lghfdtL ;]jfdf Gfful/s a8fkqsf] k|of]u

–nIdL ljnf; sf]O/fnf

hgtfn] cfkmgf] ;'/Iff / cfjZos ;]jf pknAw u/fpg hgtfn] /fHo / ;/sf/sf] :yfkgf
ePsf] xf] . k|hftflGqs, clwgfosjfbL, sDo'lgi6, tfgfzfxL h:tf] k|sf/sf] ;/sf/
eP klg Tof] ;/sf/sf] l;4fGttM d'Vo wd{ / st{Jo hgtfsf] ;]jf ug'{ / hgtfsf]
;'/Iff ug'{ xf] . ;/sf/ eg]sf] lgjf{lrt jf a+z kD/k/f jf ljb|f]xaf6 :yflkt /fhgLlts
kbflwsf/L tyf lgo'Qm sd{rf/LtGqsf] of]u xf] . hgtfn] ;/sf/ agfP klg ;/sf/
hgtfnfO{ ;]jf, ;'/Iff / ;'ljwf lbg r'Sb} uof] . sd{rf/LtGqsf] cg'Q/bfoL,
ckf/bzL{ 9Lnf;':tL tyf ;fj{hlgs ;Dkltsf] b'?kof]u ug]{, hgtfdfly zf;g
ug{ pBt x'g] h:tf cfnf]rgfx? eP . sd{rf/LtGqnfO{ lgsDdf eGb} ljsNkx?
Vff]Hg] / ckgfpg] k|of;x? klg eP . sd{rf/LtGqsf ljsNkx? klg k|efjsf/L
aGg ;s]gg\ sd{rf/LtGqsf] g} ;'wf/ u/]/ hfg'k5{ eGg] cjwf/0ffsf] ljsf; eof] .

;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxdf k|lqmofd"ns / kl/0ffdd"ns b'O{ wf/x? 5g\ . k|

lqmofd"ns ;]jf k|jfx wf/n] k|lqmof, ljlw / sfuhkq k'u] gk'u]sf] ;'Id?kdf
x]g]{ ub{5 / hgtfsf] ;'ljwf jf cfkmgf] sfdsf] glthf x]b}{g\ . kl/0ffdd"ns ;]jf
k|jfxsf] wf/n] hgtfsf] ;'ljwf / kl/0ffd xfl;nnfO{ d'Vo dfGb5 . kl/0ffd k|fKt
ug]{ eGb}df k|lqmof / sfg"g ldr]sf] eg] x'b}g\ . kl/0ffd k|fKt ug{ k|
lqmof, ljlw / sfuhkqsf] em~em6nfO{ dfq ;/nLs/0f ub{5 . k|lqmofd"nsaf6
kl/0ffdd"ns ;]jfk|jfxdf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ eg]sf] g} sd{rf/LtGqsf bf]ifx?
sf] ;'wf/ ug'{ xf] .
;fj{hlgs k|zf;gsf] sd{rf/LtGqLo b[li6sf]0fsf] ;'wf/n] gofF ;fj{hlgs
Joj:yfkgsf] cawf/0ffsf] ljsf; eof] . sd{rf/LtGqsf] ;'wf/ ub}{ hgtfnfO{ ;]jf
k|jfx ug]{ ;/sf/L k|lqmof 5f]6\ofpg, hgtfnfO{ gLlhIf]qn] u|fxsnfO{ ;]jf
lbP em} ;]jf lbg / ;fj{hlgs sfo{k|0ffnLdf gLlhIf]qsf ljlzi6 ljlwx? ckgfpg
k|]l/t u¥of] . hgtfnfO{ ;/n / u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf k|jfx ug]{ p2]Zon] ;fj{hlgs k|
zf;gdf ljs]Gb|Ls/0f, gLlhs/0f / sfo{ljlw ;/nLs/0f h:tf l;4fGtg'?k ;'wf/x?
eP . /fHozf;g k|0ffnLdf hgtf d'Vo -lk|lG;kn_ / ;/sf/ Ph]06 ePsfn] hlxn] klg
Ph]06 lk|lG;knk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g'k5{ eGg] dfGotfsf] ljsf; eof] .
gofF ;fj{hlgs ;]jfn] hgtfnfO{ u|fxs dfg]/ xf]O{g ls gful/s dfg]/ ;]jf k|jfx
ug'{ kb{5 eGg] cjwf/0f cufl8 ;fb}{ ;fj{hlgs If]qsf] e"ldsfnfO{{ a9L hf]8
lbof] .

;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxdf cfPsf] gLltut km8\sf]n] ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ gful/ssf] gluh
kx'Frdf k'¥ofpg] hdsf]{ u/]sf]5 . hgtfsf] ;Gt'li6nfO{ pRr k|fy{ldstf
lbPsf]5 . ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gn] hgtfnfO{ cfjZos ;]jfx? lgoldt, u'0f:t/Lo
Kff/blz{?kdf pknAw u/fpg' d'Vo lhDd]jf/L xf] . /fHo zf;g k|
0ffnL / ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxdf kf/blz{tf, pQ/bflotf, ;xeflutf ljs]Gb|Ls/0f /
ljlwsf] zf;gsf] vf]hL eof] . ;'zf;gsf] cawf/0ffsf] ljsf; eof] . o;k[i7e"lddf
a]nfotsf k|wfgdGqL hfg d]h/n] ;g !((! Dff gful/s a8fkqsf] cjwf/0f cufl8
NofP . h:n] a]nfotsf] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxsf] If]qdf cfd"n ;'wf/ / k|efjsfl/tf
Nofof] . To;kl5 ;+;f/sf w]/} b]zx?df gful/s a8fkq ckgfpg yflnof] .

Gful/s a8fkq ;'zf;gsf] cfwf/e"t tTj xf] . Gfful/s a8fkqsf] k|d'v p2]Zo ;/sf/L
;]jf k|jfxnfO{ kf/bzL{, lhDd]jf/ / ;/n agfpg' / hgtfnfO{ k|efjsf/L?kdf k|jfx
ug'{ xf] . ;fj{hlgs lgsfox?n] cfkm'n] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf :ki6?
kdf ;]jfu|fxLn] b]Vg ;Sg] u/L lnlvt?kdf /flvPsf] k|lta4tfnfO{ gful/s a8fkq
elgG5 . csf]{ zAbdf eGg'kbf{, ;fj{hlgs ;]jf tyf j:t'sf] pknAwtf / k|flKtsf]
ljifo pNn]v u/L ;]jfu|fxLsf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu ;]jfk|bfos lgsfodf ;a}n] b]Vg]
u/L 6fFl;Psf] ;"rgfnfO{ gful/s a8fkq elgG5 . ;]jf k|bfos lgsfox?n] ;fj{hlgs
;]jf k|fKt ug{ gful/sn] k'¥ofpg' kg]{ sfuhkq, k|lqmof, ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/, ;]jf k|
fKt ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw / nfut ;DaGwdf PskIfLo?kdf ul/Psf] k|lta4tf xf],
gful/s -;fj{hlgs÷pkef]Qmf, u|fxs_ a8fkq . gful/sx?
nfO{ ;]jf;DaGwL ;';"rLt ug]{ cf}hf/ g} gful/s a8fkq xf] . a8fkqdf ul/Psf]
k|lta4tfx? k'/f ug'{ ;]jfk|bfos lgsfox?sf] d'Vo st{Jo dflgG5 . o;sf/0f gful/s
a8fkq gjLg Joj:yfkg cjwf/0ffsf] Pp6f kf6f] xf] .

pRr:t/Lo k|zf;g ;'wf/ cfof]u, @)$* n] g]kfnsf] ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gdf ;]jf k|

jfxnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg gful/s a8fkq sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg u/]sf]
l;kmfl/; / ;'zf;g -Joj:yfkg / ;~rfng_ P]g @)^$ hf/L ePkl5 lghfdtL ;]jfdf
gful/s a8fkqsf] a}wflgs k|j]z eof] . ;'zf;g ;DaGwL lgodfjnL @)^% df
gful/s a8fkq ;DaGwL sfof{non] lbg] ;]jf / To;sf] k|s[lt, ;]jfu|fxLn] ;]jf k|
fKt ug{ k'/f ug'{kg]{ sfo{ljlw, ;]jf k|bfg ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw, ;]jf k|bfg ug]
{ kbflwsf/L / lghsf] sfo{sIfsf] ljj/0f, ;]jfk|fKt ug{ s'g} b:t'/ tyf cGo /sd
nfUg] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f, k]z ug'{ kg]{ cfjZos sfuhft k|i6 x'g'kg]{ pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .

;fj{hlgs lgsfox?af6 k|bfg ul/g] ;]jfnfO{ hjfkmb]xL / ljZj;gLo t'NofO{ ;]jf

k|bfg ug]{ lgsfo / JolQmnfO{ a9L lhDd]jf/, sfdk|lt pQ/bfoL
agfpFb} ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] gful/s a8fkq /flv a8fkqdf k|lta4tf ul/P
adf]lhd ;]jf k|jfx gePsf] egL ;]jfu|fxLn] ph"/L u/]df Ifltk"lt{ k|bfg ug]
{ u/L @)^( ;fn df3 kGw|| ut]b]lv Ifltk"lt{;lxtsf] gful/s a8fkq;DaGwL lgb]
{lzsf, @)^( klg sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf 5 . lgb]{lzsfcg';f/ ;fj{hlgs lgsfox?n]
cfkm'n] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfdf Ifltk"lt{ k|bfg ug]{ / gug]{ ;]jfx? 5'6ofO{ gful/s
a8fkqdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . lgb]{lzsfcg';f/ sfof{nox?n]
cfkmgf] ;]jf;DaGwL ;a} s'/fx? k|sfzg u/L gful/s a8fkq sfof{Gjogdf
NofPsf 5g\ .

