment you
are performing or the chemicals you are using, please check with your instructor before you begin your
work. When you are done with the experiment, the chemicals you have should be discarded as hazardous
waste or reclaimed material and placed in the proper containers.

REQUISITION OF CHEMICALS/SUPPLIES AND BORROWING OF

APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT
For the students
1. Students should request for the glass wares and heating accessories before the conduct of experiments.
They should fill up completely and legibly the requisition form and the group leader or any member of
the group should sign after receiving all the items borrowed and leave their ID’s to the lab in-
charge/GIA’s.
2. The responsibility of the laboratory personnel ceases after the apparatus are received by the students.
Any complaint after will not be entertained.
3. Students are only allowed to consume up to the amount of disposable supplies and chemicals required
in the experiment. Any amounts in excess of those specified in the manual will be charged to the
requesting group.
4. Students should return borrowed apparatus ten (10) minutes before the end of the laboratory period
clean and dry. Apparatus not returned on the time should be renewed. A fine of Php 5.00 per day per
item borrowed shall be imposed.
5. Students must secure an approval from the Director of Laboratories for the apparatus/equipment when
used outside of official laboratory premises.
6. The stock room ceases lending equipment and apparatus one (1) week before examination. A faculty
member who wishes to request for an extension for any reason must secure the permission of their
Department Head and NatSci-Math Program Coordinator. The requesting group will be held
responsible for any losses or damages incurred with the borrowed items.
7. Non-NDMU faculty/students/researchers may be allowed to borrow equipment/apparatus with the
approval of the NatSci-Math program Coordinator. Conduct of experiments may be held within the
laboratories under the supervision of student’s adviser. The school reserves the right to refuse
permission for the conduct of certain experiments. Standard laboratory fees will be charged for the
used of equipment and chemicals.
8. Students are required to fill up completely and legibly the student requisition form using black or blue
ball pen to enable them to borrow the needed set of materials and equipment.
9. Always show courtesy while borrowing.

RETURNING OF APPARATUS USED AND BREAKAGES

1. The group leader takes charge of returning the equipment. The laboratory personnel/student assistants
inspect each item to find out whether the returned equipment are still in good condition.
2. Laboratory staff should be notified immediately if there is any broken or loss of apparatus.

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 3. Expendable materials such as capillary tubes, filter paper, distilled water and others are charged to the
student.
4. In case of breakages, the whole group should pay for it. Replacement of the broken apparatus is
discouraged. Charging of the payment of the breakages or loss is made every end of the semester. Price
list of the apparatus is available in the stockroom.
5. All payments for the breakages or equipment lost should be done in the Business Office.
6. Stealing of apparatus is subject to punishment depending on the gravity of the offense committed.

BASIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUE AND OPERATION

USING THE BUNSEN BURNER
The Bunsen burner is a heating apparatus available in a general chemistry laboratory. Although
burners differ in appearance and construction, they have features in common such as:
1. Gas adjustment knob – by rotating this knob clockwise or counter clockwise, the amount of gas,
consequently the size of the flame will increase or decrease.
2. Air holes – by increasing the opening of the holes, more air is mixed with the gas. Combustion
becomes more efficient and therefore the color of the flame becomes bluer.
In starting to operate a Bunsen burner, make sure the gas outlet, the gas adjustment knob, and the air
holes are closed. Open the gas valve first before opening the gas adjustment knob halfway. Ignition can
be done using matches or lighters. Adjust the size of the flame by rotating the gas adjustment knob.
Then open the air holes to the desired blue flame.
USING THE TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE
The triple beam balance is a weighing instrument used in general chemistry laboratory.
The minimum weight that can be determined by the balance is 0.1 g. When using the triple beam
balance, remember to:

1. Determine if the balance is properly adjusted or zeroed;

2. Use a weighing paper or preferably, a weighing glass, in weighing solids;
3. Move the riders such the pointers at 0 on the scale; and
4. Sum up the masses down the beams when the pointer is zeroed. The mass of the object is equal to
the masses shown on the beams minus the pre-measured mass of the paper or container.
HANDLING SOLID REAGENTS

