CHAPTER 5

MACRO PERSPECTIVE
OF TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY

GIANNE LYRISH RACO

1. What is the role of government authorities in restoring tourist

confidence in the Philippines?
Formulate tourism policies, plans and projects for the development of
tourism as an engine of socioeconomic and cultural grow
Supervise and coordinate the implementation of tourism policies, plans and
project
Ensure the proper coordination, integration, prioritization and
implementation of local tourism development plans with that of the National
Government
Provide an integrated market development program to attract people to visit
The Philippines and enhance the prestige of the country and the Filipino
people in the international community

2. List 4 Philippine Tourist Attractions you like to visit and guess

which category of tourist attractions they belong to. (Use the Table
format on pp. 138 of the Module of Macroperspectives of Tourism
and Hospitality)

Philippine’ DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF TOURIST ATTRACTION

s Please use a check for each separate category of tourist attractions
Tourist Natural Historic Cultur Religious Architect Special Entertain-
Attractions landsca al e and u-ral items ment
I like to pe remain And sacredobje sites and andleisure,sp
visit s custo cts progra orts,
ms and sites ms activities
1. Calle
Crisologo, √ √ √
Vigan
2.
Kayangan √
Lake,Coro
n,
Palawan
3. Banaue
RiceTerrac √ √
es,
Ifugao
4. Cloud 9,
Siargao √ √

3.Have you gone to Rizal (Luneta) Park? What do you think of this
attraction?
Ive been there when I was in grade 11 senior high school and I think Luneta
Park features a lot of great attractions also, I visited the Rizal Monument, A
58-hectare park, National Museum of the Philippines, Relief Map of the
Philippines, Chinese and Japanese Gardens, Monument of Lapu-Lapu,
Kilometer Zero, Manila Baywalk. There are many things to do in Luneta Park
at night and day so when I was there I really enjoyed those attractions I see.

4. Enumerate at least five (5) examples of establishments belonging

in each of the areas in the Private Sector.
 Transportation
 Hospitality Business
 Food and Beverage
 Travel Trade
 Activities and Attractions

5. Hayley and her friends will be going to Enchanted Kingdom next

week for a whole day. They live in Sta. Mesa, Manila. Enumerate the
different tourism related establishments that they will encounter
and experience and identify what type of establishment is it.
THESE ARE THE OTHER WAYS ON HOW TO GET FROM STA.MESA, MANILA TO
ENCHANTED KINGDOM
1) Manila to Enchanted Kingdom by Private Car
Going to Enchanted Kingdom by a private car will gve you many advantages
as you have the freedom to do whatever you desire. You can stop over to
buy foods from restaurants or even in gasoline stations that have food stalls
within itstop over to buy foods from restaurants or even in gasoline stations
that have food stalls within it.

Manila to Enchanted Kingdom by Private Car

From Metro Manila, take Santa Rosa exit on South Luzon Expressway. After
paying the toll fee, turn left and continue driving until you reach an
intersection. At the intersection, you will see Waltermart Santa Rosa. Turn
right and continue driving until you see Enchanted Kingdom on the right
side.

Manila to Enchanted Kingdom by Bus

From Cubao (Quezon City) or Pasay, board a bus to Balibago. The fare is P60
– P70. Get off at Waltermart Santa Rosa. From Waltermart, you can hire a
tricycle straight to Enchanted Kingdom. The fare is P10/person or P40 for the
special trip. Travel time from Manila to EK is 1-2 hours, depending on the
traffic situation. Here are the bus companies serving the Manila – Balibago
route:
JAC Liner
Trip Schedule: 4:00 AM – 9:00 PM (Cubao) / 4:00 AM – 11:00 PM
(Buendia)
 JAM Liner
Trip Schedule: 3:00 AM – 10:00 PM (Cubao) / 5:00 AM – 10:00 PM
(Buendia)
Manila to Enchanted Kingdom by Commute
Ride a bus passing by Balibago, Laguna at Pasay City near Buendia LRT
station Bus. Fare is around P60 and travel time will take 45 minutes to 1
hour.  Drop by Waltermart in Sta. Rosa, Laguna and ride a tricycle to
Enchanted Kingdom.

Driving a public transportation can give you more access into seeing the
establishments you will encounter while traveling because you just have to
sit and wait until you reach your destination. Below are the establishments
that you may encounter going to Enchanted Kingdom from Sta. Mesa, Manila
Bacood Park Sta. Mesa- Public Park
STI Academic Center Sta. Mesa- Educational Institution
Land Transportation Office- Government Institution
PAG-IBIG Office- Government Institution
Dumlao Sports Center- Sports Establishment
PCSO Main Office- Government Institution
Starmall EDSA Shaw- Commercial Establishment
VRP Medical Center- Hospital
Nuestra Señora de Gracia Church- Established Church
LTO Driver’s License Renewal Office- Government Institution
MMDA Traffic Institute- Government Institution
DepEd Makati Division Office- Government Institution
Forbes Park- Public Park
Makati Garden Club- Public Park
Iranian Embassy- Government Institution
PCSO Main Office- Government Institution
Starmall EDSA Shaw- Commercial Establishment
VRP Medical Center- Hospital
Nuestra Señora de Gracia Church- Established Church
LTO Driver’s License Renewal Office- Government Institution
MMDA Traffic Institute- Government Institution
DepEd Makati Division Office- Government Institution
Forbes Park- Public Park
Makati Garden Club- Public Park
Iranian Embassy- Government Institution
Philippine State College of Aeronautics- Educational Institution
TESDA National Capital Region- Educational Institution
PhilHealth Parañaque- Government Institution
Ospital ng Muntinlupa- Hospital
Asian Hospital and Medical Center- Hospital
Muntinlupa Polytechnic College- Educational Institution
Muntinlupa Christian Church- Established Church
Regional Trial Court- Government Institution
Sta. Rosa Commercial IT Park- Public Park
Philippine State College of Aeronautics- Educational Institution
TESDA National Capital Region- Educational Institution

PhilHealth Parañaque- Government Institution

Ospital ng Muntinlupa- Hospital
Asian Hospital and Medical Center- Hospital
Muntinlupa Polytechnic College- Educational Institution
Muntinlupa Christian Church- Established Church
Regional Trial Court- Government Institution
Sta. Rosa Commercial IT Park- Public Park

Activites to do inside Enchanted Kingdom

There are certain activities that you can do while inside the famous
Enchanted
Kingdom. There are activities that can bring out your adventurous side such
as its well-known thrilling rides and also there are restaurants and food stalls
that can satisfy your tummy. You can also bing home with you the memories
by visiting as well as buying souvenirs from shops inside the amusement
park. Below are the activities you can do inside Enchanted Kingdom

The 7D Interactive Motion Theater

is the first of its kind in the Philippines. It features the new XD Dark Ride, a
7D Interactive Light Gun Motion Ride that offers an incredible multi-sensory
interactive adventure, players are equipped with light guns that are used to
fight off and defeat on-screen characters, scoring points in the process. It
redefines the motion simulation theater category by combining 3D Graphics,
state-of-the-art motion technology and 4D Effects with multi-player gaming
action.

Anchors Away
casting off on a pirate ship and sail over imaginary waves in pendulum
motion. This ship can accommodate up to fifty (50) riders and from full stop,
swings back and forth until it reaches a maximum angle of 70 degrees.

The Disk-O-Magic
is a fun and breathtaking family ride that takes its riders on a spinning and
rocking adventure of motion. This state-of-the art ride from Italy has twenty-
four (24) motorcycle-like pedestal seats that maximize visual impact for
onlookers and riders alike.

The EKstreme Tower

This thrill ride gives guests a breathtaking view of the expanse surrounding
Enchanted Kingdom. The EKstreme Tower takes the rider a minute to get to
the top almost 40 meters high before suddenly dropping at 76 kph. This ride
will leave you screaming your lungs out for more.

The Space Shuttle

is a thrilling roller coaster ride that turns guests upside-down 6 times – 3
times forward and 3 times backward – all in two minutes! With 28 seats in
seven (7) coaches to choose from, guests will surely experience the
exhilarating encounter with gravity, whichever seat is selected.

The Rio Grande Rapids

Rushing over rough waters onboard a rubber raft is no tame experience. The
Rio Grande Rapids is an exhilarating family (or group) ride that has guests
constantly catching their breath while traversing raging white water. Each of
the eleven (11) circular rafts can seat 8 riders for this awesome and
refreshing water adventure.

6. Niklaus and Elijah will be travelling abroad to see their mother.

They live in Pasig City. Enumerate the different tourism related
establishments that they will encounter and experience and identify
what type of establishment is it.

Manila to Abroad
Route 1: Jeep-Bus
From Divisoria, Sta. Cruz, or Quiapo, ride a jeep to Baclaran via Taft Avenue,
and get off at EDSA corner Taft Avenue.
Ride a bus to MIA/NAIA.
Route 2: LRT1-Bus
Take the LRT1 to EDSA station.
Exit the station.
Turn right at Taft Avenue, and walk about 1 block, past Metropoint Mall, until
you get to EDSA.
Ride a bus to MIA/NAIA.
Riding a public transportation can give you more access into seeing the
establishments you will encounter while traveling because you just have to
sit and wait until you reach your destination. Below are the establishments
that you may encounter going to Enchanted Kingdom from Sta. Mesa, Manila
Manila City Hall – Government Institution
National Museum of the Philippines – Industrial Museum
Rizal Park - Public Park
Museo Bata - Industrial Museum
Bailey Corporation – Corporate Establishment
Light and Hope Overseas Placement Agency - Corporate Establishment
Reneto Restaurant – Service Establishment
Eastern Dr. Medical Services - Hospital
The Heritage Hotel Manila – Accomodation Establishment
Roxas Sefront Garden – Public Market
Baclaran Market – Public Market
Nuwa Hotel, City of Dreams Manila – Accomodation Establishment
Tambo Elementary School, Main – Educational Institution
Sweet Ideas Café – Service Establishment
NAIA Terminal 1

7. By using Google Scholar, make a Literature Review on the current

roles of the different sectors of tourism industry in the Philippines
and in the world.

Introduction
To combat COVID-19, the Philippine government has taken various measures
including the passing of the Bayanihan 1 Act to fight COVID-19, formation of
interagency task force on COVID-19, quarantine measures, economic
lockdown, establishment of COVID-19 testing, quarantine and treatment
facilities, and the passing of the Bayanihan Act 2 for the 3-phase economic
recovery plan. This study strives to investigate the effect of lockdown on
seven lakes of San Pablo City, Philippines. Results shows that, lockdown
measures have both positive and negative impacts in the seven lakes.
Aquaculture and ecotourism activities were greatly reduced providing
opportunity for the lake ecosystem to rebound. Locals observed that the
lakes had better water quality and increased fish populations. However,
these reduced anthropogenic activities negatively affected the livelihood and
social well-being of the local communities. The City Tourism office provided
training on alternative livelihood strategies under the ‘new normal.’ Lessons
from COVID-19 include good governance towards building resilience of local
communities and ecosystems.
The Philippine President initially announced a partial lockdown in Metro
Manila beginning at midnight of March 15, 2020. This covered 16 cities and
municipalities. There were suspensions of all air, land, and sea travel to and
from Metro Manila. The alert level for the coronavirus has been raised to its
maximum level. Further, with the rapid increase in the number of COVID-
positive cases in nearby provinces, the President placed the entire Luzon
island in lockdown on March 16, 2020. The enhanced community quarantine
(ECQ) was imposed in all provinces of Luzon. This is equivalent to total
lockdown. Only establishments offering basic goods and services were
allowed to operate. Strict confinement in all households was imposed, public
transportation was suspended, and uniformed personnel such as police and
military were designated to enforce stringent isolation measures Work in all
government offices and private companies were strictly operated by skeletal
force. Only frontline health workers, authorized government officials, and
humanitarian and medical services were allowed movement.
The daily record of COVID-cases in the country is shown in Fig. 23.1. As of
August 30, 2020, the reported that the number of cases in the country was
already at 217396. Out of the total confirmed cases, there were 56473 or
26.0% active cases, 157403 or 72.4% have recovered, and 3520 or 1.6%
have died. DOH likewise announced 655 recoveries on that day, bringing the
total number of recoveries to 135101. The top regions with cases in the
recent two weeks were the National Capital Region (NCR) (1648 or 54%),
Region 4A (CALABARZON) (560 or 18%), and Region 3 (222 or 7%). The daily
record of COVID-19 cases in region 4A (Fig. 23.2) shows increasing number
of cases starting from June 2020.

