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A Field Report Writing ON Liquidity Postion OF Citizen Bank International LTD Kathmandu, Nepal
A Field Report Writing ON Liquidity Postion OF Citizen Bank International LTD Kathmandu, Nepal
ON
LIQUIDITY POSTION
OF
Submitted To:
Office of dean Faculty
of Management
Purbanchal University
Biratnagar
Submitted By:
Smita Shrestha
Symbol No:
Of
April,2014
Acknowledgement
This report has been prepared in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Bachelor Administration (BBA) 5th semester. I would like to express my gratitude
to Purbanchal University for providing me with a great opportunity of preparing this
project report in accordance to its syllabus. I was very much anxious, and excited writing
a report of this kind, first time ever in my career. What so ever the situation, this report is
finally prepared with the help and guidance from my teachers and friends. I highly
appreciate and honor the efforts of Purbanchal University to develop required attitude,
abilities and practical skills in students which constitute a foundation for their
competent and responsibilities business managers.
I would like to thanks those who help in this project report .My thanks go to lectures of
field report whose valuable suggestion and advices guided to the completion of
this report.
And lastly I would like to thanks staffs of Citizen Bank International Ltd
for co-operation in providing all the necessary information and data for preparing this
report.
Thank you,
Recommendation
Acknowledgement
Abbreviations
Page no
Chapter I: INTRODUCTION 1
Title
1.1General background 1
1.1.1Introduction of banks 1
1.1.2 Commercial banks in Nepal 2
1.1.3 Introduction of Citizen Bank International Ltd 2-3
1.1.4 List of Commercial bank in Nepal 4-5
1.1.5 Branches of CBIL 5-6
1.1.6 Nature of study 7
2.1.1Financial Analysis
3.1 Summary 29
3.2 Conclusion 29
3.3 Recommendation 30
Bibliography
Annex
ABBERVATIONS
& And
% Percentage
No Number
FY Fiscal Year
Return on Assets
LIST OF TABLES
Table No Title Page No
LIST OF FIGURES
Websites:
www.ctznbank.com
www.google.com
www.financialmarket.com
pg. 8
CHAPTER –I
INTRODUCTION
1.1GENERAL BACKGROUND
According to Scholars, “The bank is defined as factory of money for credit where it does
not purchase goods and sells it rather produces credit inform of deposit and sells
it inform of loans.” Thus in conclusion, we can say that bank is an organization
which deals with the monetary transactions for the mobilization of idle money or
deposits in productive sectors, is essentially essential for the development of the whole
net.
pg. 9
1.1.2 COMMERCIAL BANK IN NEPAL
The history of financial and economic development in Nepal is not very old. It has gone
through different stages, during the PM Ranodip Singh around 1972 A.D. “TEJARATH
ADDA” was introduced, which brought a reform in economic and financial section. The
main purpose of “TEJARATH ADDA” was to provide credit facilities to the
general public at confessional rate. However the installment of “KHUSI KHANA” as a
banking agency during the king Prithivi Narayan Shah could also be regarded as
the first step towards banking in Nepal. After that the first commercial bank of Nepal,
Nepal bank Limited (NBL) was lunched with the cooperation of imperial bank of India in
November
1937. Holding 51% government equity. The second commercial bank, Rastriya Banijya
bank come into existence in 1966 A.D. with 100% government ownership. In early 1980,
to meet the need of health completion in the financial system, Nepal allowed to entry of
foreign banks as joint ventures with up to maximum of 50% equity participation.
Nepal Arab bank limited was the first joint venture bank which was established with the
joint venture of Arab bank emirates in 1984. in 1986, Nepal grind lays bank limited (now
chartered bank limited) entered in Nepali financial market as a joint venture with ANZ-
Grind lays.
pg. 10
the economic growth and development of this nation. Today’s bank plays a vital role for
the economic development of the country Massive changes and developments have
taken
pg. 11
place during the past two decades in the financial sector. Amidst all these changes, for
economic growth and development of New Nepal, Liberalization, Privatization and
Globalization in this sector has given birth to the largest commercial bank,.
It is managed by a team of experienced bankers and professionals It provides
various banking services to a wide range of customers including banks, insurance
companies, industrial trading houses, airlines, hotels, and many other sectors
Vision
To be the leading bank known for its service excellence in the
region.
