Kamani science and prataprai

Arats
Collage amreli
-: Chemistry department :-

Roll No:- …… at No:-……...

Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. / Miss. ………………………
Student of T.Y.B.Sc. (chemistry) has carried out this
project work as per Saurashtra University curriculum
under out guidance and supervision and is his / her
own contribution.

Dr.R.V.Zala Dr.V.N.Patoliya
Project Guide H.O.D.
Chemistry Department Chemistry Department

1
 DECLARATION

I AM THE STUDENT OF T.Y.B.Sc. CHEMISTRY , HAS

CARRIED OUT THIS PROJECT WORK AND IT IS MY OWN
WORK.

I HAVE PREPAREDMY PROJECT WITH MY PARTNER & I

ASSURE THAT I HAVE NOT COPYED THAT FROM ANY
OTHER SOURCE AND IT IS NOT SUBMITTED AT ANT
UNIVERSITY BEFORE FOR THE SAME IF IT WILL BE
OBSERVED THEN I WILL BE FULLY RESPONSIBLE FOR
THAT & ACTIONS TAKEN BY COLLAGE WILL BE FOLLWED
BY ME

Date : / /2018 Yours Faithfully

Place : AMRELI Viradiya Prashant V.

2
 Preface

“Great dreams of great dreamers are always

transcended”

The above sentence shows that any work is not impossible .

The field of management provides practical as well as
theoretical knowledge. With the turn of century. Expert knowledge
and specialized technology will become part of over day to day life.

B.Sc. is full time professional degree course. By today only

a degree dose not help, you have to marketable means you should
have enough knowledge about practical things. Therefore, to combat a
situation saurashtra university has include “INDUSTRIAL VISIT
REPORT” as well as project report in the syllabus of B.Sc. where
student are getting the invaluable opportunity to understand
systematically that how the company work. It is also us full to
develop awareness about the industrial environment.
I have selected “UNIQUE PESTICIDE INDUSTERY”
Situated at industrial area vadodra. This company is concerned with
manufacturing of pesticide.

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

THIS IS TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT I, ……………………..

HAS CARRIED OUT THIS PROJECT WORK SUCCESSFULLY
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF DR. R.V.ZALA TO PROVIDE
GREAT GUIDANCE TO ME DURING WHOLE PROJECT WORK
& DURING VISIT TO AN INDUSTRIAL UNIT.
I AM ALSO THANKFULL TO MY PARENTS AND
ALMIGHTY PROVIDE ME STRENGTH AND BLESS DURING
MY WORK

4
 INDEX
Sr. Name Page
no. no.
1 Information about partners 6
2 Introduction 7
3 Specification of product 8
4 Market status 11
5 Demand & prospects in India 12
6 Primary information about 13
project
7 Production method 29
8 Machinery & Lab. 38
Equipments
9 Hazardous & safety steps 44
10 Conclusion 45

5
 About partners

Sr Name Date Qualification Experience Annual

No Of income
Birth
Viradiya Prashant v. 08/05/1998 B.Sc. 2 - year 4 Lacs
1 At. Vandarvad (chemistry)
Ta. Bhesan
Dist. Junagadh
Mo.No.-9427106561
Dholariya Paras B. 02/06/1998 B.Sc. 2 - year 4 Lacs
2 At. Nani kukavav (chemistry)
Ta. Kukavav
Dist. Amreli
Mo.No.-8980226410
Vadza Parth A. 21/12/1997 B.Sc. 2 - year 4 Lacs
3 At. Lonki (chemistry)
Ta. Liliya (mota)
Dist. Amreli
Mo.No.-9978483085
Tilavt Rushabh M. 03/10/1997 B.Sc. 2 - year 4 Lacs
4 At. Amreli (chemistry)
Ta. Amreli
Dist. Amreli
Mo.No.-8347395744

