STRUCTURE

1. Hanya Holm is a dancer, choreographer, and ___ 8. The most elaborate of all bird nests _____, domed
a. Dance that she teaches communal structure built by social weaverbirds.
b. Her teaching of dance a. larger
c. To each dancing b. largely is
d. Dance teacher c. the large
d. is the large
2. During an eclipse of the Sun, ___ in the shadow
of the Moon. 9. William Walker’s mural, “Wall of
a. the Earth lies Respect,”_____ an outdoor wall in Chicago,
b. the Earth when lying deals with social issues.
c. that the Earth lies a. covers
d. the lying Earth b. covers it
c. which covers
d. which it covers
3. Under the influence of Ezra Pound, Hilda
Doolittle became associated with the Imagists
and ___ into one of the most original poets of the 10. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate
group. _____ yield when unusual weight is placed on
a. developed them.
b. to be developing a. although its crust and mantle
c. who developed b. its crust and mantle to
d. developing it c. that its crust and mantle
d. for its crust and mantle to
4. ___all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the
ground; some of it is lost through evaporation. 11. .The columbine flower, _____to nearly all of the
a. Nowhere United States, can be raised from seed in almost
b. Not any garden.
c. No a. native
d. None b. how native is
c. how native is it
d. is native
5. In an area first explored by Samuel de Champlain,
_____.
a. establishment of the city of Halifax in 1749 12. The photoperiodic response of algae actually
b. in 1749 the city of Halifax established depends on the duration of darkness, ____
c. in 1749, establishing the city of Halifax a. the light is not on
d. the city of Halifax was established in 1749 b. and not on light
c. but is not on the light
d. is not on light
6. A nation’s merchant marine is made up of its
commercial ships and the personnel _____.
a. they operate them 13. The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is
b. who operate them greater than ___________.
c. they operate whom a. that of its mining and farming combined
d. who do they operate b. mining and farming combination
c. that mining and farming combined
d. of its combination mining and farming
7. ____Nat Turner who led a revolt against slavery
in Virginia in 1831.
a. Where was 14. The tongue is capable of many motions and
b. It was configurations and plays a vital role in chewing,
c. He was swallowing and speaking.
d. It was him
15. Instead of being housed in one central bank in c. Irritability
Washington, D.C, the Federal Reserve system is d. irritation
division into twelve districts.
24. Accute hearing helps most animals sense the
16. Philodendrons of various kinds are cultivated for approach of thunderstorms long before people
their beautiful foliage. ___.
a. hearing them
b. do
17. Kiwi birds mainly eat insects, worms, and snails c. do them
and search for their food by probing the ground d. hear
with their long bills.

25. The rotation of the Earth on its axis is ___ the

18. He founded that city in 1685, and ___ quickly alternation of periods of light and darkness.
grew to be the largest city in colonial America. a. responsible in
a. He b. responsible for
b. It c. responsible with
c. It d. responsible to
d. We

26. A microscope can reveal vastly _____ detail than

19. Fewer people reside in Newfoundland than in ___ is visible to the naked eye.
Canadian province except Prince Edward Island. a. than
a. Other? b. than more
b. one another c. more than
c. Any other? d. more
d. others

27. Narcissus bulbs _____ at least three inches apart

20. most tree frogs change color to harmonize ___ and covered with about four inches of well
a. to their background drained soil.
b. with their background a. should be planted
c. on their background b. to plant
d. in background of them c. must planting
d. should plant
21. one of the most difficult questions in difining
sleep is “what ___ the functions of sleep?” 28. Industrialization has been responsible for _____
a. is most radical of the environmental changes caused
b. has by humans.
c. have a. a
d. are b. the
c. some of which
22. Dr. Bethune, the founder of Bethune-Cookman d. which are the
College, served as ___ to both Franklin Rosevelt
and Harry Truman. 29. In many areas the slope and topography of the
a. advise land_____ excess rain fall to run off into a natural
b. advised outlet.
c. an advisor a. neither permit
d. advising b. without permitting
c. nor permitting
23. Some plants produce ___ poisons that can affect d. do not permit
a person even if he or she merely brushes against
them.
a. Irritating?
b. Irritated?
30. Color and light, taken together, _____ the 37. _____ around stones that are sun-warmed, even
aesthetic impact of the interior of a building. the smallest of stones creates tiny currents of
a. very powerfully influence warm air.
b. very influence powerfully a. The cool air
c. powerfully very influence b. If the air is cool
d. Influence powerfully very. c. That the air cools
d. The cooler the air.
31. _____that Rachel Carson’s 1962 book Silent
Spring was one of the chief sources of inspiration 38. According to some critics, the novels of William
for the development of nontoxic pesticides. Burroughs demonstrate the major hazard of
a. There is likely absurd literature, _____ tendency toward over-
b. Likely to be embellishment and incoherence.
c. It is likely a. notwithstanding
d. Likely b. besides
c. is a
d. its
32. Total color blindness, _____, is the result of a
defect in the retina.
a. a rare condition that 39. ___ .Burmese breed of cat was developed in the
b. a rare condition US during the 1930’s.
c. that a rare condition a. The
d. is a rare condition. b. When the
c. While the
d. Since the
33. _____no conclusive evidence exists, many
experts believe that the wheel was invented only
once and then diffused to the rest of the world. 40. the three most common states of matter are….
a. Even a. solidity, liquid, and gas
b. But b. solid, liquefy, and gas
c. Although c. solidity, liquidate, and gas
d. So. d. solid, liquid, and gas

