NEO CLASSICAL PERIOD

FIZZA SHAHID 17084795-017

ZAEEM-UN-NISA 17084795-007
AREEBA SHAFIQ 17084795-026
INTRODUCTION
 The main Neoclassical movement coincided
with the 18th-century Age of Enlightenment, and
continued into the early 19th century, laterally
competing with Romanticism.
 In architecture, the style continued throughout
the 19th, 20th and up to the 21st century.
CHARACTERISTICS
 Neoclassical architecture is characterized by
grandeur of scale, simplicity of geometric forms,
Greek especially Doric (see order) or Roman
detail, dramatic use of columns, and a preference
for blank walls.
 The new taste for antique simplicity represented
a general reaction to the excesses of the Rococo
style.
WHY IS IS CALLED NEO CLASSICAL PERIOD?
The period is called neoclassical because its writers looked back
to the ideals and art forms of classical times, emphasizing even
more than their Renaissance predecessors the classical ideals of
order and rational control.
TYPES OF ARCHITECTURE
Neoclassical buildings can be divided
into three main types.
 A temple style building features a design based
on an ancient temple,
 While a Palladian building is based on Palladio's
style of villa construction.
 The third type is the classical block, or square,
building.
INTERIOR DESIGN
 They include white, cream, gray, yellow, blue,
green and other muted hues. Black, red, silver
and gold may be used as accent colors.
 Most patterns feature low-contrast palettes.

 Furniture: This style is characterized by simple

and symmetrical furniture.

FURNITURE STYLE:
Furniture designed in the Neoclassic
style embraced the bold, straight (rectilinear)
lines of the movement as pure, geometric shape
and form replaced the sinuous (serpentine)
curves of the Rococo period
VILLA ROTANDA

o LOCATION ; ITALY
o YEAR ; 1567-1570
o ARCHITECT ; ANDRIA PALADIO

DESCRIPTION:
The work is inspired in terms of functionality and building
themodel Phanteon Roman medieval painting with elements
influenced by the power of the church, where God is the center
ofeverything in the world and life. House itself is suburban
residencethat served as a meeting place for the aristocracy in the
region ofVicenza and celebration of leisure activities - for the
literary class.In the DOME first they represented religion,
kindness, moderation,and chastity, this represented the side of
the pantocrator which occupies the center of the representation.
CONSTRUCTION:
This represents the typical construction of the aristocracy of thecinque
cento renaissance ; 1) Greek cross plan 2) four identical facades 3) No
distinction of cardinal. Trying to get the heat throughout the house, plant
rotated 45degrees with respect to the four cardinal points. The height and
length of the building are well defined by a system that derives from
Alberti propotion, and ultimately Vitrubio.
The house stands on top of the hill on a base leaving the base-ment to the
kitchen and administration. This is a new type of building designed with
the criteria of absolute simplicity and symmetry . In this town Palladio
implimented the concept of classical villa built as a centralized plant.
Villa contain Terraceand bedrooms, tickets, steps, porches, central board,
Layout ofthe plant outside the hearing show and completely symmetrical
and a perfect match, the four walls are of same proportions andremind
the temples of classical antiquity with a staircase and an Ionic peristyle.
A large central staircase like a Roman temple serves as access.Most
representative galleries with a pronaos with ionic columns,entablature
and thin in its top decorated with classical structuresall reinvented the
classic art. This pattern is repeated in four wallsthat are preceded by a
grand staircase.All sides have the same schedule so we can talk about a
doublesymmetry. In addition the building was rotated 45 degrees
withrespect to the cardinal points for each stay had lighting.
MATERIALS
 MATERIALS Coated brick and stone were used for most
construction. Palladio‘s villas were built with the work of stucco-
covered brick, most of the elements including columns, were of
such material. The stone was reserved for the finest details, such
as bases and capitals of columns and frames of windows or
garrisons. On the podium of the walls of stairs appear Lorenzo
Rubini sculptures representing various classical deities. As
supporting evidence,, the dome of stucco and ceilings are the work
of Augusto Rubino, and frescoses of the dome are made by
Alessandro Maganza.
 THE BRITISH MUSEUM

o LOCATION ; LONDON
o YEAR ; 1780-1867
o ARCHITECT ; SIR ROBERT SMIRKE

 DESCRIPTION:
 British Museum,

in London, comprehensive national museum with

particularly outstanding holdings
in archaeology and ethnography. It is located in
the Bloomsbury district of the borough of Camden.
SOUTH ENTRANCE AND MUSEUM
FORECOURT

 Monumental entrance, with

its stairs, colonnade and
pediment.
 The pediment at the top of
the building is common
feature of classical
architecture.
 In pediment represent
sculpture, painting and
science, geometry and
drama, music and poetry.
 Originally painted with a
blue background.
 CONSTRUCTION

• With its four vast wings, 43 Greek

temple inspired columns,
triangular pediment and enormous
steps,

• The building was completed in

1852, using the latest technology:
concrete floors, a cast-iron frame
filled in with London stock brick,
and Portland stone on the front
layer of the building.
PLAN, ELEVATION & SECTION
 PEDIMENT

• The pediment at the top of the building is common feature of classical

architecture.

• Sir Richard Westmacott was commissioned to produce the sculpture for the
tympanum, the recessed triangular space forming the centre of the pediment, and
his design was to represent the 'Progress of Civilisation'.

• From left to right, they are Architecture, Sculpture, Painting, Science, Geometry,
Drama, Music and Poetry. The original pediment was designed with a blue
background and the statues were all painted white.
COLUMNS
Columns are very important tall structures that support the roof. They come in all
shapes and sizes, but ancient Greek ones come in three main types (or orders) called
Doric, Ionic and Corinthian.

The capital is the top section of the column. It is wider than the rest of the column to
support the weight of the roof, but is often the most interesting part to look at, as they
can be highly decorative

A colonnade is a long row of columns which sometimes, but don’t always, support a
roof. These are usually covered walkways, and are sometimes extensions of the
portico. The Museum has 44 columns in the colonnade.
.
MATERIAL

 include the columns and

pediment at the south
entrance.
 Built on a concrete floor, the
frame of the building was
made from cast iron and filled
in with London stock brick.
 The public facing sections of
the building were covered in a
layer of Portland stone.
 The King's Library
The King's Library (now the Enlightenment Gallery) was built to house King George
III's collection which included more than 65,000 books and had been donated to the
nation by his son, George IV in 1823.

Weston Hall
The patterns and colours on the ceiling of the Weston Hall were borrowed from
classical Greek buildings, which would have been brightly decorated.
 DESIGN
the true heart of the museum is the Reading Room, which stands in the centre of the
Great Court, located behind the entrance building. Built after the original façade and
wings in 1857, the book-keeper prior to the build had the idea of a large grand circle
library that filled the empty courtyard at the centre of the museum.