Chemical reagents used in the laboratory may be in solid form. In order to

prevent contamination of the reagents, remember the following:
1. Take only the amount of solids needed. Do not return unused solids to the reagent bottle because
they may cause contamination.
2. When taking solids samples, use a spoon/spatula that is specific for that reagents.
3. When transferring solids to a test tube, use a piece of creased paper to prevent spillage.
4. Also, when transferring solid form a bottle to a wide-mouth container like a beaker, slowly rotate
the reagent bottle until the solid slowly drop into the beaker.
Besides solid reagents, chemicals used in a general chemistry laboratory can also be in the liquid
state. To prevent contamination, remember the following:

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 1. Never set the stopper of the liquid container directly on the bench.
2. Do not return unused liquid reagents into the reagent bottle.
3. When taking liquids, do not put a pipet inside the reagent bottle. Instead put the approximate
amount needed in a beaker and then measure the amount needed.
4. When pouring liquid into a large-mouth container, use a glass-stirring rod to avoid splattering.

LIQUID MEASUREMENTS
One method of taking liquid measurements in a general chemistry laboratory is by using
graduated cylinders designed to measure the volume of liquids they are holding. In this glassware, the
surface of the liquid is slightly curved. The curved surface is called the meniscus. In reading the
volume, read the liquid at eye level.
Take the reading at the lower meniscus if it is a clear liquid and the upper meniscus if it is a
dark-colored liquid.

FILTRATION TECHNIQUES
A most common way of physical separation technique used in general chemistry laboratory is
gravity filtration. The sample to be separated is slowly poured down a stirring rod into a folded filter
paper, making sure that none of the mixture rises above the edge of the filter paper. After all the mixtures have
been poured into the filter paper, use a wash bottle to rinse out any solid that remains in the container.
The filter paper is folded twice equally. One side of the filter paper is torn off before fitting it into funnel.
Wet the filter paper with the solvent used to make the paper stick in place.
*Note: see the power point presentation attached with this module.

Laboratory Techniques

Lab Safety
1
Figure 1. Transfer of a liquid.

COMMON LABORATORY TECHNIQUES AND APPARATUS

I. COMMON LABORATORY TECHNIQUES

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 The Common Laboratory Techniques describe procedures for safety conducting an
experiment. Be sure to read each technique carefully before the laboratory session for completing a
safe and successful experiment.

A. Handling Liquid Chemicals

1. Opening a Reagent Bottle.

Grasp the reagent bottle with one hand and using the other hand, hold the glass
stopper between fingers and lift (Fig.A.1a). Never lay the stopper from a reagent bottle on the
laboratory bench. Impurities may be picked up and thus contaminate the solution when the
stopper is returned to the reagent bottle. Flat top glass stopper should be laid upside down on
the laboratory bench.

Fig.A.1. Removing a glass stopper from a reagent bottle.

2. Transferring Liquids to Another Container.

To transfer a liquid from one container to another, hold a stirring rod against the lip of
the container holding the liquid and pour it down the rod which should touch the inside wall of
the receiving vessel (Fig.A.2). Try not to transfer more reagent than is needed, and do not
return unused chemicals to the reagent bottle.

Fig.A.2. Transferring a liquid from a reagent bottle

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3. Reading the Volume of a Liquid
For exacting the measurements of liquids in graduated cylinders, pipettes, burettes,
and volumetric flask, the solution’s volume is read at the bottom of the meniscus. Read with
the eye horizontal to the liquid’s surface (Fig.A.3). A clear or transparent liquid is read more
easily by positioning the top edge of a black mark (made on a white card) just below the level
portion of the liquid. The black background reflects off the bottom of the lower meniscus and
better defines the liquid’s level. Substituting a finger for the black mark on the white card will
work, but it is not as effective.

Fig. A.3. Reading the volume of the liquid.

4. Testing for the Odor and Taste of Chemicals
Chemicals should not be tasted nor tested for odor unless specially directed to do so.
Working with toxic vapors must be done in a ventilating hood. To test the odor of a
substance, waft a bit of vapor towards the nose as shown in Fig A.4. Do not inhale the vapor
directly from the test tube. Never hold your face directly over vapors!

Fig.A.4. Testing for odors.

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5. Heating Liquids
a. Test tube. The test tube should be no more than one-third full. Move the test tube
circularly in and out of the flame, heating the liquid from the top to bottom. Never fix
the flame’s position at the base of the test tube. Never point the test tube to anyone as
sudden ebullition (a sudden violent outburst of the liquid) may take place. See Fig.
A.5a

Fig. A.5a. Heating liquid in a test tube.