34. Wherever there is plenty of rain during the 41. it has been found that chronic loud noise may lead
growing season, life is _____ in various forms. to….hearing loss
a. abundant a. temporary or permanently
b. the abundance b. temporarily or permanent
c. an abundant c. temporarily or permanently
d. it abundant d. temporary or permanent

35. Most of _____ archaeologists know about 42. Norman Mailers first….with his war novel The
prehistoric cultures is based on studies of material Naked and The Dead, published in 1948.
remains. a. Successfully achieved
a. these b. achieved success ?
b. what c. successful achievement
c. which d. achievement of success ?
d. their
43. ___to the United States House of Representatives
36. In her time, Isadora Duncan was _____ today a in 1791, Nathaniel Macon remained in office
liberated woman. until 1815.
a. calling what we would a. Election
b. who would be calling b. Why he was elected
c. what we would call c. Elected
d. she would call it. d. Who was elected
44. Some snakes have hoolw teeth are called fangs that they use to poison ther victims

45. Doctors are not sure ___ fever

a. exactly how disease causes
b. diseases exactly causes how
c. how disease causes exactly
d. how exactly causes disease

46. Along the rocky shores of New England ___ and tidal marsh.
a. are where stretches of sandy beach ?
b. stretches of sandy are there
c. are stretches of sandy beach ?
d. stretches of sandy beach are

47. Lina was nominated for an award as both a screenwriter ___ an actress in 2009.
a. also
b. in addition
c. and
d. but

48. An erupting volcano sometimes affects……of the surrounding region and can even cause lakes to disappear.
a. feature
b. the featured
c. featuring
d. the feature

49. Modern poets have experimented with poetic devices ___ and assonance.
a. as such alliteration
b. such as alliteration
c. such alliteration as
d. alliteration such as

50. Birds’ eggs vary greatly ___ size, shape, and color.
a. with
b. of
c. at
d. in

51. Fredrick dedicated ___ of slavery and the fight for civil rights.
a. his life to work the abolishment ?
b. his life to working for the abolishment ?
c. his life to work to abolish
d. his life to working in abolish
 READING

The end of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century were marked by the development of
an international Art Nouveau style, characterized by sinuous lines, floral and vegetable motifs, and soft evanescent
coloration.
1. The popularity of the Art Nouveau
2. Style
3. The appearance of the glass surface
4. To give examples of famous Art Nouveau artists
5. Valued
6. Surpassed
7. The purposes of an object should influence its form
8. Reflected a common desire to break from the past
9. It started on a small scale and then spread gradually
10. A flower design

According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a
social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents.
1. The role of leaders in social groups
2. Specific leadership training
3. There is no proof that “natural leaders” exist
4. A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group
5. Achieving a goal
6. Group
7. Group members
8. Distant
9. Find a solution for
10. Comparison and contrast

Iron production was revolutionized in the early eighteenth century when coke was first used instead of charcoal for
refining iron ore. Previously the poor quality of the iron had restricted its use in architecture to items such as chains and tie
bars for Line supporting arches, vaults, and walls.
1. The evolution of the use of iron in architecture during the 1800’s
2. Dramatically changed
3. The use of charcoal for refining one produced poor quality iron
4. Much stronger
5. Internal iron skeleton
6. Attraction
7. Created
8. Exceeded
9. Wide span
10. They ridiculed them
11. General perception that iron structures were not aesthetically pleasing
12. The gradual inclusion of exposed iron in traditional styles of architecture
 A seventeenth-century theory of burning proposed that anything that burns must contain material that the theorists called
"phlogiston". Burning was explained as the release of phlogiston from the combustible material to the air. Air was thought
essential, since it had to provide a home for the released phlogiston
1. Attempts to explain what happens when materials
2. Air
3. Release of phlogiston into the air from burning material
4. Characteristics
5. Assumed to be true of
6. Seemed to have phlogiston with a negative weight
7. Burned without leaving much residue
8. Component
9. Because
10. Both theories recognize that air is important to combustion