Mission
To be a trustworthy partner for the progress of individuals and institutions by designing,
producing and delivering the best financial solutions. The Bank will constantly strive to
inculcate in its services five corporate values as follows:
Customer Focus
we are committed to meet the financial needs of our customers and exceed their
expectations through innovative solutions.
Service Excellence
we promise to deliver customer centered products and services par excellence.
Human Resource
We employ bright, honest, helpful and pleasant people. We nurture and empower them
to achieve their full potential.
Corporate Governance
We believe in being accountable, conducting business ethically and maintaining
transparency.
Social Responsibility
We are committed to take social initiatives for the development of the nation.
pg. 11
1.1.4 LIST OF COMMERCIAL BANK IN NEPAL:
S.No. Name of commercial banks
1 Nepal Bank ltd.
2 Rastriya Banijya Bank Ltd.
3 Agriculture Development Bank Ltd.
4 Nabil Bank Ltd.
5 Nepal Investment Bank Ltd.
6 Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Ltd.
7 Himalayan Bank Ltd.
8 Nepal SBI Bank Ltd.
9 Nepal Bangladesh Bank Ltd.
10 Everest Bank Ltd.
11 Bank of Kathmandu Ltd.
12 Nepal Credit and Commercial Bank ltd.
13 Lumbini Bank Ltd.
14 Nepal Industrial and Commercial Bank Ltd.
15 Machhapuchre Bank Ltd.
16 Kumari Bank Ltd.
17 Laxmi Bank Ltd.
18 Siddhartha Bank Ltd.
19 Global Bank Ltd.
20 Citizens Bank International Ltd.
21 Prime Commercial Bank Ltd.
22 Sunrise Bank Ltd.
23 Bank of Asia Nepal Ltd.
24 DCBL Bank Ltd.
25 NMB Bank Nepal Ltd.
26 Kist Bank Ltd.
27 Janata Bank Nepal Ltd.
28 Mega Bank Nepal Ltd.
29 Commerce and Trust Bank Nepal Ltd
30 Civil Bank Ltd.
31 Century Commercial Bank Ltd.
Source:” www.nrb.org.np”
pg. 12
Bara Pathalaiya, Pipra Simra – 9
Bhaktapur Khauma-15
Dhanusa BhanuChowk-2
Lalitpur Chayabahal-2
pg. 13
Rupandehi Butwal Branch,Pushpalal Park
Liquidity is the availability of cash amount and at the time of needed at a reasonable cost.
Liquidity can be defined as bank’s capacity to pay cash in exchange of deposits.
And assets is said to be liquid when it is readily converted into cash with little or no
capital loss or price deprecation.
It is the status & part of the assets which can be used to meet the obligation of the banks.
Commercial bank holds liquid assets balances in the form of currency, bank
balance, marketable securities and other assets immediately convertible into cash.
Liquidity can be viewed in terms of liquidity stored in the balance sheet and in terms of
liquidity available through purchase funds.
Commercial banks need liquidity to meet loan demand and deposit withdrawals such as:
pg. 14
Repay deposits:
The various deposits taken by bank are repayable on demand or fixed maturity along with
interest, so demand for liquidity arises.
Banks carry out off balance sheet activities like letter of credit, acceptance,
guarantee, forward exchange contract etc. For carrying out all those activities, the
bank needs sufficient liquidity.
The main profit earing function of banks is by giving loans and advances. Some loans are
disbursed at once while some loans are withdrawn by the customers as per their
requirement.
To meet foregoing demands for liquidity, banks can draw upon several potential sources
of supply. The most important sources is receipt of new customer deposits, both
from newly opened accounts and from new deposits placed in exiting accounts.
Another element in the supply of bank liquidity from customers repaying their loans.