Warning:

Remember not to point the hot or heated test tube toward yourself
or anyone else.
b. Erlenmeyer Flask. An Erlenmeyer flask less than one-fourth full may be heated directly
over a flame. Hold it with a piece of tightly folded paper or flask tongs laboratory
bench; allow to cool by setting the flask on a wire gauze. See Fig. A.5b.

Fig. A.5b. Heating liquid in an Erlenmeyer Flask.

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 c. Beaker (or flask). Support the beaker (or flask) on wire gauze. To avoid bumping
(sudden formation of superheated liquid near the flame), place a glass stirring rod (or
use boiling chops) in the beaker. Position the flame directly under the tip of the stirring
rod (Fig.A.5c). Place a second supporting ring around the top of the beaker (or flask)
to prevent it from being accidentally knocked off.
d. In hot water Bath. This is used to heat a small quantity of solution in a test tube that
needs to be held at a constant temperature over period of time (Fig. A.5d). if the
solution is to be heated in a beaker or Erlenmeyer flask, use a larger as water bath
filled to about ¼ -full, and heat to the desired temperature.

Fig. A.5c.Heating liquid in a Fig. A.5d. Heating liquid in a Beaker.

Hot water bath.

6. Evaporation of liquids
a. Nonflammable liquids may be evaporated in an evaporating dish with a gentle, direct
flame (Fig. A.6.a) or over a steam bath (Fig. A.6.b), which is more efficient rather than
rapid boiling. Avoid inhaling the vapours.
b. Flammable liquids may be similarity evaporated substituting a heating mantle for the
Bunsen flame. The use of fume hood or an improvised hood is suggested if large amounts
are evaporated in a laboratory with inadequate ventilation; consult with your laboratory
instructor.

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 Fig.A.6.a. Evaporation of nonflammable Fig.A.6.b. Evaporation of non- liquid over a
low, direct flame. flammable liquid over a steam bath.

B. Handling Solid Chemicals

Transferring a Solid Reagent
First, read the label on the bottle twice to be sure of using the correct reagent. If
the bottle has a glass stopper, place it with the topside down on the bench (Fig. B.1). If it has
a screw cap, remove and set it on the bench, inner inside facing up.

Hold the bottle with the label against your hand, tilt, and roll rock and forth. Try
not to dispense more reagent than needed. Do not insert a spatula or other object into the
bottle unless your O specifically tells you to. If too much reagent is taken, do not return
excess to the bottle but rather share it with other students. Recap when finished.

Fig. B.1. Transferring solid reagent.

C. Handling Precipitates

Decantation. A liquid can be decanted (poured off the top) from a solid if the solid clearly separates
from the liquid in a reasonably short period of time. Allow the solid to settle to the bottom of the
beaker or test tube. If beaker is used, it may be tilted to allow the solid to settle at the side below the
spout of beaker then transfer the liquid (called the (supernatant or decantate) with the aid of a
clean stirring rod to a receiving vessel (Fig. C.1). Do this slowly so as not to disturb the solid.

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 Fig. C.1. Decantation

Centrifugation. A centrifuge (Fig. C.2a) spins at velocities of 5,000 to 25,000 revolutions per minute.
A liquid-solid mixture in a small test tube or centrifuge tube is placed into the sleeve of the rotor of
the centrifuge. By centrifugal force, the solid is forced to the bottom of the test tube or centrifuge
tube and compacted. The clear liquid, called the supernatant, is then easily decanted without any
loss of the solid. The following precautions are observed in operating a centrifuge:

a) Never fill the centrifuge tubes to a height more than 1 cm from the top.

b) Label the centrifuge tubes avoid confusion.

c) Always operate the centrifuge with even number of centrifuge tubes containing equal
volumes of liquid placed opposite one another in the centrifuge. This balances the
centrifuge and eliminates excessive vibration and wear. If only one tube needs to be
centrifuged, then balance the centrifuge with a tube containing the same volume of solvent
(Fig. C.2b).

d) Never attempt to manually stop centrifuge, let the rotor come to rest on its own.

