INDIAN STREET DESIGN

Streets as Public Spaces

 CONTENTS

DESIGN INTENT –
STREETS AS PUBLIC SPACES
EQUITABLE STREETS
ISSUES ON INDIAN STREETS

STREET DESIGN –
PROCESS & PRINCIPLES
BENEFITS

DESIGN OF CHANDNI CHOWK

 STREETS AS PUBLIC SPACES
Streets comprise of a large part of a cityscape
They are the lifeline of a city
They are democratic and should be comfortable and safe for all
JOHRI BAZAAR, JAIPUR
MALL ROAD, SHIMLA
MARINE DRIVE, MUMBAI
GOLDEN TEMPLE ACCESS, AMRITSAR
DARYAGANJ, DELHI
CHANDNI CHOWK, DELHI
EQUITABLE STREETS
Motorised Vehicles
Non Motorised Vehicles
Pedestrians
Vendors
STREETS – MANY USERS AND FUNCTIONS
A street is a very important part of a city and ties together the
various land uses and activities is an urban area. A Street has many
users and accommodates many functions:
Public and Para- Distribution of Urban
Place‐Making Mobility Accessibility
transport/ Parking Utilities
• Quality of Space – • Pedestrians • Entry and Exits to • Bus Stops • Water Supply
Visual and Comfort • Non-Motorised Adjacent Land Uses • Taxi and Auto- • Sewerage
• Conserving Vehicles • Safe for women, Rickshaw Stands • Stormwater
historical • Motor Vehicles children and Elderly • Cycle-Rickshaw Drainage
streetscapes • Public Transport • Easy to Navigate and Stands • Electricity
• Supporting • Para-transport reach destinations • Linkages to Metro • Telecom Lines
traditional activities • Accessible to • Designated Loading
• Emergency • Street lighting
• Public art and Vehicles Persons with and Unloading • Gas Lines
landscape features Disabilities Zones
• Goods Vehicles
• Designated Spaces • Parking Bays for
for Street vendors: Police and
Kiosks and Vending Emergency Vehicles
Zones • Bicycle Parking and
• Amenities: public Hire
toilets, dustbins, • Parking for Personal
Drinking Water, Vehicles
Benches
 INDIAN STREETS – ISSUES
Complex spaces with unique issues
Multiple strata of users such as – cycle rickshaws/push carts/vendors/homeless/cattle
Social functions- religious processions/pandals etc
THE INDIAN STREET
THE INDIAN STREET
THE INDIAN STREET
THE INDIAN STREET
THE INDIAN STREET
THE INDIAN STREET
STREET DESIGN – PROCESS & PRINCIPLES
 STREET DESIGN PROCESS

CLIENT, STAKEHOLDER, USER AND EXPERT INPUT

Identification STREET
of Area of VISION STUDIES AND AREA ANALYSIS IMPLEMENT
NETWORK
Intervention ANALYSIS REPORT ATION
DESIGN
STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Adequate Space Allocation for all Legitimate Users
Durability
and Activities

• USE RIGHT-OF-WAY EFFICIENTLY • Well detailed and Well built

• Uniform carriageway width • Hardy and Durable Materials

• Carriageway Design with Separate MV and NMV • Vandal Resistant

Lanes where required • Plan for future Services and Utilities
• Wide Footpaths for Pedestrians • Easy to Maintain and Repair
• Public Transport: Bus Stops and Bus Bays

• Para-transport: Stands for Cycle-rickshaws, Auto-

Rickshaws and Taxis

• Organize Parking and Loading-unloading Activities

• Designated Spaces for Hawkers

STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Safety Accessibility Quality of Life

• Intersection Design to • Access Ramps and Kerb • Material and Energy

minimize conflict between
users
• Traffic Calming
• Efficient Street-lighting
• Provide for Police and
Emergency Vehicles
• Road Markings
• Segregate fast moving
traffic from slow moving
ones
Cuts
• At-grade Pedestrian
Crossings
• Level Surfaces for Easy
Navigation
• Warning Blocks and
Auditory Signals at
Intersections for the Blind
• Signage and Way-finding
Systems
Efficiency
• Design for Comfort
• Landscaping and Public Art
• Dustbins and Composting
Facilities for Solid Waste
• Providing Amenities such
as Public Toilets, Benches,
and Other Street Furniture
STREET DESIGN - LOGIC
ROAD CHARACTERISTICS STREET SECTION DESIGN
• Large Right-of-Way • Segregate MV and NMV Lanes
• Large Volumes • 2-Way NMV Lanes on both Sides
• High Speeds • Wide Footpaths and MUZs
STREET DESIGN - LOGIC
ROAD CHARACTERISTICS
• Small Right-of-Way
• Large Volumes
• High Speeds

STREET SECTION DESIGN

• Segregate MV and NMV Lanes
• 2-Way NMV Lanes on One Side
• Wide Footpaths and MUZs
• Slow the speed
STREET DESIGN - LOGIC
ROAD CHARACTERISTICS
• Very Small Right-of-Way
• Low Volumes
• Low Speeds

STREET SECTION DESIGN

• Shared MV and NMV Lanes
• Adequate Footpaths
• Adequate PMZs where possible
STREET DETAILS
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
• Correct Geometry
• Safe – Calm Traffic to Safe Speeds,
Provide Refuges
• Legible – Visible and Well Signed, No
Visual Obstructions
• Controlled – Signals, Road markings and
Signage, NO FREE LEFT TURNS
STREET DETAILS
BENEFITS
- INCREASED SAFETY by reducing accidents
- EFFICIENT MOVEMENT by improving flow of traffic
- REDUCE POLLUTION by preventing traffic congestions

- IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE

- ENCOURAGE WALKING & CYCLING

- GREENER CITY by planting avenue trees

- IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY for differently abled people

- ATTRACTS TOURISTS & VISITORS by enhancing the image of a city

STREET DESIGN – CHALLENGES
IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES
ON GROUND
• Getting accurate surveys

• Documented data of existing underground services

• Encroachments on R.O.W such as Temple structures

• Bottlenecks on R.O.W which lead to congestions

• Quality Control
IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES
ON PLANNING PROCESS
• Awareness of best global practices amidst road owning agencies and stakeholders

• Multiple stakeholders have multiple requirements that have to be aligned with the
design and planning process

• Lack of a clear process for approvals from authorized bodies

• Lack of coordination between various agencies

GUIDELINES ON STREET DESIGN
INDIAN
• MOUD – Ministry of Urban Development

• IRC – Indian Road Congress

• UTTIPEC – Unified Traffic and Transportation Infrastructure Planning and Engineering Centre

INTERNATIONAL
• ASVV Recommendations for Traffic Provisions in Built up Areas by CROW
• Design Manual for Bicycle Traffic by CROW
• TFL – Transport for London