6
 Introduction

 Molecular Formula
CuSO4
 Structural Formula

7
Copper(II) sulphate, also known as cupric sulphate,
or copper sulphate, is the inorganic compound with
the chemical formulaCuSO4(H2O)x, where x can range
from 0 to 5. The pentahydrate (x = 5) is the most
common form. Older names for this compound
include blue vitriol, bluestone, vitriol of copper,
and Roman vitriol.
Copper sulphate is produced industrially by treating
copper metal with hot concentrated sulphuric acid or its
oxides with dilute sulphuric acid. For laboratory use,
copper sulphate is usually purchased. Copper sulphate
can also be produced by slowly leaching low grade
copper ore in air; bacteria may be used to hasten the
process.
Commercial copper sulphate is usually about
98% pure copper sulphate, and may contain traces of
water. Anhydrous Copper sulphate is 39.81 percent
copper and 60.19 percent sulphate by mass, and in its
blue, hydrous form, it is 25.47% copper, 38.47%
sulphate (12.82% sulphur) and 36.06% water by mass.
Four types of crystal size are provided based on its
usage: large crystals (10–40 mm), small crystals (2–
10 mm), snow crystals (less than 2 mm), and windswept
powder (less than 0.15 mm).

8
 Specification of the product

Specifications of Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate.

Parameters --------- Specification
Appearance --------- Blue Coloured Powder & Crystals
Copper as Cu % ----- 24.50 Min
Nickel as Ni % ----- 0.03 Max
Iron as Fe % ------- 0.20 Max
Lead as Pb % ------- 0.002 Max
Cadmium as Cd % ---- 0.001 Max
Arsenic as As % ---- 0.0005 Max
Mercury as Hg % ---- 0.0005 Max
Insoluble matter % - 0.02 Max in water
pH in 5% Solution -- 3.50 Min
Specifications of Copper Sulphate Anhydrous.
Parameters --------- Specification
Appearance --------- Blue Coloured Powder & Crystals
Copper as Cu % ----- 38.2 Min
Nickel as Ni % ----- 0.05 Max
Iron as Fe % ------- 0.30 Max
Lead as Pb % ------- 0.003 Max
Cadmium as Cd % ---- 0.001 Max
Arsenic as As % ---- 0.0007 Max
Mercury as Hg % ---- 0.0007 Max
Insoluble matter % - 0.03 Max in water

9
Characteristic of copper sulphate

Copper sulphate is a hard crystalline substance

of a blue colour. Copper sulphate dissolves well
in water. For 1 molecule of copper sulphate in
the structure of the substance there are 5 water
molecules. The anhydrous substance does not
have any colour. Copper sulphate is found in na-
ture in the form of several molecules – for exam-
ple, chalsenesite, bonatite, boothite and oth-
er minerals. Copper sulphate breaks down at
high temperatures, forming copper sulphate,
oxygen and sulphur dioxide

Physical property
Copper sulphate is water-soluble and is absorbed
by organic media such as clay and humus. Copper
sulphate melts at temperatures above 100
degrees Celsius and becomes an anhydrous
crystal at temperatures above 200 degrees
Celsius. It is not flammable or combustible.
As copper sulphate is a naturally occurring
compound, it does not degrade under normal
environmental conditions and does not reduce its
presence in bodies of water by volatilization.
10
 Market status
The annual demand of this material has received a
boost in recent year, as can be seen from table. This is
also evidenced by the fact that the percent use of copper
sulphate as insecticide in farm has increased up to 50%
of total usage of copper sulphate in 2017, which was
0% in 1900.

ANNUAL DEMAND OF FARM GRADE

COPPRESULPHATE IN ASIAN COUNTRIES

Year Annual
demand(in tone)
2017 78,000
2018 1,50,000
2019 2,50,000
2020 3,75,000
2021 5,00,000

11
Demand & prospects in india

The production of copper sulphate in india has

increased from 20,000 tone in 1950 and it estimate is
10,00,000 to 30,000 tone in 1965 is estimate is
15,00,000. The demand of copper sulphate powder has
been estimate is 50,000 tone in 2000 this stastics are
indicative of most undesirable situation is water,
envirounental pollution is caused by copper sulphate
powder in near future.
A part from monitoring enviroumental and health
hazards, this will save on the import cost of sulphate the
raw material used for manufacture of copper sulphate
powder and other products. Pollution control authorities
should take care of this issue and offer incentives may
be through financial to familiarize the low or non waste
technology.
Over company is trusted by the production of copper
sulphate and other insecticide is eco friendly and non
pollution of water and enviroument.

12
Primary information about project

Name of Industry :- UNIQUE Insecticide industry

Address :- Unique House, GIDC Area,

Vadodara Gujarat , 390003

Main product :- copper sulphate powder

Type of Unite :- smell scale unite

13
 Details about land

Sr.no. Details Expense(cost)

1 Land 64,00,000

2 Land 6,00,000
development
Total cost 70,00,000

14
 plant structure
Sr. Details Area Type of Rate of Total
No Sq. construction construction cost
Ft. Per Sq. Ft.
1 Production 1000 RCC 1000 10,00,000
Shade
2 Godown 700 RCC 700 4,90,000
3 Office 200 SIMPLE 800 1,60,000
4 Watchman 80 SIMPLE 400 32,000
Room
5 Toilet 60 SIMPLE 400 24,000
blocks
6 Compound 500 RCC 650 3,25,000
wall
7 Gate -- SIMPLE -- 75,000
8 Parking 200 SIMPLE 800 1,60,000
9 Other 500 SIMPLE 900 4,50,000
Total 3240 27,16,000

15
 PRIMARY EXPENSE
Sr. Name Amount
No
1 Traveling Expanse 1,25,000
2 Stationary, Postage, 15,000
Telephone Expanse
3 Legal Expanse 20,000
4 Consultancy expanse 15,000
5 Other Expanse 20,000
Total Expanse 1,45,000

Contigency

Sr.No Name Rate Amount

1 Parts of 10% 13,65,000
Machinery
2 Expansion 10% 2,71,000
&Repairing of
Building
Total 16,36,600

16
 Total Expense of project

Sr. Details Cost

No
1 Land 64,00,000

2 Land Developing 6,00,000

3 Build Construction 27,16,000

4 Machinery 1,36,50,000

5 Lab, Equipment 86,000

6 Primary Expanse 1,45,000

7 Contingency 16,36,600

Total 2,46,33,000

17
 Financial management

Sr. Details Long Term Self Deposit

No Loan
Amount

1 Land 30,00,000 34,00,000

2 Land Developing -- 6,00,000
3 Build Construction 10,00,000 17,16,000
4 Machinery 60,00,000 76,50,000
5 Lab. Equipments -- 86,500
6 Primary Expanse -- 1,95,000
7 Contingency -- 16,36,600
Total Expanse 1,00,00,000 83,98,600

18
 Information about plant &
machinery
The details about machineries necessary to run the
plant, it is follows.

Sr. Name Function Quantity Name of cost Total

No supplier cost
1 Ball mill For single 1 Indian 50,00,000 50,00,000
stage find machineries
grinding
2 Belt conveyer for transferring 1 Indian 7,00,000 7,00,000
lump materials machineries
3 Cs cone crusher producing 0- 1 Indian 15,00,000 15,00,000
4 Hammer crusher 3MM coarse 1 machineries 15,00,000 15,00,000
powder
5 Bwz heavy duty apron used in metal- 1 Indian 10,00,000 10,00,000
feeder mining machineries
6 Floating machine for the 1 Indian 8,00,000 8,00,000
separation of machineries
numerous of
mineral ores,
7 High frequency screen for screening 1 Indian 5,00,000 5,00,000
and grading machineries
the fine
particles of
mineral ores
8 Packing machine 50g-10kg 1 Indian 15,00,000 15,00,000
packing machineries

9 Ro plant To purify 1 Indian 90,000 90,000

water machineries

10 Storage tank To store raw 1 Indian 60,000 60,000

materials water machineries
etc
Total 10 1,36,50,000

19
 Lab instruments

Sr. Name Function Quantity Name of Cost Total

no. supplier cost

1 pH To 1 Indian 10,000 10,000

meter measure equipments
pH
2 Digital To check 1 Indian 35,000 35,000
balance acc. equipments
Weight
3 Oven To cook 1 Indian 29,000 29,000
posts equipments
&drying
4 MP/BP To check 1 Indian 12,000 12,000
checker MP/BP equipments
Total -- 4 -- -- 86,000

20
Current financial requirements
Sr. Details Time stock Bank Self Total
No. duration loan Deposit amount

1 Stock of raw 2 months 40,000 7,00,000 8,00,000 15,00,000

materials kg

2 Stock of partly 1 months 20,000kg 4,00,000 5,00,000 9,00,000

prepared
material

3 Stock of Daily 800kg -- 50,000 50,000

prepared
materials

Production capacity

Sr. NO. Details Rate Daily Annual Annual

per kg production working gross
days income
1 CuSO4 115 600 300 20,70,00,000

21
 Annual selling income

Sr. Details Market Quantity Annual

No per kg. kg. per gross
day income
1 CuSO4 130 600 kg 2,34,00,000
Total 130 600 kg 2,34,00,000

Required raw material

Sr. Details Market Quantity Cost Annual

No rate kg. per per gross
Rs. Per day day in expanse
kg. Rs. in Rs.
1 Copper 40 500 20,000 60,00,000
carbonate
2 Sulfuric acid 15 300 4,500 13,50,000
Total 55 800 24,500 73,50,000

22
 Electricity & fuel
Sr. details quantity rate Cost Annual
No. per gross
day expanses.
1 Electricity 450 KWH 10/KWH 4,500 13,50,000
2 Water 20 KL 2 /KL 40 12,000
3 coal 200 kg 2 /kg 400 1,20,000
Total 4,940 14,82,000

Rent, tax & insurance

Sr. no Details Monthly Annual
expense expense
1 Tax 70,000 8,40,000
2 Insurance 10,000 1,20,000
Total 80,000 9,60,000

23
 Salary basis
Sr.no Details No. Monthly Total
Expense Salary(per
(Rs.) month)
1 Director 1 30,000 30,000
2 Expert 2 20,000 40,000
3 Labour 10 8,000 80,000
4 Salesman 4 10,000 40,000
5 Watchman 2 5,000 10,000
6 Monthly Expense 2,00,000
7 Annual Expense 24,00,000

Repairing & maintenance

Sr no Details Monthly Annual
Expanse Expanse
1 Repairing 5,000 60,000
2 Maintenance 2,000 24,000
Total 7,000 84,000

24
 Depreciation

Sr. Details Amount Description Total

no. value description
value
1 Building & 27,16,000 10% 2,71,600
construction
2 Instruments 1,36,50,000 10% 13,65,000
&
Equipments
Total -- -- 16,36,600

Interest
Sr. no. Details Loan Interest Total
amount interest
1 Term loan -- -- --
2 Bank loan 1,00,00,000 20% 20,00,000
Total -- -- 20,00,000

25
Sels administration expenditure

Sr. Details Amount

No (monthly)

1 Travelling expanse 20,000

2 Stationary, stamp & postage Exp. 10,000
3 Legal Expense 20,000
4 Accountant’s salary 10,000
Total 60,000

Selling expanse
Sr. Details Amount
No (monthly)
1 Travelling Expanse 20,000
2 Advertisement Expense 10,000
3 Sample Expanse 30,000
4 Commissions on selling 20,000
5 Seles promotion Expanse 15,000
Total 95,000

