LOWER LIMB I: PELVIS, HIP, AND GLUTEAL REGION

             
              The gluteal region is also called the area of the buttocks. The region is located at the posterior aspect of
the pelvis and contains muscles that move the lower limb at the hip joint.
 
Objectives:
1. Determine the muscles of the gluteal region: Identify its attachments, action, blood supply and innervation.
2. Identify the ligaments in the hip that are significant to the gluteal region: ligaments that form the sciatic
foramen.
3. Identify the sciatic nerve: its relation to the muscles in the gluteal muscles and pelvis, its course as it becomes
the femoral nerve.
4. Determine the hip joint formed by the articulation of the femoral head to the pelvis.

Guide Question:

1. What are the muscles in the gluteal region? Give their attachments, action, blood supply and innervation.

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fasciae latae
Origin: Lateroposterior surface of sacrum and coccyx, gluteal surface of
ilium (behind posterior gluteal line), thoracolumbar fascia,
sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Blood supply: Inferior gluteal and superior gluteal arteries
Function: Extension, external rotation, abduction and adduction of the
thigh
Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and posterior gluteal
lines)
Insertion: Lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Blood supply: Superior gluteal artery
Function: Abduction and internal rotation of thigh; pelvis stabilization
Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and inferior gluteal
lines)
Insertion: Anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Blood supply: Superior gluteal artery
Function: Abduction and internal rotation of thigh; pelvis stabilization
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine, outer lip of
iliac crest
Insertion: Iliotibial tract
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Blood supply: Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Function: Internal rotation of thigh, external rotation of leg; hip and
knee joint stabilization

2. Illustrate the structures of the gluteal region that are most superficial. Label properly these structures.
3. Illustrate the structures of the gluteal region that are seen after cutting the gluteus maximus muscle. Label
properly.

4. Illustrate the structures of the gluteal region that are seen after cutting the gluteus medius muscle. Label
properly.
5. Draw the posterior view of the pelvis showing the formation of the sciatic nerve from the sacral nerve roots.
Show the ligaments within the pelvis that are related to the sciatic nerve. Label all (parts of hip bone, ligaments,
nerve) properly.

6. Illustrate the hip joint, showing the parts of the synovial joint. Label all (bone, ligaments, synovial joint)se as
it becomes the femoral nerve.