These various sources of liquidity demand and supply come together determine
each bank’s net liquidity position at any moment in time.
pg. 15
1.2 Area of study
Liquidity ratios are used to determine a company’s ability to meet its short-term debt
obligations. Investors often take a close look at liquidity ratios when performing
fundamental analysis on a firm. Since a company that is consistently having
trouble meeting its short-term debt is at a higher risk of bankruptcy, liquidity ratios are a
good measure of whether a company will be able to comfortably continue as a going
concern any type of ratio analysis should be looked at within the correct context. For
instance, investors should always look at a company’s ratios against those of its
competitors, its sector and its industry and over a period of several years. In this
issue’s Fundamental Focus, we investigate liquidity ratios using time-series analysis,
competitive analysis and sector and industry analysis.
pg. 16
The demands for bank liquidity are rarely equal to the supply of the liquidity at any
particular moment in time. The bank must continually deal with either a
liquidity deficit or liquidity surplus.
The method which is use in the research is called research methodology. How the data is
collected and which source the research use for getting the data is under the
research methodology. Research methodology covers the data analysis tools as well.
It helps in carrying out the entire research work in desired way.
pg. 17
The primary data, which are collected directly from the question answer, direct
interview with customer and office staffs.
The secondary data are collected from respective annual reports especially from
the Citizen bank web sites and various other journals and from security bond
Nepal (SUBO) and Nepal stock exchange (NEPSE).
Primary data:
Primary data are those fresh and original data, which are collected and recorded by the
investigator or researcher. They are collected from face to face dealing with the investors
and members in the organization.
.Secondary data:
Secondary data are those data that have been collected earlier for some purpose.
These data are borrows from others who have collected them for some purpose.
This fieldwork report is total based on the secondary data. The sources of
secondary data are as follows:
CBIL Reports.
Website of CBIL, www.ctznbank.com
pg. 18
1.6.5 Data collection procedure
As stated earlier, this report is purely based on secondary data annual report of the bank
for the study. This report is prepare by using real data obtained from various sources like
financial news newspaper, magazine of commercial work and annual report.
Data analysis tools means which tools the research used for present and analyzed
the data. The main tools of analysis are mathematical and statistical tools. In this
reports statistical and financial ratio tools is used for data analysis. Mean and
correlation is calculated for analysis the data as statistical tools
pg. 19
Ratios are calculated on the basis of past data. Therefore, they don’t
provide complete information for future forecasting.
Chapter-II
2.1Data presentation
2.1.1Financial Analysis:
The process of evaluating businesses, projects, budgets and other finance-related entities
to determine their suitability for investment. Typically, financial analysis is used to
analyze whether an entity is stable, solvent, liquid, or profitable enough to be invested in.
When looking at a specific company, the financial analyst will often focus on the income
statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. In addition, one key area of financial
analysis involves extrapolating the company's past performance into an estimate of the
company's future performance. Financial analysis can be performance by insiders or by
parties outside the firm visa creditors, investors, government, financial analysis and
others. The primary tools of the financial analysis are financial ratio.
pg. 20
But the reporter isn’t subject to calculation of financial ratio.by the topic. The report is
limited to the calculation of the set of commonly used liquidity ratios and
integrated models analyzing the liquidity position. Generally, the liquidity position is the
key of the creditors to know the firm’s ability to meet there claim over the short
period of time. However the analysis in this report is not interested in analyzing the
firm’s ability to meet their current obligation.
pg. 22
4. Profitability ratios
5. Market value ratios
Liquidity ratios measure the firm’s ability to meet current obligations.
Leverage ratios show the proportions of the debt & equity in financing the firm’s asset
this ratio is known as debt management ratio.
Activity ratio also known as asset management ratios, measure how effectively the firm
managing its assets.
Profitability ratios measure the overall performance & the effective ness of the firm. It
shows the combined effects of the liquidity, assets management and debt management on
operating results.
pg. 23
1) Gross Profit Ratio (GPR)
2) Net Profit Ratio (NPR)
3) Operation Profit Ratio (OPR)
4) Return on Assets (ROA)
5) Return on Equity (ROE)
6) Earnings per Share (EPS)
7) Interest Spread Ratio (ISR)
Gross Profit
GPM= x 100
Sales
Table:2.1
Gross Profit Ratio (In millions)
Fiscal Year Gross Profit Total Interest GPR
Revenue
2065/66 150.64 758.256 19.87%
2066/67 305.14 1398.83 21.97%
2067/68 312.37 1795.23 17.41%
2068/69 355.39 1980.32 17.94%
2069/70 627.02 2211.98 28.34%
Source: Annual report of CBIL( FY 2065/66- 2069/70)
Table shows the change in gross profit ratio of Citizen Bank International Limited from
the period 2065/66 to 2069/70. The highest GPR was 28.34% in the fiscal year 28.34%
and the lowest was 17.41% in the fiscal year 2067/68.
pg. 24
Figure 2.1
Gross profit ratio
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70
The above bar diagram shows the GPR of CBIL which is decreasing at first year 2065/66
and slowly increasing at last 4 years.
When doing a simple profitability ratio analysis, net profit margin is the most
often margin ratio used. It is ratio between net income and sales. The net profit margin
shows how much of each sales dollar shows up as net income after all expenses are paid.
The formula for net profit margin is:
pg. 25
Net Profit
NPR = x 100
Sales
Table 2.2
Net Profit Ratio (NPR):
(In millions)
Fiscal Year Net Profit Total NPR
Interest
Revenue
2065/66 95.809 758.256 12.68%
2066/67 193.56 1398.83 13.87%
2067/68 198.56 1795.23 11.06%
2068/69 224.79 1980.32 11.35%
2069/70 413.24 2211.98 18.68%
Source: Annual report of CBIL( FY 2065/66- 2069/70)
Table and chart shows the change in net profit ratio of Citizen Bank International Ltd.
from the period 2065/66 to 2069/70. The highest NPR was 18.68 % in the fiscal
year
2069/70 and the lowest was 11.06 % in the fiscal year 2067/68.
Figure 2.2
Net profit ratio
pg. 26
Net profit ratio
100%
90%
80%
70%
60% NPR
Total Intrest Revenue
50%
Net profit
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70
The above bar diagram shows the PR of CBIL which is decreasing at first year 2065/66
and slowly increasing at last 4 years.
It shows the relationship between operating profit and sales and indicates operating profit
of a firm. Higher operating profit ratio is preferred because it is good sign of operating
efficiency of a firm.
Operating Profit
OPR = x 100
Sales
Table 2.3
Operation Profit Ratio:
(in millions)
Fiscal Year Operation Profit Total Operation Profit
Interest Ratio
Revenue
pg. 27
2065/66 758.256 36.36%
275.74
2066/67 405.51 1398.83 28.98%
2067/68 461.90 1795.23 25.79%
2068/69 435.22 1980.32 21.97%
2069/70 919.10 2211.98 41.55%
Source: Annual report of CBIL( FY 2065/66- 2069/70)
Table shows the change in operating profit ratio of CBIL from the period 2065/66to
2069/70. The highest OPR was 41.55% in the fiscal year 2069/70 and the lowest was
21.97% in the fiscal year 2068/69.
Figure 2.3
Operation profit ratio
The above bar diagram shows the operation profit ratio which is increasing at first
2065/66 year and slowly decreasing at 2066/69 and lastly it increasing in 2069/70.
pg. 28
“return on assets” reflects the efficiency of the bank in utilizing its overall resources. Non-
performing assets are very harmful for the bank, so they should try to reach their
proportion in the assets structure. It is calculated as follows:
Net profit
ROA= x 100
Total assets
Table 2.4
Return on Assets
( in millions)
Fiscal Year Net Profit Total Assets
ROA
2065/66 95.809 12966.04 0.00735
2066/67 193.56 16516.88 0.0117
2067/68 198.56 16816.49 0.0118
2068/69 224.79 20068.50 0.0112
2069/70 413.24 25979.51 0.0159
Source: Annual report of CBIL( FY 2065/66- 2069/70)
From above table we can see that total assets is increasing all over the year and the net profit is
increasing process which makes ROA process. The highest ROA obtained is 0.0159 which is
in the year 2069/70 and the lowest is 0.00735 which is in the year 2065/70.
Figure 2.4
Return on Assets
pg. 29
Return on assets
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70
The above bar diagram shows the Return on ratio which is decreasing at first 2065/66year
and increasing at last 4 years.
