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Deform Able
Deform Able
BODIES
MODULE 1-1
ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL
FORCES
ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL FORCES
𝐹! 𝐹"
Passing an exploratory
section through the
body and exposing the
internal forces acting on
the exploratory section.
𝐹$ 𝐹#
y
𝐹$ 𝑀!#
z
y
Normal Force
Axial Force
𝑃!"
Any force acting along the centroidal axis of a
x body.
o 𝑃!! Note:
𝑀!! Axial Force is always a Normal Force but
𝑃!# Normal Force is not always an Axial Force
𝐹$ 𝑀!#
z
Shear Forces
𝐹! 𝑀!"
These are components of the total resistance to
sliding the portion to one side of the exploratory
𝑃!" section past the other.
x
o 𝑃!! 𝑀!!
𝑃!#
𝐹$ 𝑀!#
z
y
Torque
𝐹! 𝑀!"
This component measures the resistance to
twisting the member.
𝑃!"
Measure of the force that can cause an object to
x rotate about an axis.
o 𝑃!! 𝑀!!
𝑃!#
𝐹$ 𝑀!#
z
y
Bending Moments
𝐹! 𝑀!"
This component measures the resistance of
bending the member about the y or z axes.
𝑃!"
x
o 𝑃!! 𝑀!!
𝑃!#
𝐹$ 𝑀!#
z
Source: