IT 614

Logical Database
Name:Zikun wang ID Number：8260
 01 Library Management System
Overview
02 Details of Three Concept
 Library Management

PART System
• Background
• Activities

01
• Types of Data
• Importance of Data
• Comparison Between DBMS and File Management System
• WHY use RDBMS
• 2-schema vs 3-schema
• Relational Algebra
 Background
 To operate a library with efficiency and at reduced costs.
 Manage the library using a computerized system .
 Help librain record every book transcation.

Library
Management
System Activities
 Book management
 Record issues ( borrow and return)
 Search books
 Types of Data

Books Department
Book_id,Book_name, Book_author
1 6 department_number

Student Issue
student_ID, student_name, 2 5 issue_id, borrow_date, expiry_date,
student_Phone, student_gender Book_id
Staff Return
staff_ID, staff_name, 3 4 return_id, expiry_date,, book_id
staff_department, staff_position,
staff_phone
Importance of Data

1.To eliminate the paper-work in library

2.To record every transaction in computerized system so that problem
such as record file missing won’t happen again
3.Search information of books
4.Analyze the preference of students' reading habit.
Comparison between DBMS and File management System
Why use an RDBMS?

RDBMS is an advance version of DBMS which is used to store and

manage the data that are only to be stored in tables; in the form of
rows and columns.
 2-schema
Two Parts:
1) Client Applications
2) Database

Advantages:
Easy for maintain and modification
Faster communication

Disadvantages:
Degrade upon increasing the users.
Cost-ineffective
 3-schema
Three parts:
1) Client layer
2) Business layer
3) Data layer

Advantages:

Performance
Highly flexible in deployment platform and
configuration
Better Re-use
Berter Data Integrity
Better Security

Disadvantages

Increase Complexity/Effort
 Query statement
SELECT Student_id, Studentname, Phone FROM Student

Relational algebraic expression

πStudent_id, Studentname,Phone(Student)
Relational
Algebraic Student_ id

143481
Studentname

Tony Rogers
PHONE

0208462145

143481 Nat Clint 0208462341

143481 Steve Stark 0208462345

All the students' phone number.

 Query statement
SELECT ISSUE_ID, book_id, Stydent_id FROM WHERE
ISSUE_ID = 1122

Relational algebraic expression

σISSUE_ID=1122( π book_id, Student_id,ISSUE_ID(Issue
Relational Table))

Algebraic ISSUE_ ID

1122
book_ id

110
Student_ id

143481

1122 320 143481

1122 120 143481

A student has borrowed 3 books at a time.

 Query statement
SELECT Student_id, Phone FROM Student WHERE
Student_id= 143481 UNION SELECT ISSUE_ID, Student_id FROM
ISSUE WHERE Student_id=143481

Relational algebraic expression

Relational σStudent_id=143481(πStudent_id,Phone(Student)) ∪
σStudent_id=143481(πISSUE_ID,Student_id(ISSUE))

Algebraic Student_ id PHONE ISSUE_ ID

143481 0208462145 1122

143481 0208462145 1125

143481 0208462145 1129

How many times a student whose id number is 143481 has

issued and his phone number.
 Query statement
Staff EXCEPT Student

Relational algebraic expression

Staff - Student
Relational
Algebraic Staff_id

111001
Staffname

Jay Chou
Staff_address

Hong Kong
Staff_gender

M
Staff_PHONE

0208462134

111002 Jackie Chan Hong Kong M 0208462526

111003 Kobe Bryant California M 0208462652

Some of students can be staff as well.

This Operation shows all the people who are staffs but not
students.
 Details of Three
PART Concept
• Transaction Management

02 • Distributed Database System

• Data warehousing
Transaction Management

Example
ATM

There 3 operations which

can be performed:

• Read/Access data (R).

• Write/Change data (W).
• Commit.
Distributed Database system

Example
Amazon SimpleDB

Feature
• Location independent
• Distributed query processing
• Distributed transaction management
• Hardware independent
• Operating system independent
• Network independent
• Transaction transparency
• DBMS independent
Data Warehousing

Example
Social Media Websites

Feature
• Simple.
• Simple with a staging area.
• Hub and spoke.
• Sandboxes.
Reference List

Lithmee. (2018). Difference Between DBMS and File Management System. Retrieved Jan 19, 2022,
from https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-dbms-and-file-management-system/

STC Admin.(2013). What is Difference Between Two-Tier and Three-Tier Architecture? Retrieved Jan
19, 2022, from https://www.softwaretestingclass.com/what-is-difference-between-two-tier-and-three-
tier-architecture

Transaction Management.(2021).Retrieved Jan 19, 2022, from

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/transaction-management/

Moore,L.(2021). Distributed database.Retrieved Jan 19, 2022, from

https://searchoracle.techtarget.com/definition/distributed-database

Data Warehousing.(2021)Retrieved Jan 19, 2022, from https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/data-

warehousing
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