MADURA. GENNY M.

What is inconsistency?
The inconsistency fallacy is an argument that includes
a contradiction. The argument is flawed because two distinct
beliefs are both promoted. In other words, the claims
are inconsistent with one another.

Example:
A. Some philosophers of religion argue that the two are inconsistent because God
knows what you are going to do, so you are not free to do otherwise than the
way God has foreseen. Yet presumably the ability to do otherwise than you do
is the essence of your free will. If there's an inconsistency, then you can't have
it both ways. Other philosophers of religion say there is no inconsistency, but
we won't go further into this thicket of dispute.

B. Candace lost her virginity. It was a dark and stormy night. Meanwhile,
walking up the lane toward her was a tall man with a dog. By now you are
suspicious of what I am saying because you were alert to the fact that this
remark is inconsistent with our commonsense knowledge that people can lose
their virginity only once.

What is controversy?
A controversy is a prolonged dispute, debate, or state
of contention, especially one that unfolds in public and involves a
stark difference of opinion. Controversy is a public disagreement
with two sides openly debating. An example of a controversy is a
fight between two famous parents in a custody battle. A debate,
discussion of opposing opinions; strife.

Example:
A. Gun violence has been a heated debate topic in the U.S. for years. Mass
shootings and other acts of gun violence kill nearly 40,000 people every year in
the U.S. The gun control debate largely hinges on interpretations of the
Second Amendment. It reads: "A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to
the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall
not be infringed." Advocates for gun rights argue the "right of the people to
keep and bear arms" means that the government cannot control the possession
of firearms. Thus, they oppose any laws that impact their ability to buy, carry,
or accessorize guns. By contrast, gun control advocates focus on the part of
the Second Amendment that says gun rights are meant to be "well regulated"
by local, state, and federal legislative bodies. They push for stricter gun
control laws, including more extensive background checks, regulations on
 assault weapons, and banning high-capacity magazines. Today, the debate has
escalated due to the high rate of gun violence and the rising frequency of mass
shootings. In 2019, there were 417 mass shootings in the U.S., according to
data from the nonprofit Gun Violence Archive (GVA). The increasing
prevalence of mass shootings has sparked fierce debates about the sale of
assault rifles, background checks for gun buyers, and the connection between
gun violence and mental illness.

B. The abortion debate has long been one of the most controversial topics in the
United States. It centers on a fundamental disagreement over the question of
bodily autonomy, as expressed through a person's right to terminate a
pregnancy. Abortion became legal in every state following the landmark 1973
Supreme Court case of Roe V. Wade. Every state has at least one abortion
clinic, and in 2017, 18% of pregnancies ended in abortion. The debate typically
splits into two common viewpoints — pro-choice and pro-life — which both
wrangle with religious, moral, and philosophical beliefs. The pro-life
perspective argues that life begins at the moment of conception, and therefore
abortion is equivalent to murder. It is seen as an act of violence that can have
physical, emotional, and psychological repercussions, even if the pregnancy
resulted from rape or incest. Pro-life supporters believe that government
intervention to prevent abortions is justified. On the other side, pro-choice
argues that people have the right to choose to have an abortion because they
have bodily autonomy — complete control over their own bodies. They
believe that it is immoral for the government to make medical decisions on
behalf of pregnant people. Thus, the pro-choice perspective opposes federal,
state, or local laws that restrict access, impede funding, or create legal
obstacles for getting an abortion.

References:

Cons, W.C. 1979. Collins English Dictionary. British.

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/controversy

Serva, C. March 9, 2017. The Inconsistency Fallacy: Definition & Examples. Chicago. <a
href="https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-inconsistency-fallacy-definition-
examples.html">The Inconsistency Fallacy: Definition & Examples</a>

Thompson, E. October 6, 2020. 25 Controversial Topics: Position Paper Guide. Washington,

D.C. Https://Thebestschools.Org/Magazine/Controversial-Topics-Research-Starter/