Fig. C.2a. Centrifuge Fig. C.2b. Centrifugation

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Gravity Filtration. Gravity filtration has the advantage that it is simple and economical. It is most
effective when the amount of solid is to be isolated is small. If a large amount of solid or a gelatinous
solid is to be isolated, this method is not used because the filter paper may becomed clogged. In
this case, vacuum filtration is most suitable.

1. General Procedures for Filtration

a. Allow the precipitate to settle to the bottom of the container.

b.Wet the filter paper with a small amount of water or a liquid in which the precipitate is insoluble.

c. Decant (pour off) the bulk of the solution into the funnel using a stirring rod. This step ensures
the filtration will not be slowed by the precipitate clogging the filter paper prematurely since most
of the solution will have already filtered through.

d. Mix the precipitate with the remaining solution and dump the resulting precipitate slurry into
the funnel. Simultaneously, spray a stream of solution from a wash bottle to rinse out any slurry
adhering to the walls of the container. (See Fig C.1.) Remember: the liquid or solution used for
washing the precipitate must be one in which the precipitate is insoluble.

Fig. C.1. Transferring a precipitate

• Wet a rubber policeman or glass rod with wash liquid and use it to help transfer any
precipitate still clinging to the container walls.
• Use was bottle to rinse out whatever precipitate remains.
• Typically 5- to 10 mL of a wash solution are drawn through the funnel to wash the
precipitate. This may be repeated several times to ensure that only pure precipitate
remains.
• Allow air to be drawn through the filter paper several minutes to dry the precipitate
partially.

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 e. Usually precipitates are washed or rinsed to remove impurities, unless the filtrate is the desired
component.

f. Lift a corner of the filter paper with a spatula and then use the corner to pry up the rest of the
kilter paper. Carefully transfer the filter paper and precipitate to a previously weighed watch
glass. Allow the precipitate to air dry, or oven dry (if melting point is above 70⁰C).

2. Folding a Filter Paper

Fold the filter paper in half (Fig. C.2). then refold to within about 10⁰ of a 90⁰ fold, tear off the
corner unequally, and open. The tear enables a close seal to be made across the paper’s folded
portion when placed in a funnel.

Fig. C.2 technique in folding a filter paper

D. Inserting a Glass Tubing into a Stopper

To insert glass tubing (including thermometers, long-stemmed funnels, thistle tubes, etc.)
through a rubber stopper, first lubricate the tube and stopper with water or glycerol. Hold the
tubing with a cloth near the end to be inserted, and push with a twisting motion. (If you twist a
long-stemmed funnel or thistle tube by the large end, it is easily broken.)

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 Fig. D Inserting a glass tube into a stopper.

E. Operating the Bunsen burner

The Bunsen burner, used for most laboratory heating, produces a cone-shaped flame, as
illustrated in Figure E. Ordinary beakers, crucibles, and other objects to be heated are placed just
above the hottest portion of the flame. This allows most heat to spread about them. Do not place
in the cold inner cone of the flame, which consists of unburned gas. For maximum temperature,
have the gas full pressure, and with the air vents open, adjust the needle valve or the air to
produce short blue flame of many short cones that are about 0.5 cm high. The object to be heated
is placed about 1 cm above the grid.

Fig. E Operating the Bunsen burner

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II. A. COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUSES

This section details common laboratory apparatus and their appropriate use. Knowing the proper
use will help ensure safe laboratory practices.

B. USES OF COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUSES

1. Balance – for measuring mass

2. Beaker – to hold, mix, and heat liquids
3. Bunsen burner – as heat source in the absence of flammable materials
4. Buret – for dispensing accurate volume of a liquid
5. Clay triangle – to support a crucible during heating
6. Crucible – for holding chemicals during heating to very high temperatures
7. Crucible tongs – to hold crucibles

