Linearized Gas Dynamics

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 Find the Eigenvalues:

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Arrange the Eigenvalues from smallest to
largest:

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Eigenvectors:

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Eigenvector corresponding to first Eigenvalue:

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 278

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Similarly for Eigenvector corresponding to
second Eigenvalue:

Eigenvectors:

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 279

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 Hyerbolicity
A system is hyperbolic if matrix A (m x m) has m
real eigenvalues and a corresponding set of m
linearly independent right eigenvectors.

If the eigenvalues are all distinct, the system is

strictly hyperbolic.

If none of the eigenvalues are real, the system is

elliptic.
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 280
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
 Small Perturbation Equations

where:

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 281

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Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
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Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
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Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
 Linear Advection Equation
An Initial Value Problem:

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 286

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Characteristic Curves: Curves in the t-x plane
along which a PDE becomes an ODE

Regard x as a function of t:

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 What is the rate of change of x along t?

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 If the characteristic curve satisfies

Then

Conclusion: u is constant along the

characteristic curve!

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 Defines a 1-parameter family of curves!

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Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
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Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
 The Riemann Problem

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 Based on our previous experience with the
linear advection equation, what kind of solution
do we expect?

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 295

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Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
 Linear Hyperbolic Systems

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Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
 Diagonalisability

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 299

Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
 Characteristic Variables

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 300

Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 301
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 302
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 303
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 304
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
General Initial Value Problems

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 305

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Linear Gas Dynamics Revisited

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 307

Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
 Initial Conditions:

Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 308

Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 309
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 310
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 311
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 312
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 313
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 314
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 315
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra
Fall 2021 Applied Mathematics 316
Lecture 02: Linear Algebra