Unit Operations And Processes In Environmental Engineering 2nd Edition Textbook Solutions | Chegg.com http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/Unit-Operations-and-Processes-in-Environmental-Engineering-...

Chapter 3, Problem 4P (6 Bookmarks) Show all steps:

Problem

A completely mixed chemical reactor has an influent flow with a concentration of 150 mg/ℓ of A
and a flowrate of 100 gal/min (380ℓ/17min). The reaction is first order, the rate equation is

and the rate constant is 0.40 hr 1

Determine:

a. The required detention time and the volume of the reactor if the effluent contains 20 mg/ℓ of A.
Express volume as gallons and liters.

b. A plot of percent removed or converted versus detention time.

c. How many times larger a completely mixed reactor must be than a plug-flow reactor for 80%
removal or conversion.

d. How many times larger a completely mixed reactor must be than a plug-flow reactor for 90%
removal or conversion.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1 of 11

a)

Calculate the reaction time by using the following relation:

Here, is the effluent concentration of species A from the reactor number 1, and is the
influent concentration of species A in the influent to the first reactor, is the reaction constant,
and is the time.

Substitute for , for , and for .

Therefore, the detention time of the reactor is .

Comment

Step 2 of 11

Calculate required volume of the reactor by using the equation,

Here, is the effluent flow rate and is the residence time.

Substitute for and for .

Therefore, the volume in gallons given = 100 gal/min is

Therefore, required volume of the reactor is .

Comment

Step 3 of 11

b)

Plot the graph between percent removed versus detention time.

The percentage converted, , can be found from the following relation;

Use this formula to create a plot of versus given = 0.40 hr–1.

Comment

Step 4 of 11

c)

Write the ratio between two volumes of different reactors.

For 80% removal, ,

Here, is concentration for the plug flow reactor.

Substitute 0.8 for

Comment

Step 5 of 11

Calculate the plug flow reactor by using the following reaction,

Substitute for and for .

Comment

Step 6 of 11

Calculate the continuously stirred reactor by using the equation,

Substitute for and for .

Comment

Step 7 of 11

Calculate the ratio of volumes by using the following equation,

Substitute for and10 hr for

Therefore, for = 0.4 hr–1 and 80% removal, a continuously stirred reactor must be 2.5 time
greater than a plug flow reactor.

Comment

Step 8 of 11

d)

Write the ratio between two volumes of different reactors.

For 90% removal, ,

Substitute 0.8 for .

Comment

Step 9 of 11

Calculate the plug flow reactor by using the following reaction,

Substitute for and for .

Comment

Step 10 of 11

Calculate the continuously stirred reactor by using the equation,

Substitute for and for .

Comment

Step 11 of 11

Calculate the ratio of volumes by using the following equation,

Substitute for and10 hr for

Therefore, for = 0.4 hr–1 and 90% removal, a continuously stirred reactor must be 3.9 time
larger than a plug flow reactor.

Comment

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