gful/s a8fkqsf] cfjZostf b]zdf ;'zf;g sfod

ug{ dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg gful/s
a8fkqsf] pRr dxTj /xG5 . Gfful/s a8fkqsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjogn] ;/sf/sf]
O{d]h /fd|f] b]vfpF5 . gful/s a8fkqsf] Joj:yfn] ;fj{hlgs lgsfosf] sfo{;~rfng
/ sfo{ljlwdf kf/blz{tf x'g], ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|fKt ug{ xs
clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ePsf] x'g], ;]jfk|bfos lgsfon] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf;+aGwL k|lqmof
tyf cfjZos sfuhkqx?sf] ljifodf hfgsf/L x'g], ;]jfsf] k|s[lt, ;]jf lbg] lhDd]jf/
kbflwsf/L, ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;]jf k|fKt ug{ nfUg] ;do, ltg' kg]{ z'Ns, ;]jf k|
fKtubf{ ePsf] 9Lnf;':tLsf] u'gf;f] ;'Gg] clwsf/Lsf] ;DjGwdf clu|d hfgsf/L
x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf]n] ;]jfk|jfx /fd|f];Fu x'g] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ePsf] x'G5 . o;{y,
gful/s a8fkqn] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf af/]df gful/snfO{ ;';"rLt u/]sf] / hg;Gt'li6
a9fPsf] x'G5 . o:n] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|fKt ug'{nfO{ hgtfsf] xssf] ?kdf :yflkt
u/fPsf] 5 .

gful/s a8fkqn] nf]stGqsf nfex?sf] prLt ljt/0f ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf], ;fj{hlgs
;]jfnfO{ j}1flgsLs/0f u/]sf] tyf ;]jf k|jfxdf kf/blz{tf NofPsf]5 eg] ;]jfu|fxL
gful/snfO{ ;zQmLs/0f klg u/]sf]5 . ;]jfk|bfos / ;]jfu|fxLaLr xflb{s ;DaGw
ljsf; u/]sf] klg 5 . sd{rf/LtGqsf] sfo{bIftf / k|efjsfl/tf a9fPsf] b]lvG5 eg]
sd{rf/LtGqnfO{ pQ/bfoL / g}ltsjfg agfpg an k'¥ofPsf] klg
kfO{G5 . ;fj{hlgs ;]jfk|jfxsf] a8fkq o:tf] dfWod xf] h:n] ;/sf/sf]
5ljnfO{ gful/ssf] aLrdf / hgtfsf cfjZostf / rfxgfx?nfO{ ;/sf/sf] gh/df
k'¥ofpg] ub{5 . ;fy}, gful/s a8fkqn] ;fj{hlgs ;]jfsf] k|efjsfl/tf tyf ;]jf k|
jfxdf kf/blz{tf, pQ/bfloTj, u'0f:t/Lotf a9fO{ ;'zf;g sfod ug{ an k'¥ofPsf]
klg x'G5 .

gful/s a8fkqsf] k|efjsfl/tf gful/ssf] ;Gt'li6df pb\3fl6t x'G5 . Ifltk"lt{ ;lxtsf]

a8fkq cfPkl5 sfof{nosf sd{rf/L s]xL ;t{s ePklg ;]jfu|fxLsf] r]tgfdf a[l4
ePsf] / sd{rf/LnfO{ sfd ePg eGg rfxg] / ;Sg] ;f]+rsf] ljsf; ePsf] eg]
kfO{b}g\ . ;fdfGo ;e]{ ug]{ xf] eg] / vf]Hb} hfFbf ;a}h;f] sfof{nox?df
gful/s a8fkq cfdg] ;fdg], s'gf sfKrfsf leQfdf n]lvPsf] jf Nkm];df n]v]/
6fFluPsf] e]6\6fO{G5 . t/ ;f] gful/s a8fkqdf s] n]lvPsf] 5 :jo+ ;f]xL
sfof{nosf sd{rf/LnfO{ hfgsf/L ePsf] kfO{b}g\ . ;]jfu|fxLn] t z'?df gful/s
a8fkq x]/]sf x'b}{gg\ . x]g]{n] ;f]cg'?k sfd x'G5 eg]/ kTofpFb}gg\ .
kTofP/ sd{rf/LnfO{ eGof] eg] sd{rf/Ln] ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ 6]b}{gg\ . u'gf;f]
ug{ uof] u'gf;f]sf] l5gf]kmgf] t'?Gt} x'b}g\ . sd{rf/L lr9\ofpg dfq} lsg
ug]{ u'gf;f] eGg] klg ;]jfu|fxLsf] dgf]efjgf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

