Fourth Quarter- Module 2

Week 2
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the

Development and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

This module will help you learn important science ideas. You will understand these
ideas through various activities.

Below are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do Not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module.
2. Don’t forget to answer What am I good at? before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What’s my target?

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 identify and describe the factors affecting soil erosion
 illlustrate how certain factors affect the amount of soil carried away:
a) slope of land; b) strength and volume of running water c) presence
of land crops; d) dryness and size of soil particles
 describe the effects of soil erosion on living things and the environment
(shape of land; condition of water)
 Prepare/design a plan that could help reduce soil erosion in the
community

What am I good at?

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank before each
number.
_____1. What occurs when topsoil is carried away to other places?
A. conservation B. erosion C. flooding D. transportation
_____2. Landslides on mountain slopes show the force of _________.
A. gravity B.wind C. run off D. running water
_____3. How does wind become an agent of erosion?
A. When it breaks into pieces
B. When it carries rock pieces to other places
C.When it stops picking up rocks
D.When it presses down on rock
_____4. What agent of erosion leads to the formation of sand dunes?
A. gravity B. raindrops C. weathering D. wind
_____5. Which of these contributes to the breaking down of rocks?
A. animal B. plant C. water D. wind
_____6. Which of these human activities may contribute to the breaking down
of rocks?
A. cutting of trees C. mining
B. landscaping D. planting trees
_____7. How do animals breakdown rocks?
A. When animals step on rocks
B. When animals drink water in a pond or lake.
C. When animals search for the food.
D. When animals produce their own kind.

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____8. Which of these does NOT help control soil erosion?
A. Crop Rotation
B. Natural Vegetation
C. Riprapping
D. Weather
____9. Which group are greatly affected when soil erosion happens?
A. Animals and plants
B. Plants and people
C. People and animals
D. Animals, plants and people
____10. How can we prevent soil erosion?
A. Burning trees
B. Cutting down of trees
C. Overgrazing of plants
D. Planting more trees and grasses

Lesson
2 Soil Erosion

What’s to look back?

Directions: Choose the word or phrase from the word list
and write your answer before each number.

landfill weathering
chemical weathering oxidation
mechanical weathering

____________1. It is the breaking down of rocks into fragments.

____________2. An open- pit mine where rocks can be extracted.
____________3. It is the physical wearing away of rocks.
____________4. It is the process of combining oxygen and other
substances.
____________5. It is the changes in the composition of rocks that
allows them to break down into pieces.

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 What will I do?

I. Problems: How running water causes erosion?

What is the effect of the speed of running water on the
rate of soil erosion?
II. What you need: two pans, sprinkler or empty cans with holes,
water, soil, two wooden blocks
III. What to do:
1. Punch hole at the bottom of the disposable baking pans.
2. Fill each baking pan with equal amount of soil.
3. Put the wooden block under one end of each pan to raise it
slightly.
4. Sprinkle water on Pan A, using an empty can with holes. On Pan
B pour heavily, using a can. Observe what happen to the soil in
both pans.

A B

Questions:
1. What happened to the soil in both pans?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

2. In which pan was more soil washed away? Why?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

3. What caused the soil to be moved from one place to another?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

4. How does the speed of running water affect how fast the soil erodes?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

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 What’s the meaning?

Soil erosion is a natural phenomenon. It is the process that wears aways

surface materials and moves from one location to another.

The agents of erosion are water, wind, animals and humans. As water flows,
it carries rocks and soil particles . Wind erosion can take place in any area
where the soil is not compacted. When the wind carrying away loose sediment
is called deflation. Abrasion is the process when wind blows rock particles
away wear down exposed rocks surfaces. Sand dunes are ridges of sand
created by the wind and usually found in deserts.
The amount of soil eroded in by the wind and water depends on the
following factors; climate, character or type of soil, slope of the land surface
and vegetation cover. Vegetation cover is the percentage of soil which is
covered by green vegetation like grass, trees farm crops and all kinds of
plants.
Practices that can help control soil erosion and it harmful effect are natural
vegetation, contour plowing, strip cropping, terracing, crop rotation,
riprapping and reforestion. Natural vegetation is allowing plants and trees
grow naturally without human interference. Contour plowing instead of
plowing up and down farmer should plow across the slope to form ridges.
Strip cropping alternately planting different crops in strips. Terracing involves
planting on terraces or steps built on slopes of mountainside. Crop Rotation
planting crops on the different spot each year. Riprapping chunks of stones
or rocks are arranged on the edge of the slope. Reforestration the act of
renewing forest growth by planting seeds or young trees.

What’s more to do?

Directions: Put a check(  )if the situation shows a good effect of soil
erosion and cross (x ) if not.
_____1. decrease in food production
_____2. pollution of water
_____3. inability of soil to hold water
_____4. change in appearance of mountains
_____5. large masses becoming wonders of nature
_____6. shaping of landforms
_____7. deposition of mine tailings
_____8. formation of soil
_____9. removal of topsoil
_____10. clogging of irrigation canals

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 What did I get?

 Erosion is the process by which rock fragments and soil move from
one place to another.
 Erosion changes the size and shape of the land.
 Soil and other materials moved by erosion are called sediments.
 The higher the slope, the more soil erosion occurs.
 Plants and forest prevent soil erosion.
 Mine tailings are poisonous .They are eroded from mining sites .They
can harm plants, animals and humans.

What can I show?

Directions: Choose the best answer inside the box by filling out the blanks.

slope type climate plants

Rainfall, snow, and seasonal changes can erode soil faster.

Soil erosion is affected by ______________.
Sand and silt erode faster than clay and loam.
Soil erosion is affected by the ___________of soil.
Steep slopes erode soil faster than flat land.
Soil erosion is affected by the _________ of the land.
Land without plants on the surface erodes faster than those with
vegetation cover.
Soil erosion Is affected by the presence of __________.

How’s my target now?

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

____1. Which of these is the good effect of soil erosion?
A. clogging of irrigation C. deposition of mine tailings
B. decrease of food production D. shaping of landforms
____2. Heavy rains were experienced last night. When David woke up this
morning, he noticed that there was mud in their front yard. What agent of
erosion caused this?
A. animal B. human C. water D. wind
____3. How does human worsen soil erosion?
A. by planting C. by hunting animals in the forest
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 B. by building houses D. by cutting of trees
____4. Which process refers to the movement of soil from one place to
another?
A. erosion B. depositon C. landscaping D. weathering
____5. What agent of erosion caused the dust on the window?
A. animals B. human C. water D.wind
____6. Which of these materials is transported by erosion?
A. rocks B. sediments C. soil D. water
____7. How does human contribute to soil erosion?
A. when we walk C. strong wind
B. heavy rainfall D. burrowing animals
____8. How does erosion affect the land with steeper slope?
A. rock formation
B. possible landslide and rockslide
C. breaking down of rocks
D. all of the above
____9. What agent of erosion contributes to the formation of sand dunes?
A. animals B. plants C. water D. wind
____10. How do roots of the trees help in controlling soil erosion?
A. They keep the soil more intact.
B. They go deep down the ground.
C. They absorb the nutrients from the soil.
D. They scatter the soil on the ground.

What else can I do?

A. Make a plan of activity that could help reduce soil erosion in the
community.

B.Directions:Click the link or type it on a browser and answer the

questions. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nwr_IAZHf1k)

1. How do forest play a vital role in controlling soil erosion?

2. How can you help in restroring our denuded forests so as to help control

soil erosion?

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 References
Sarte,E, Garcia E., Lopez, M., Dela Cruz,M., and Arradaza, H.(2016).

Science Beyond Boarders 5, Quezon City, Philippines: Vibal Group, Inc.

Larisma, E.T.; Mariano, Jan J. M.;Apolinario, N.A;ans Santos Gil n.D.(2017)

The New Science Links 5, Rex Book Store

Ferrer,D.L;Mingoa,T.R.;Padua, A.L; and Joaquin, C.C.(2016)Science and You

5, Araneta Ave. Quezon City. Vibal Group, Inc.

Del Prado, Natividad A.;Salandanan, Gloria G.;C.C. (2009) The Wondferful

World Of Science 4,FNB Educational, Inc.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nwr_IAZHf1k Acceseed March 1, 2021

 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE FOR HYBRID MODULE

Chairperson: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM – OIC-SDS

Vice-Chairperson: DR. GEORGE P. TIZON – SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA – CID Chief

Ex-Officio Members: EDUCATION PROGRAM SUPERVISORS

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS

Secretariat: QUINN NORMAN O. ARREZA

Team Leader/Facilitator: DR. DANILO S. GUTIERREZ

Writer: CATHY G. ECHIVERRI

Content Evaluators: DR ELVIRA B. BAGACINA
MARIA PILAR M. IRUPANG
Language Evaluators: MARIA DINAH T. DEGOLLADO
ELVIRA D. KHALID
NELDA R. ANDUYAN
Illustrator: SARAH JANE D. TAGLINAO
Lay-out Artist: SARAH JANE D. TAGLINAO

Content Validator: MARIA PILAR M. IRUPANG

DR ELVIRA B. BAGACINA
Format and Language Validators: PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS
REPRESENTATIVES
School Head In-charge: JOSEFINA R. GRANADA (Primary)
DR. MA. CHERYL S. FERNANDEZ (Intermediate)
EPS In-charge: DR. MARIVIC T. ALMO, EPS – SCIENCE
DR. DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig City and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph