11/13/2020

“Kegiatan Sosialisasi Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pada

Masyarakat Terkait Bahaya Pemukiman Warga
Didaerah Jalur Pipa Gas Pertamina”

Inspeksi Pipa Penyalur Migas dan

Mitigasi Risiko
Ekha Panji Syuryana, ST., MT.
Corrosion & Asset Integrity Engineer
Lab. Kimia & Korosi – Faculty Advisor NACE SC Unjani
Jurusan Teknik Metalurgi, FTM, UNJANI Jumat, 13 Nopember 2020

© E. P. Syuryana

Oil, Gas and Energy Business Process

SUB-SURFACE
SURFACE

Pumping Unit Flow line & Manifold Processing Facility

Production Storage/Tank Farm Pipeline Metering &
Compact Prover

FPSO, Offshore Platform ORF, CO2/H2S Removal, Compressor Station & SPBU/Industry Refinery Unit
& Onshore Gas Well DHP/Gas Treating Gas Storage Facility

Tanker, PLEM-SPM Fuel Terminals

Geothermal Well Pad Steam Processing Metering Station

Well Head &

Structure
SPBG CNG/
Water cooling Power Generation Off taker/Power Plant FSRU and FLNG Jetty/Loading Arm

Sumber: E.Panji Syuryana, Project experiences 2010-2019

© E. P. Syuryana

The Definition: Pipes

Tubing
Flow line/
Piping
• Product of Pipe Trunk line • Transporting • Inside HE system
Manufactures oil/gas/fluids • In plant fluids transport or
• Well to Production • Onshore, Offshore transporting instrument
Facility • Inside Well
• Prod Facility –
Line Pipe Another Prod. Pipeline
Facility Casing

A Line Pipe is a high strength carbon steel pipe used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas, fuel and water. These pipes are made as per
metallurgical specifications developed by API (American Petroleum Institute).
The flowline carries total produced fluids (e.g., oil, gas, and production water) from the well to the first piece of production equipment.

Liquids and gases are transported in pipelines and any chemically stable substance can be sent through a pipeline. Pipelines exist for the transport of crude
and refined petroleum, fuels – such as oil, natural gas and biofuels – and other fluids including sewage, slurry and water.

Within industry, piping is a system of pipes used to convey fluids (liquids and gases) from one location to another, or from an equipment to another equipment
(e.g., separator to scrubber)

Casing and tubing strings are the main parts of the well construction. All wells drilled for the purpose of oil or gas production (or injecting materials into
underground formations) must be cased with material with sufficient strength and functionality. (but out of RBI Scope, may using well integrity by NORSOK STD)
/en.wikipedia.org petrowiki.org/Piping_and_pipeline_systems

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Standardisasi aplikasi Material, Korosi, Inspeksi © E. P. Syuryana

di Bidang Migas dan Energi

Organization/
Institute

NORSOK & ASTM &

NACE SSPC API/ASME AWS
DNV ASM
Etc.

E.Panji Syuryana, Training IPP, LPK-KPDMigas, 2018

© E. P. Syuryana

Pipeline Design Consideration

FLUIDS

MATERIALS

ENVIRONTMENT

CONSTRUCTION

Fluids sample dari berbagai

lapangan di Indonesia

© E. P. Syuryana

LINE PIPE MATERIAL

Internally Clad Pipe (CRA),
Carbon Steel Outer Material
Stainless Steel • 304L SS - Carbon Steel Clad Pipe
• Duplex Stainless Steel • 316L SS - Carbon Steel Clad Pipe
• Stainless Steel 304 • Duplex SS - Carbon Steel Clad Pipe
• Stainless Steel – 316 • CuNi Alloy - Carbon Steel Clad Pipe

Nonferrous Alloy Internally Coated Carbon Steel

• Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE) Coating
• Cu - Ni Alloy
• Ni Alloy • Coal Tar Epoxy Coating
• Aluminum - Magnesium Alloy • Ceramic Epoxy Coating

Composite Pipe
Carbon Steel
• Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (GFRP)
• Carbon / Epoxy Composite • HSLA, Low Alloy Steel
• High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Flexible Pipe
• Un-bonded or Bonded
Sumber: IGN. Wiratmaja, Konstruksi Perpipaan, ITB,2010 • Metal or Composite reinforcement
E.Panji Syuryana, Tarining IPP, LPK-KPDMigas, 2018

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© E. P. Syuryana

Wall Thickness Inspection - Deviations

External Doughnut – Choco Sprinkles
Operation & Manufacturing
12,5 % Mill Tolerance (±)
Construction Corrosion Product Related to Corrosion Allowance
atmospheric & environment
E. P. Syuryana Scratch Line pipe handling and
Transportation
Coating/Insulation/FJC/CWC Dent

Oxide Scale
Welding/Beveling/Grinding Welding Defect
Spatter/Defect

Corrosion Product Related

to fluids and Process
Internal

Inspection Instrument
Accuracy & Resolution Interpretation;
Lux/Eyes/Experience
E. P. Syuryana
Instrument/
Instrument Operator/Inspector Skill
Probes Type
Calibration
E. P. Syuryana, Bimbingan Teknis Tenaga Ahli Pipa Penyalur Panas Bumi, DJEBTKE KESDM-PT TBN, 2020.

© E. P. Syuryana

Major types of NDT

Definition of NDT (NDE)
The use of noninvasive techniques to determine Detection of Detection of
the integrity of a material, component or structure SURFACE FLAWS (visual) INTERNAL FLAWS

or quantitatively measure some characteristic of

an object.
Why Nondestructive?
Test piece too precious to be destroyed
Test piece to be reuse after inspection
Test piece is in service
For quality control purpose

DPT: Inspeksi Cacat Pada

Sambungan Lasan Sistem
Perpipaan

© E. P. Syuryana

Corrosion Defects and Probability of Detection

Uniform Pitting Crevice Galvanic MIC

Intergranular De-alloying

SCC SSC CO-CO2 SCC HIC & SWC fatigue

Sumber: E. P. Syuryana, Training PT.Pertamina Gas Pemetaan Risiko Korosi pada Pipa Penyalur Gas, 2012

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© E. P. Syuryana

Klasifikasi Alat Inspeksi dan POD* dari Cacat pada Pipa Penyalur
External Doughnut – Choco Sprinkles
Non-intrusive: Non-intrusive:
Inspection Visual Test (VT)/Boroscope/ROV Coating/Cathodic Protection/ Monitoring
CIPS/DCVG/ACVG/Holiday
Dye Penetrant Test (PT) E. P. Syuryana

Intrusive:
Magnetic Particle Test (MT) Corrosion Coupon/Weight Loss

Electrical Resistance or
Ultrasonic Flaw (UT) Linear Polarization Probes

PAUT/GWUT
Internal
Intrusive:
Phonon® Eddy Current/EMAT
Technology Ultrasonic In-Line (U/S)
Radiographic Test (RT)
Pipetronix®
E.P. Syuryana
Rapid Motion Scan (RMS) ILI-Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL)
U/T (Scan A-B)
E. P. Syuryana, B. Widyanto, and B. Budiwantoro, “Modifikasi metode muhlbauer untuk pemetaan risiko korosi semi-kuantitatif pada pipa penyalur gas tesis,” Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2016. *POD = Probability of Detection

© E. P. Syuryana

RMS and ILI-MFL Comparative Data

Rapid Motion In-Line

Scanning Inspection

Magnetic Flux
Ultrasonic
Leakage
Scan A and Scan B
Contour

Internal & Internal &

External of Pipe External of Pipe

Sumber: E. P. Syuryana, Training PT.Pertamina Gas Pemetaan Risiko Korosi pada Pipa Penyalur Gas, 2012
Data RMS Storage Tank 2016, Data MFL Pipa Gas. 2014

© E. P. Syuryana

Multiphase wet gas pipeline

Schematic illustration of a cross section of a typical

multiphase wet gas pipeline.
TLC, top-of-line corrosion;
UDC, under-deposit corrosion.
Source: Tony, J.A., Shreir’s Corrosion,2010

Sumber: E. P. Syuryana, Training PT.Pertamina Gas Pemetaan Risiko Korosi pada Pipa Penyalur Gas, 2012 (rev-2020)

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© E. P. Syuryana

Pressure vs Tensile Strength Terminology

Not to Scale
(SMTS)