;]jfu|fxLnfO{ gful/s a8fkqdf eP adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] eGg] cfF6 / rfxgf

b'j} b]lvb}g\ . ;/sf/L sfof{nox?df gful/s a8fkq af/]df hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg
km|G68]:s 5}g\ . s'g} sfof{nodf km|G6 8]:s eP sd{rf/L x'b}g\ . sd{rf/L
eP gful/s a8fkq af/]df ;]afu|fxLnfO{ lrQ a'emg] u/L jtfpg ;Sb}gg\ . gful/s
a8fkqcg';f/ ;]jf lbg] lng] ;F:s[ltsf] cefj 5 . dxTjk"0f{ ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfx
ljrf}lnofx?dfkm{t x'g] sf/0f klg gful/s a8fkqsf] Joj:yf dxTjxLg aGg
k'u]sf] xf] . a8fkqsf] sfof{Gjogdf pRr ;/sf/L k|lta4tfsf] ;b}j sdL b]lvG5 .
gful/s a8fkq sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5 5}g\ s;}n] cg'udg ug]{ Joj:yf 5}g\ . gful/s
a8fkqsf] sfg"gL x}lzot klg c:ki6 5 / Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf sd{rf/L t;f{pg]
v]nf] dfq aGg k'u]sf]5 . . o;sf/0f gful/s a8fkqsf] sfof{Gjogdf ck]lIft
pT;fxsf] sdL /xof] . gful/s a8fkq emf/f 6fg]{ jf aRg] lx;fjdf dfq /x\
of] ;kmn sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]g\ . sfof{Gjog / hgtfsf] ;Gt'li6 dfkg ug]
{ s'g} ;"rs 5}g\ . kl/0ffd:j?k gful/s a8fkq leQ]krf{sf] ?kdf ;Lldt x'g k'Uof]
/ ;fj{hlgs ;]jfk|jfxsf] l:yltdf vf;} ;'wf/ cfpg klg ;s]g\ .

gful/s a8fkqsf] k|efjsfl/tf d'Vo?kdf ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, sd{rf/Lsf] Jojxf/, ;]jfu|

xL r]tgf, sfo{k|0ffnL / sfo{jftfa/0fdf lge{/ ub{5 . ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|bfos
lgsfox? s]Gb|, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx;Dd km}lnPsf5g\ . ;fj{hlgs lgsfox? gful/s
a8fkq adf]lhd ;]jf lbg / Jojxf/ ug{ tTk/ x'g'kb{5 . tL lgsfox?n]
gful/snfO{ pknAw u/fpg] ;]jfx? k|lqmofsf] lx;fjn] ;/n, ;dosf] lx;fan]
l56f], kl/0ffdsf] lx;fjn] u'0f:t/Lo, vr{sf] lx;fjn] dLtJooL / sd{rf/Lsf]
Jojxf/sf b[li6n] gful/sd}qL x'g'kb{5 . gful/s a8fkqsf] sfof{Gjogn] ;fj{hlgs
;]jf k|jfx k|efjsf/L x'g] x'G5 . o;sfnflu gful/s a8fkqnfO{ hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L
x'g] ul/ ljB'tLo dfWoddf k|b{zg ug]{, cgnfO{g ;fj{hlgs ;]jf lbg] Joj:yf
ug{'kb{5 eg] sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg;Fu o;sf]]
sfof{GjognfO{ cfa4 klg ug{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

;fj{hlgs ;/sf/L sfof{nox?df gful/s a8fkqsf] ljifodf ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ hfu?s

agfO{ pgLx?nfO{ Gfful/s a8fkqcg';f/ ;]jf k|fKt ug{ ;lqmo agfpg'
kb{5 . ;fy} gLlh If]qsf sfof{nox?df klg gful/s a8fkq /fVg] Joj:yf ug'{
u/fpg' cfjZos b]lvG5 . k|zf;sLo ;dfhdf /x]sf tfn's c8\8f, /fhgLlt1, ;dfh;]jL,
ljrf}lnof / ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfx gful/s a8fkqcg'?k eP gePsf]
cg'udg ug]{ / kIfkf]if0f ug]{ jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug'{kb{5 . Ifltk"lt{;lxtsf]
gful/s a8fkqsf] dfWod hgtfn] ;fj{hlgs lgsfo;Fu k|Zg ug{ / ;]jf k|fKt ug]
{ cfkmgf] xs ePsf] bfjL ug{ ;Sg] / ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] klg hjfkm lbg ;Sg]
jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f eof] eg] Tof] g} gful/s a8fkqsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjogsf] ;"rs
x'g]5 .