Net profit
ROE = x 100
Total equity
Table 2.5
Return on Equity
(in millions)
Fiscal Year Net Profit Equity ROE
2065/66 95.809 9.23%
2066/67 193.56 14.79%
2067/68 198.56 8.89%
2068/69 224.79 9.85%
pg. 30
2069/70 413.24 17.37%
Source: Annual report of CBIL( FY 2065/66- 2069/70)
14
12
SROE
9.23%
10 14.79%
8.89%
9.85%
8 17.37%
eries 3
Series 2
6 Net Profit
95.809
193.56
4 198.56
224.79
413.24
2
0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Net profit
EPS=
No of common share
Table 2.6
Earnings per share
Source:
Fiscal Year Net profit No. of common EPS
share Annual
2065/66 95.809 100.00 0.95% report
2066/67 193.56 120.69 1.60%
of 2067/68 198.56 210.00 0.94%
2068/69 224.79 210.18 1.06%
2069/70 413.24 210.18 1.96%
CBIL( FY 2065/66- 2069/70)
Table shows the change in EPS of Citizen Bank from the period 2065/66 to 2069/70. The
highest EPS was 35.63 in the fiscal year 2064/65 and the lowest was 12.68 in the fiscal year
2068/68. Therefore from above analysis we can say that the earning power of NCCB is
in
good condition
Figure 2.6
Earnings per share
Table 2.7
Interest spread Ratios
Figure 2.7
Interest spread Ratios
30000
25000
20000 Interest
Income
Interest
15000 expenense
10000 Total Assets
Interest Spread
5000
0
2072/73 2073/74 2074/75 2075/76 2076/77
2.3 Major Finding
From the primary sources, the liquidity position of CIBL is in good position. It
maintains its financial position in every situation. The customers of this bank are
satisfied with this bank.
The legal documents demanded by bank in regard loans and deposit is bound to
make any genuine costumer fill irritated, so the banks should
appropriate stapes toward it.
The bank should give immediate response to the new starting business by
lowering the loans provided.
The
CHAPTER-III
3.1 Summary
It is growing and doing well with sound participate management and efficiency
of employees. It has made its unique position in the competition of commercial bank.
3.2 Conclusion
The main objective of this study is to analyze the liquidity position of CBIL and
to provide recommendation based on the study. From the analysis of primary and
secondary, we have rough idea about the liquidity position trend of CBIL for the period
2065/66 to
2069/70 .the ratio of cash and bank balance to current assets of CBIL is getting stronger
and better. . The detailed conclusion of every ratio is as follows
The highest GPR is 28.34% in the FY 2069/70 and the lowest is 17.41% in the FY
2067/68. It declines due to high margin between gross profit and total
interest revenue (sales).
The highest NPR is 18.68% in the FY 2069/ 70 and it lowest NPR is 11.06% in
FY 2067/68. NPR is regularly declining due to large margin between the net profit
and the total interest revenue.
The highest OPR is 41.55% in the FY 2069/70 and the lowest is 21.97% in the
year 2068/69. It declines due to high margin between earning and sales (interest
revenue).
The ROA of the starting FY 2065/66 is 0.00735 and it increasing throughout the
year and at the end FY 2069/70 it becomes 0.0159. Here, ROA increasing due to
heavy investment on assets and getting returns.
The ROE of NCCB is in declining position. The ROE of the starting FY 2064/65 is
0.7280 which is good enough but in the ending FY 2068/69 it declines to 0.0924
which shows the companies ineffectiveness towards returns of net profit.
The Earning Per Share (EPS) of CBIL at starting FY 2065/66 is 9.95% 1.60% and
0.94% but it increase to 1.06% and 1.96% at last 2 years.
The interest spread ratio of CIBL at first year 758.21 % and it regularly increasing.
The lowest ISR is 758.21% at the beginning year FY 2065/66. ISR increase due to
having the large margin between interest in deposit and interest while
providing loan
3.3 Recommendation
From the above study, it can be considered that the current position of liquidity of CIBL
is fairly well enough. However, the following recommendation can be made based on the
study.
CIBL should maintain the current ratio of cash and bank balance to current assets
ratio.
Formulate the clear vision, mission of the organization to attract customers and
make aware to employees and customers.
Show the interest rate on deposits and create awareness of the service of the
organization for landing to customers by displaying in notice board.
Standardize the operations of the various departments in all branches of the banks.
Improve service quality of official so as to maintain customer faith and image of
the bank.