(BTP)
HTP

(SMYS)
DP

MAOP
MOP

Modified from Pressure Level Relations (API RP 1111) (E.P. Syuryana, Pipeline & Asset Integrity IPP LPK-KPDMigas , 2018)

© E. P. Syuryana

Stress Modeling for Geothermal Piping

Model tegangan dengan menggunakan pemodelan perangkat lunak

API 5L
Indikator warna

0-0,2

0,2-0,4

0,4-0,6

0,6-0,8

0,8-1,0

> 1,0

N. I. Alfat, B. Widyanto, E. P. Syuryana*, Material Selection as Per 31.1 based on Line Entity comparative, 2019

© E. P. Syuryana

Corrosion in Weldment
Weldment - Hydrogen
Damage in H₂S Service

(2015) Corrosion Failure, Elayaperumal

Adapted form Kou, S. Welding metallurgy, 2003 and Tony, J.A., Shreir’s Corrosion,2010

Sumber: E. P. Syuryana, Inspeksi Korosi Sambungan Las FGHAZ-CGHAZ Menggunakan Metode Magnetic Flux Leakage pada Pipa Penyalur Gas
https://materialmetalurgi.id/index.php/JMMI/article/view/18

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© E. P. Syuryana

Defect, NDT Related to Pipeline Integrity Management Circle

Defect NDT
Gather & Threat
VT Integrate Identification
Existing Data & Risk Assessment
Thinning
MPT

Surface UT
Cracking
Reporting & Develop or
LRUT
Performance Update Integrity
Subsurface Measurement Management Plans
Cracking PAUT

Pipeline Bell-hole
ET
Metallurgical Inspection: UT flaw
Changes and Holiday test
RT

Dimensional Conduct
RMS Repair &
Change Inspections
Remediation
& Surveys
MFL
Blistering
Phonon Assess
Results
Source: ASME B31.8S

© E. P. Syuryana

COF Consideration
Receptor Considerations:
LIF Leak PH Product LV Leak D Disper R Recep Low Population Density
Impact Hazard Volume sion tors
Factor

Nh = Toxicity Factor
PH Nh Nf Nr RQ Nf = Flammability factor
Nr = Reactivity factor

PH RQ = Chronic hazard factor

High Value Area

Hazardous liquid release

LV
Dispersion

D Hazardous vapor/gas releases

Peraturan Menteri ESDM
No. 18 Tahun 2018
(Pop) = Population Density
R HVA Env Pop (Env) = Environment Considerations Pemeriksaan Keselamatan

R (HVA) = High Value Area Instalasi dan Peralatan

Pada Kegiatan Usaha Minyak
dan Gas Bumi
Sumber: E. P. Syuryana, Training PT.Pertamina Gas Pemetaan Risiko Korosi pada Pipa Penyalur Gas, 2012

© E. P. Syuryana

Pipeline Design and Integrity Factors

Risers & Seawater: Dew Hot Tap/ High Population Density/
Resistivity, Rail/Road/ Branch/ Underground Voltage/ Aboveground/
Splash zone Point/
Salinity River/Pipe Tie In/ (Soil Resistivity, Stray Atmospheric/
Pour pH, Salinity,
&Velocity Crossing Future Current Humidity/Salinity
Point
Drop Object Connection Conductivity))
& Crossing Line pipe
Material

Flow
Direction

Velocity Different
Fluid Insulating
ESDV, Aeration Joint (IJ),
Composition/
MLV, Onshore Zone Flange,
CWC & Weldment, Inhibitor/
VIV, Free-span & BDV, IJ Topography 3LPP/LPE Scavenger Valve
Bracelet
Rectification Coating, FJC,
Offshore, Near-shore/ Cathodic Protection Internal/External
Casing & Insulation SACP/ICCP/TRU/
Bathymetry Transition Zone Corrosion
Sumber: E. P. Syuryana, Training PT.Pertamina Gas Pemetaan Risiko Korosi pada Pipa Penyalur Gas, 2012 (rev-2020)
TEST POINT

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© E. P. Syuryana

Terima Kasih, Semoga Memotivasi…

Dengan Perjalanan,
Kita Mampu
Mengukur Rintangan…

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