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    Documents testifying havoc spread by NATO in their bombing aggression on FR Yugoslavia in 1999.

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    Documents testifying havoc spread by NATO in their bombing aggression on FR Yugoslavia in 1999.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    17 views37 pages

    Pancevo Petrohemija Factory 2

    Uploaded by

    Vuk
    Documents testifying havoc spread by NATO in their bombing aggression on FR Yugoslavia in 1999.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf
    of 37
    DAMAGE TO THE ENVIRONMENT REVITALIZATION PROGRAMME Panéevo, December 1999 19.07.1000. DAMAGE TO THE ENVIRONMENT HIP Petrol lemija” d.p. Pangevo was bombed twice by NATO aggressor despite the fet that according to accepted standards and rules of warfare the chemical industry yauty have never before been the target of war actions. To make the things worse thy time of bombing the plants of Petrohemija were in normal operation Ihe First attack was on 15" April 1999 at 22:40, when the equipment and installations ofthe Vinyl Chloride Monomer and Polyvinyl Chloride plants were heavily damages Three days Laer, on 18" April 1999 at 01:10 in the second attack the Chlor alkali clectrolysis plant was destroyed and the storage tanks of chlorine and vinylehloride monomer were directly hit Shell-liagments and detonations destroyed the storage areas of Ethylenedichloride caustics and hydrochlorie acid and the processing part of the Chlor-alkali plant was so damaged that considerable quantities of mercury were released inte the soil underground water and indirectly into the Danube, All toxic. matters from the processing and storage areas were released into the umosphere (fier the explosion and fire), into the soil and underground water and, through the Waste Water Treatment plant, into the Danube or to the sludge dump ot this plant. Because of extremely high inflow of waste water containing considerable quantities oil and oil derivatives, the entire plant for the treatment of waste waters from Petrohemija and Oil Retinery was disabled. of tosig: matter Now. when all these dramatic events have come to their end, we can con follows: hude ay + 460 (of Vinylehloride monomer following explosion and fre. burning products (Phosgene, Hydrochloride. Carhonmonoxide). and eluding its © S00 ky of Freon 12 were released into the air; ‘© About 170.000 m? of waste water containing: ¢ 1.000 Cof Ethylenedichloride © 200 ke of Mercury * Wolf Hydrochloric acid (33%) = 401 of Na-hypoeblorite ‘+ Unknown quantities of oil and oil derivatives from the Oil Refinery of Pangevo was released into the Danube and the sludge dump of the Waste Water Treatment Plant 1.100 (of Ethylenedichloride 60 of Hydrochloric acid (33%) *© 78tol Mercury * 100 tof Causties (NaOH) + 40 10 Na-hypochlorite were reluased into the soil and underground water, Ihe damage to the environment caused by NATO bombing is estimated to excved DEMS million HIP PETROUEMUA PANCEVO- Dr Slobodan Tresac, Direetor General I GENERAT. INFORMATION located in the so called “South Zone” of the town, her with the NIS Oil Refinery of Pangevo and HIP “Azotara™ Fertilizer Plant ii represents an important centre af chemical, petrochemical and oil industry of Yugoslavia the town of Pangevo is connected to this industrial zone by its parts called Vojloviea and Topola. \L the distance of only several Kilometers trom the industrial zone there is a village and the Danube as well as fertile farming areas are not more than Iwo kilometers Liar LIP Pouot teutija dp. Pancevo is and ( Thom it Selyrade is 15 km far from the industrial complex of Pangevo. The town of Pandevo has 80,000 and the Municipality of Pancevo has about inhabitants. The production in HIP PetroHemija Pangevo started in late 1970s. ‘The designed uinuctl capacities in tons are as follows: Basie products: «Ethylene 200,000 * Propylene © Certraction 45.000 * pyrolytic of] 38.000 + Pyrolstic gasoline 138.000 = Chlorine 88.000 # Natrium hydroxide (100%) 100,000 * Natrium hypochlorite 8.000 + Vinylehloride monomer 100.000 + Ethylenedichloride 15,000 * Hydrochloric acid + Methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE) # | 3-butadiene © Kaffinate IT Polymers: HDPE Uigh Density Polyethylene) 30.000 EDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) 45.000 PVC (Poly vinylehloride) 34.000 SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber) 40.000 Finished products: Polyethylene pipes 5.000 If SITUATION CHLOR-ALKALI ELECTROLYSIS PLANT ‘Chloratkali Electrolysis” plant is one of the plants of TP Petrohemija ep. Panceve. and it produces chlorine as a basie produet which, in the chain of petrochemiea! products. is further used as one of raw materials for production of Vinylehlori monomer the pkint was designed by CRAWFORD & RUSSEL, USA, in accordance with the licence of OLIN Corporation, Its annual capacity is 88,000 t of Chlorine as well as vquivalent quantities of Natrium hydroxide (NaOH) and Hydrogen (H.). The plant covers the area of about 10 ha and consists of the following sections: Section 10 = Salt warehouse and conveying system Section 30 - Preparatation of electrolyte Section 40 - Cell rooms with auneses of eaustivs and bydiogen Section $0 Cooling, drying, eompression, liquetieation and storage ol chlorine with hypochlorite Section 60. - Causties storage Scetion 70 = Treatment of waste effluents Scetion 80 - Synthesis of hydrochlore acid Section 90 - Distribution of utility fluids, by the night between 17" and 18" April 1999 the plant was bombed by NATO forces und iL was hit with two missiles. the first missile hit the Section 30, The decanter together with the sludge condenser ssere totally destroyed, ‘The foree of explosion destroyed other equipment as well (wonveying system, root of the salt warehouse, conerete constructions. Section 34 storage tanks together with the accessories). Ihe second missile hit the Section 50 totally destroying the chlorine storage tank and heavily ckamaging other tanks in its proximity (used also for liquid chlorine) Shell-Lragments and detonations destroyed the caustics storage tanks of the Section Gi) ass well ay hypochlorite storage tanks of dhe Section 30, compressor building with the cntire equipment and equipment for mereury containing sludge treatment Because of the proximity of direct hits the connections between the cells were broken in the cell room causing a considerable quantity of mercury to leak to the ground Moor, However. since the conerete tray in the ground floor was also broken. metal mercury leaked to the underground area, RELEASED DANGEROUS AND HARMFUL MATTERS Direct hits of missiles and shell-fragmemts destroyed and damaged technological and auniliary equipment as well as storage tanks, One of the seties of disastrous consequences was the spillage of dangerous and harmful Huids into the soil. underground water and, via the Waste Water Treatment Plant. into the Danube. 1. Due tw the damage of process and storage tanks the entire quantity OF finished and untinished Natrium Hypochlorite (NaOCI) spilled first into the tank: farm and then overtlowed to the road \ part of this spilled NaC! was absorbed by the surrounding soil. «1 part reached the Waste Water Treatment Plant via rain and sanitary sewers and a part was durected into the Chlor-alkali plant s lagoon. Ihe total quanitity of this spilt NaOCl was 80 t with mercury content of 0.18 2. Direct hit of the decanter and the destruction of the surrounding equipment caused the electrolyte (water solution of natrium chloride, 310 g/l) spilled into the tray and then overtlowed to the surrounding roads and soil. Fhe lagoon bottom cracked as a consequence of bombing so that s part of its content was absorbed by the soil and a part reached the Waste Water Treatment Plant via the process sewers. ‘The content was 1600 m° of electrolyte with mercury content of 6 mg/l Ihe emtire quantity of caustics (100 1, counted on 100% concentruion) was s (NaOH) stor released into the soil beeause of the cracks in the caustis tank 4, The destruction of the tank for pre-treatment of mercury contaminated waste water caused 1,600 m’ of waste water with mercury content of 38 mgt tw be partly spilled on the ground and partly taken to the lagoon by means of the sewers All quantities of qeated and untreated waste water, electolyte. uatriuny hypo chiorite and other spilled process fluids were directed toward the lagoon, So long 1s the conditions allowed the transportation these collected fluids were transported to the Waste Water Treatment plant, but certain quantity spilled into the soil because of the cracks in the lagoon bottom The estimations show that there were 12,000 m? of fluids with mercury content of 13 mg/l 5. In the cell room the detonations caused the connection between the decomposer nd the pumps to hreak and. as already stated, some 7.8 tof metal mereury was released VINYLCHLORIDE MONOMER PLANT. Vinyl Chloride Monomer plant in “HIP PetroH ja” d.p. Pantevo produces vinyl chloride monomer as a basic product which is further used as a raw material for production af polyvinyl chloride. Viniy Chloride Monomer plant was designed by FORSTER WHEELER (LIVINGSTON) in accordance with the licence of STAUFFER, Ihe plant covers the area of about 3 ha and consists of four sectivns: |. Ethylene additive chlorination section 2, 1.2 dichloroethane cracking section . Hthylene oxychlorination section 4. Storage section. In adktition to these four seetions, VCM plant also has the chovinated derivatives incineration in a LURGU unit ction of heavy and light \t the moment of the first bombing, VCM plant was out of operation and was being prepared for overhauling. However, there were huge quantities of finished products anal semi-produets (VOM. EDC and HCI 33%). the LURGI unit was in operation under the maxinnuin capacity. (On Thursday. 15" April 1999, at 22:45 the missile hit the heat exchanger [1-302 of the osyehforination section (at the height of 12m) and caused the following damayes: MIl reactors in this section are heavily damaged as wel] as the accompanying steam drums. The pipelines are bent out of shape and permanently damaged. All ylass ers totally destroyed and non-usable. [he entire high and ow pressure steam system of oxyehlorination with collectors of condensates aid deuersttor together with its instruments and other equipment is dam inoperable vessels and graphite exelran ed andl Detonations and numerous shell-fragments damaged the insulation and broke all EDC slistillaion columns. Decanters of acid and alkaline EDC washing are damaged :ts well as EDC stripping tauks and the plastic stripper with all accompany i

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