Chemistry in

coating indusrty

Ilham Ditama, S.Si M.Si

Webinar MERDEKA BELAJAR
AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
 What’s next ??

The Real life begins

Penerapan Ilmu Kimia diberbagai
bidang pekerjaan
Profesi pekerjaan lulusan Ilmu Kimia
AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
Paints and coatings global situation
Paints and coatings global situation
Share by market segment
Share by coating system type
Share by material type
AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
Basic Paint Knowledge
 Paints

Decorative Protective

Safety Prevent
Contamination

Insulation/ Anti-
Fire control Fouling
 Paint Composition
a) Resin or Binder
b) Pigments
Colour Pigment Non-volatile
Rust Inhibitive Pigment ( Dry Film )
Body Pigment

c) Additive
Volatile
d) Solvent
 Type of Resin
a) Natural resin b) Synthetic resin

Gum rosin Epoxy

Shellac Polyurethane
Chlorinated Rubber (CR)
Tar pitch
Alkyd
Drying oil
Acrylic
Silicon
Others
 Type of Pigments
a) Color Pigments
i) Inorganic pigments ii) Organic pigments
 Titanium Dioxide ( Phthalocyanine Blue
white )
Phthalocyanine Green
 Red / Yellow Iron Oxide
Di-azo Yellow
 Carbon Black
Mono-azo red
 Chrome Yellow
 Molybdenum Orange
 Type of Pigments
b) Anti-corrosive Pigments
 Red Lead Powder
 Zinc Dust
 Zinc Chromate
 Zinc Phosphate
 Type of Pigments
c ) Body and barrier pigments

Water molecule

Grain type of Pigment

Calcium Carbonate Barrier pigment
Barium Sulphate Micaceous Iron Oxide ( MIO)
Talcum Powder Glass flake
Silica Powder Aluminium Flake
Aluminium Silicate
 Type of Solvents
1. Aliphatic Hydrocarbon ( Dovesol 100, 150 ,
Mineral spirit )
2. Aromatic Hydrocarbon ( Xylene, Toluene )
3. Ketones ( MIBK , MEK )
4. Alcohol ( Ethanol, IBA , IPA )
5. Ester ( Butyl acetate , Ethyl acetate )
6. Ether ( PM Solvent )
7. Water
 Type of Additives
1. Aids to manufacturer
- Dispersing agent, defoamer
2. Aids to shelf-life
- Anti-skinning
- Anti-settling
3. Aids to Application
- Flow promoting agents, Anti-Sagging Agent
4. Aids to Film Formation
- Anti-floating agent
- Matting agent
Production of paint
AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
 Type of Binder & The Function
:
PRE-CONSTRUCTION PRIMERS PRIMERS / SURFACE TOLERANT
/ SHOP PRIMERS FINISHES COATINGS

• Inorganic Zinc Silicate • Alkyd • Epoxy

• Epoxy • Epoxy

PRIMERS
FINISHES SUBSEA, ABRASION-
• Alkyd (zinc chromate & zinc RESISTANT & SPLASHZONE
phosphate) • Epoxy COATINGS
• Epoxy (pigmented with Zinc • Alkyd
Phosphate) • Acrylic • Epoxy
• Inorganic Zinc Silicate • Polyurethane • Epoxy (reinforced with
• Epoxy Zinc Glass Flake)
HEAT RESISTANT
INTERMEDIATES / MID-COATS
• Silicone TANK LININGS
• Epoxy (reinforced with
Micaceous Iron Oxide) • Epoxy
• Epoxy Novolac / Phenolic
AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
 Background

The anticorrosive paints impede or obstruct

the corrosion by reducing the direct access of
air and water to the metal. Anti-corrosion
coating allows added protection of metal
surfaces and acts as a barrier to inhibit the
contact between chemical compounds
or corrosive materials.
 The Structure of Typical Alkyd Resin

Condensation
Polymerization
Acid Alcohol

Side product
 Alkyd air dry / organo-metal curing

Alkyds cured by Oxidative mechanism using atmospheric Oxygen.

This process continues from the time the alkyd film is applied on a
substrate and throughout the life of the alkyd film
Alkyd air dry / organo-metal curing

This process of continuous mechanism

makes the alkyd film brittle, powdery on
ageing and ultimately dis-bonding from the
substrate lead to less weather resistance.
Epoxy as an Anti-corrosive Primer coat
Epoxy Paints are cured by chemical reaction between Epoxy
resin and amine / amide hardener, it forms a rigid paint film
with less permeable to moisture and better chemical
resistance leads to better corrosion protection of metal.