Work in all government offices and private companies were strictly operated
by skeletal force. Only frontline health workers, authorized government
officials, and humanitarian and medical services were allowed movement.
The daily record of COVID-cases in the country is shown in Fig. 23.1. As of
August 30, 2020, the reported that the number of cases in the country was
already at 217396. Out of the total confirmed cases, there were 56473 or
26.0% active cases, 157403 or 72.4% have recovered, and 3520 or 1.6%
have died. DOH likewise announced 655 recoveries on that day, bringing the
total number of recoveries to 135101. The top regions with cases in the
recent two weeks were the National Capital Region (NCR) (1648 or 54%),
Region 4A (CALABARZON) (560 or 18%), and Region 3 (222 or 7%). The daily
record of COVID-19 cases in region 4A (Fig. 23.2) shows increasing number
of cases starting from June 2020.

The study aimed to forecast the total earnings lost of the tourism industry of
the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic using seasonal autoregressive
integrated moving average. Several models were considered based on the
autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation graphs. Based on the Akaike's
Information Criterion (AIC) and Root Mean Squared Error,
ARIMA(1,1,1)×(1,0,1)12 was identified to be the better model among the
others with an AIC value of −414.51 and RMSE of 47884.85. Moreover, it is
expected that the industry will have an estimated earning loss of around
170.5 billion pesos if the COVID-19 crisis will continue up to July. Possible
recommendations to mitigate the problem includes stopping foreign tourism
but allowing regions for domestic travels if the regions are confirmed to have
no cases of COVID-19, assuming that every regions will follow the stringent
guidelines to eliminate or prevent transmissions; or extending this to
countries with no COVID-19 cases.

Body
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry in the Philippines was
one of the highest contributors to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the
country. The tourism industry contributed a much higher percentage to the
country's GDP and employment rate in 2019 compared to the previous
years. However, the pandemic slowed down the travel and tourism industry
as countries, including the Philippines, imposed travel bans, closed borders,
and implemented quarantine protocols (Gossling et al., 2020). To prevent the
spread of the virus, governments worldwide have acted by closing the entire
nation of the most impacted cities and banning entry from its borders, which
significantly affects the global tourism industry. Likewise, the current crisis
could adversely affect the other sectors interacting with the tourism
industry. Skare et al. (2020) measure the effect of COVID-19 on the global
travel and tourism industry as a result of the outbreak of the pandemic
during 2020–2021, which shows that the tourism sector will fall on average
from −2.93% points to −7.82 of the total GDP contribution while
employment from the industry will decline by −2.44% to −6.55%.
Consequently, the Tourism Industry will be forced to cast aside product
development and formulate efforts to bring consumer experience by growing
tourist confidence and reducing perceived risks of traveling.