A pioneering set of experiments has been important in the revolution in our understanding of animal behavior-a
revolution that eroded the behaviorist dogma that only humans have minds. These experiments were designed to detect
consciousness-that is signs of self-awareness or self-recognition-in animals other than humans.
1. Belief
2. Discover the presence of
3. Nonhuman animals do not possess self-consciousness
4. Had not yet devised adequate research methods for animal consciousness experiments
5. Avoided
6. Gallup had to allow the chimpanzee to become accustomed to the mirror before he began the experiment
7. Animal
8. Its own forehead
9. Significant development

The most easily recognizable meteorites are the iron variety, although they only represent about 5 percent of all
meteorite falls. They are composed of iron and nickel along with sulfur, carbon, and traces of other elements.
1. Finding meteorites on earth’s surface
2. Center
3. Meteorites are easier to find in glacial areas
4. Encased
5. Identifying
6. Erosion
7. On the Nullarbor plain
8. Stony meteorites
9. They may be related to the origins of life on earth
10. Less likely to be discovered than iron meteorites
 In 1915 a German scientist, Alfred Wegener, published a book that contained a bold new hypothesis conceming Earth’s
continents. According to Wegener, all the landmasses on Earth were once united in a giant supercontinent. This primeval
landmass, which he named Pangaea, broke apart, forming the continents and oceans as we know them today.
1. Wegener’s theory of continental drift and how it was received by scientist
2. Daring
3. Very ancient
4. They knew little about it because Wegener’s book had not yet been translated
5. Places
6. Recorded observations of continental movement
7. Were once located next to each other in Pangaea
8. Unconvinving
9. The different strength of earth’s gravitational force at different locations
10. The mechanism or process that caused continents to move

Although the deep-sea anglerfish has been a subject of curiosity for a long time, it is still very much a mystery to
scientists. This type of fish has escaped close scientific observation because it lives deep at the bottom of the ocean.
1. The unique features of an odd fish
2. It lives far below the surface of the ocean
3. Learned
4. Its size varies greatly
5. It uses the rod like antenna over its mouth to detect the presence of other sea animals
6. The antenna
7. To explain how the anglerfish gets its name
8. Their ability to fish with a rod is an ability that no other fish has
9. Grow quickly
10. They need salt in order to live and reproduce
11. When they are in large groups
 LISTENING
1. She has a new printer for her computer
2. A way to help people improve their economic
3. Microcredit programs have been very successful
there
4. Type the man's term paper
5. The architectural design of a new museum
6. Both were designed by the same architect
7. A natural landscape
8. Traditional values of Native America
9. They are examples of the usual sequence of
observation and explanation
10. Scientists were unable to balance equations of
energy without it
11. That it has a tiny amount of mass
12. The role of New England trees in British
shipbuilding
13. History
14. Birch
15. Its width
16. →
17. How they solve problems
18. By imitating signals that the other spiders send
19. Cross some water
20. It would try to reach the rock a different way
21. The woman and the man have plants to eat out
together
22. The calendar shows the wrong month
23. They will arrive late for dinner
24. Their team nearly lost the game
25. He is planning to stay until the conference is
finished
26. The man can buy detergent at the store
27. It is nicer than the Holiday Motel
28. Canadian winters are rather long
29. His private lessons did not help him
30. The committee has just begun to write the report
31. They will probably have to play in the gym
32. Change some wording in his letter
33. He is canceling the choir rehearsal because of
illness
34. He sometimes gets headaches after doing
computer work
35. The bookstore did not have what she was looking
for
36. The man will find a job if he continue to look
37. The man will get to the bank before it closes
38. Leave the museum temporarily
39. The woman’s paper is in the trash
40. The woman can make her call tomorrow
41. He will go with the woman
42. She does not want to see the man’s test
43. He will get the job done if he gets some
instruction
44. Find another sociology course
45. She cannot read the applications until
46. Marry will win the election
47. Plane trip
48. Join him and Mary at the movie
49. He sometimes gets headaches after doing
computer work