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 8. Erlenmeyer flask – to hold mix chemicals. The small neck is to facilitate mixing without spilling
9. Evaporating dish – to heat liquids for evaporation
10. Funnel – for Filtration; also to transfer liquids or fine-grained materials into containers with
small openings.
11. Graduated Cylinder – to measure a precise volume of a liquid
12. Mortar and pestle – to crush and grind materials
13. Ring clamp – used with a ring stand to hold glassware, such as beaker or funnel
14. Ring stand – to support laboratory glassware, water bath, etc.
15. Spatula – to transfer solids
16. Stirring rod – for stirring and mixing
17. Test tube – to hold and mix liquids
18. Test tube holder – to hold test tube during heating
19. Test tube rack – to hold several tubes at one time
20. Thermometer – to measure temperature
21. Utility/ iron clamp – to secure glassware to a ring stand
22. Volumetric flask – to prepare solutions of accurate volume
23. Volumetric pipet – to measure small amounts of liquid very accurately; draw in or suck the
liquid using an aspirator (never use your mouth)
24. Wash bottle – to rinse parts of glasswares and to add small quantities of water
25. Watch glass – to hold solids while weighing or to cover a beaker
26. Wire gauze – to support a container, such as beaker, on a ring stand during heating

III. ASSIGNMENT
Students are expected to submit a copy of the Material Safety Data Sheets of chemicals of the
chemicals that will be used for every experiment. Students will be individually assigned to what particular
MSDS must be submitted. Submit this worksheet next meeting.

IV. ASSESSMENT
Prepare for an online quiz next meeting. The coverage of the quiz will be taken from Module 1. Types
of quiz are essay, identification and true or false. The first quiz is worth 50 points.

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Name: ____________________________________ Period: ________ Date: __________

RECOGNIZING LAB SAFETY WORKSHEET

TEK 1 A I can identify the difference between safe and unsafe procedures in a science classroom.
TEK 2 A I can identify common laboratory equipment used in a biology classroom.

DIRECTIONS: Using your handout on science safety rules, in each of the following situations, write “yes” if the
proper safety procedures are being followed and “no” if they are not. Then give a reason for your answer.

1. Bubba cannot find matches to light his Bunsen burner. The student next to him picks up a lighted burner and
says, “Here, you can use my flame to light your burner.” ___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Jim Bob notices that the electrical cord on his microscope is frayed near the plug. He takes the microscope to
his teacher and asks for permission to use another one. ___________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. The directions in lab manual instruct students to pour a small amount of hydrochloric acid into a beaker.
Hawkeye puts on safety goggles and a lab apron before pouring the acid into the beaker. ________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Trapper John finds a paper clip on the floor, and becomes curious. He wants to know what will happen if he
sticks the paper clip in the electrical outlet at his lab desk. His lab partners agree, and he performs his
experiment.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. While using ice in a lab, Major Burns puts a piece of ice down Captain Pierce’s shirt. To get even, Pierce
grabs a handful and returns the favor.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

DIRECTIONS: Identify the meaning of each safety symbol below.

6. 7. 8.

_______________________ _______________________ _____________________________

9. 10. 11.

_______________________ _______________________ _____________________________

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DIRECTIONS: Look at each of the following drawings and explain what rules the individuals are following what
rules they are not following correctly (unsafe).

12. 13.

_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

14. 15.

_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

16. 17.

_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

DIRECTIONS: Read each of the statements below. If the statement is true, then write “True” in the
space provided. If the statement is false, then write “False” and fix the statement so that it is true.

18. _______ While in the lab, it is okay to begin touching or using the items on the lab tables
without being instructed to do so, as long as you know how to use and handle the equipment.

19. _______ If something is spilled or broken in the lab, just cover it up or kick it out of the
way if no one saw you do it.

MC 102 L 18
 JMJ Marist Brothers
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Natural Sciences-Mathematics Department
Notre Dame of Marbel University
City of Koronadal
20. _______ If an acid gets on your skin, the best thing to do is to tell your teacher
immediately, and flush the area with lots of water.

21. _______ When dissecting, you should cut away from yourself.

22. _______ The best place to throw away garbage or unwanted items is in the lab sink,
because teachers love to pick up other people’s messes.

23. _______ Long hair should be tied back during labs so it does not get in the way.

References:
• Bayquen, A.V. et.al. 2009.Laboratory Manual in Organic Chemistry.
CE Publishing.
• Morrison, Robert Thornton and Boyd, Robert Neilson. (latest edition).
Organic Chemistry.. New Jersey : Prentice Hall International, Inc.
• Pena, P.C. et. al. 2014.Inorganic-Organic Chemistry Laboratory Manual. CE Publishing.
• Silva, N.B. 2015. Laboratory experiments in Chemistry 102.
• Vicente, G.V. 2012. Laboratory Manual in Organic Chemistry.

End of Module 1

19 Laboratory Orientation – Module 1