26
 Profitability of the project
Sr. Details Year
No
1 2 3 4
1 Maximum 2,40,000 2,40,000 2,60,000 2,60,000
production
capacity
2 Used 85% 85% 92% 92%
capacity(%)
3 Used 2,04,000 2,04,000 2,20,800 2,20,800
capacity
4 Total 2,34,00,000 2,39,00,000 2,44,00,000 2,48,00,000
Selling
Income
5 Production
expanse
6 Raw 73,50,000 74,00,000 74,50,000 75,00,000
Material
7 Fuel & 14,82,000 14,84,000 14,87,000 14,90,000
Electricity
8 Tax, 9,60,000 9,64,000 9,70,000 9,75,000
Insurance&
Rent
19 Repairing & 84,000 84,000 83,000 85,000
Maintenance
10 Salary 24,00,000 24,25,000 24,50,000 24,75,000
11 Depreciation 16,36,600 16,40,000 16,44,000 16,47,000
12 Interest 20,00,000 19,70,000 19,40,000 18,90,000
13 Marketing 95,000 97,000 99,000 10,10,000
&
Maintenance
27
14 Gross Profit 2,34,00,000 2,39,00,000 2,44,00,000 2,48,00,000
15 Net Profit 73,92,400 78,40,000 82,77,000 86,42,000

28
Production
method

29
 RAW MATERIALS:-

1) Copper carbonate ( CuCO3 )

2) Sulphuric acid ( H2SO4 )
3) Water ( H2O )

PRODUCTION PROCESS:-

Chemical Reaction:-

1) CuCO 3 + H 2 SO 4 + 4 H2O = CuSO 4 5H 2 O + CO 2

2) CuCO 3 * Cu(OH) 2 + 2H 2 SO 4 +6H 2 0 = 2CuSO 4 5H 2 0+ CO 2

Dilute sulphuric acid (60%) is taken in a stirred

vessel and copper carbonate is added slowly To the
acid under stirring, at room temp. or vise versa . The ph
of the solution is monitored and maintained at ph of
2. The carbon dioxide gas which comes out of the
vessel is scrubbed in lime water. After the addition of
copper carbonate is completed the reaction mass is
allowed to digest and the ph is monitored the final
ph is adjusted to 4. The reaction mass is then
heated to 70 degrees or maintained at, for
some time. The heat can be external or if the reactor
is insulated the exothermic can supply with the increase
of temp and the transfered to open or closed H.D.P.E

30
tanks for further slow crystallization. Lead strips are
hanged in the bath which aid in crystallization. The
crystals are then centrifuged and the mother liquor
is recycled back to the crystallization tank or
charged into the next batch or further concentrated to
recover the residual copper sulphate the crystals from
the centrifuge are dried or packed as is as per the
nature of the copper sulphate required.

31
Machinery

32
 Ball Mill

Ball mills are used primary for single stage fine

grinding, regrinding, and as the second stage in
two stage grinding circuits. Ball mills have been
designed in standard sizes of the final products
between 0.074 mm and 0.4 mm in diameter.

33
 CS Cone Crusher

Comparing with other kinds of crushers, CS Series

spring cone crusher is quite excellent in hard
material crushing and the final product has good
sharp. The innovations like stable lubrication
system and excellent sealing system evidently
reduce the production cost, helping you to achieve
the highest level of profitability.

34
 Flotation Machine

With the development of mining industry,

investors present various requirements of the
features of flotation machine. Now there are many
kinds of flotation machines, such as agitator
flotation machine, pneumatic flotation machine
and pneumatic- agitator flotation machine. And
different mineral ores have different
hydrophilicity, so the final configurations greatly
depend on the professional designs.

35
 High-frequency Screen

Compared with the commonly screening and

grading equipments, the High-frequency screen
adopts higher frequency. As a result, it is able to
damage tension force of the pulp surface. Also the
fine particles are able to oscillate speedily on the
surface of the screen because of the high
frequency, and the big expecting minerals are
isolated from the pulp easily.

36
 Packing machine

This machine is used for packing of copper

sulphate powder in quantities varies 50g-10kg
packets.