(Weiss 1997)
Epoxy as an Anti-corrosive Primer coat

We can say in another words, Epoxy curing

mechanism happen due to chemical cross link with
their curing material (hardener) while alkyd curing
just physical drying by itself (help by oxygen), which
means epoxy can give stronger durability in terms of
anti-corrosion
 Epoxy as an Anti-corrosive Primer coat

The anti-corrosive performance can further have enhanced through

Inhibition / Barrier effect by adding anti-corrosive pigments such
Zinc Phosphate, Zinc Oxide, MIO and Glass Flake.
 Epoxy as an Anticorrosive Primer coat

Epoxy Anti-corrosive paint can go to next level by incorporating Zinc

Dust in the formulation. Epoxy Zinc Rich Paint gives better corrosion
protection through Zinc Dust.
Inorganic Silicate as an Anti-corrosive
Primer coat

It gives high level of Galvanic protection through Zinc Dust

similar to Epoxy Zinc Rich Primer, but much higher level of
corrosion protection.
 Inorganic Silicate as an Anti-corrosive
Primer coat
Limitations

In storage, Inorganic Zinc Silicate paints have

shorter shelf-life (about 6 months), due to moisture
sensitivity and continuous molecular weight
building up of resin within itself due to the presence
of acid and water in the base formulation
AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
Korosi adalah degradasi bahan logam oleh reaksi
kimia atau reaksi elektro kimia dengan lingkungan
sekitar.

Lingkungan adalah keadaan sekeliling yang kontak

dengan material / logam.
Bisa berupa padatan, cairan, atau gas dengan kondisi
komposisi kimia, suhu, dan lain sebagainya.
KOROSI

Korosi adalah peristiwa yang alami

(pasti terjadi)

MENGAPA ????

Karena korosi adalah proses kembalinya

produk buatan manusia ke alam
 Iron and Steel Making
Hematite lump ore
Produk besi dan baja
(Fe2O3)

Produk korosi
Korosi
kembali ke alam
sebagai bijih besi
 Mekanisme reaksi korosi

Karat
Fe2+ + 2OH-- Fe(OH)2
Ferrous Ions Hydroxyl Ions Ferrous Hydroxide
4Fe(OH)2 + 2H2O + O2 2Fe2O36H2O
Ferrous Hydroxide Water Oxygen Ferric Oxide (Rust)

Fe Fe2+ + 2e-- 4e + O2 + 2H2O 4OH--

Iron Ferrous Ions Electrons Electrons Oxygen Water hydroxyl Ions
Teknologi cat Anti Karat
Ada 3 jenis cara dalam hal memproteksi substrat besi
terhadap terjadinya proses korosi ;

1) Cathodic Protection

2) Inhibition of the Steel Surface

3) Barrier Protection

Inhibition
Cathodic Barrier
of the
Protection Protection
Steel
Surface
Teknologi cat Anti Karat

Cathodic Inhibition Barrier

Protection of the Protectio
Steel n
Cathodic Protection Surface
(contoh : Inorganic & Organic Zinc Rich Primers)

• Menggunakan “Galvanic Effect” untuk menghentikan proses korosi, dengan

“mengorbankan” zinc metal yang terkandung di dalam material cat anti karat
tersebut.

• Hal ini dapat terjadi karena zinc metal memiliki potensial elektroda yang lebih
negatif dibandingkan dengan besi, sehingga zinc metal akan lebih mudah
melepaskan elektron atau semakin mudah mengalami oksidasi terlebih dahulu.

• Sebutan lain untuk mekanisme proteksi ini adalah anoda korban.

 b. Inhibition PROTECTION

Red Lead, Zinc Chromate & Zinc Phosphate Primers

• Pigments act as an inhibitor and protect the

Paint Film.
• Inhibitor Coatings absorb the water in the
paint Film to aid in the passivation of the
substrate.
 b. Inhibition PROTECTION
Red Lead, Zinc Chromate & Zinc Phosphate Primers

Moisture Absorption Ionisation of inhibitor and

into and through film reaction with steel surface
2nd Topcoat

1st Topcoat

Red Lead Primer

Steel Surface

Passivated Layer
 c. Barrier PROTECTION
Lamellar Pigmented (Glass Flake, MIO /
Micaceous Iron Oxide) Primers
Low moisture Impervious to
transmission ions, O2 & CO2

3rd Coat
2nd Coat
1st Coat

Steel Surface

Clean surface - no salts for blistering

AGENDA
• Working experience in paint industry
• Painting industry growth
• Paint Course :
- Basic Knowledge of Paint
- Types of paints ;
√ Base on binder
√ Base on function
• How to protect metal surface from
corrosion
• How to be a competent graduates
 Item Skil yang harus dimiliki
1. Knowledge
2. Excellent written and verbal communication
3. Problem solving
4. Analytical & critical thingking
5. Time management
6. Leadership
7. Public speaking
8. Positive attitude & outlook