37
 Laboratory equipments

{1} Digital balance

to weight the raw material and weight for
preparation of different type of reagent to carried
out reaction process definite amount of reactants to
mix. To full fill the requirements, there is used
balance.
Digital balance has two types as follows:

(i) Macro scale balance

Range: 1-500 kg
Price: 15,000
38
 Manufacture: indian equipment

(ii) Micro scale balance

Range: 0.01-1000 gms.

Price: 10,000
Manufacture: Indian equipment

{2} oven
Some reactions are carried out by heating
the product at definite temperature. For definite
time an oven is used. for above purpose this
company contains HEXA TEC-SSLM-305(HIPL-
204/204).

Temp. range: 5-300 centigrade

39
Temp. accuracy: 0-2 centigrade
Price: 29,000
Manufacture: Indian equipment

40
{3} pH Meter:-
To measure the pH of the product i.e. to
check the acidity / basicity pH meter is used.
Before using it should calibrated with help of
buffer solution.

Detail Range Resolution Accuracy

pH 0-14 0.01 0.03
mV 0-1999 0.1-1 0.05
Temp. 0-80 C 0.1 1

Price : 10,000
Manufacture : Indian equipment

41
{4} MP/BP Equipment:-
To check the final product is being formed
or not MP/BP. Instrument is very useful apparatus.
In this method , the product is melts up to it
melting point and boil up to boiling point with
accuracy in its pure form. Hear, instead of paraffin
oil, silica oil is used as media. By magnifying
glass, the exact MP/BP is noted. This instruments
specification as follows.

Oil used : silica oil

Range : 0-300 centigrade
Price : 12,000
manufacture : Indian equipment

42
 Uses of copper Sulphate

Copper sulphate has many agricultural uses but the

following are the more important ones:
 Preparation of Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures on the
farm
 Control of fungus diseases
 Correction of copper deficiency in soils
 Correction of copper deficiency in animals
 Stimulation of growth for fattening pigs and broiler
chickens A molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and
snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fluke
 The synthetic fibre industry has found an application for
it in the production of their raw material.
 The metal industry uses large quantities of copper
sulphate as an electrolyte in copper refining, for copper
coating steel wire prior to wire drawing and in various
copper plating processes.
 The mining industry employs it as an activator in the
concentration by froth flotation of lead, zinc, cobalt and
gold ores.
 The printing trade takes it as an electrolyte in the
production of electrotype and as an etching agent for
process engraving.
 The paint industry uses it in anti-fouling paints and it
plays a part in the colouring of glass.

43
Hazardous and safety steps

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW:- Copper dust is eye, skin, and

mucous membrane irritant. Copper Sulphate is toxic. Poisoning may
affect the liver and/or kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Persons with
a history of chronic respiratory or skin disease may be at increased
risk from exposure. See below for route-specific details.

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS:-

Inhalation: Slightly toxic by inhalation. Acute exposure inhalation
of dusts and mist of copper salts may cause irritation of upper
respiratory tract. Workers exposed to copper salts in dust form
complained of metallic taste with irritation of nasal and oral mucous.

Eye Contact: May cause mild irritation to the eyes. Acute exposure
copper salts splashed in the eyes may cause conjunctivitis, corneal
ulceration and turbidity.

Skin Contact: Slight skin irritant. Excessive exposure, especially if

prolonged, may produce skin irritation. Repeated exposure may cause
allergic contact dermatitis.

44
 Conclusion

As from above details, I conclude that the unit

copper sulphate will be good manufacturing and profitable
unit. As I desired to set up all departments will be really
excellent. Before putting product in the market we will check
it by our laboratory. It will be checked by authority.

The performance of this unit will be quit satisfactory.

It will progress very well due to its better management.

We will try our best to produce copper sulphate of

best quality and give contribution in chemical development of
our country.

Really this is great opportunity for me to plant this

unit, I will do my best uplift this unit.

45