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4 - FireSmoke Control Stair Pressurization.28122850
4 - FireSmoke Control Stair Pressurization.28122850
4 - FireSmoke Control Stair Pressurization.28122850
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)
Energy Efficient Building Design College Of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Example
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)
Energy Efficient Building Design College Of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Fan Total
CFM = 16,000
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
2,000 cfm
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Zone & Stair Pressurization ASHRAE 1999 HVAC Applications Handbook Default User Input
for Fire Control Uniform Building Code (UBC) Project User Input
Project Name Calculated
Table-1: Door Leakage Area Doors in Series: Leakage Areas = A1 , A2, A3, --- An
Height (ft) 7
Width (ft) 3 Leak-Area (ft2)
Area (ft2) 21 Avge 1/8" 0.21 A1 An
Perim (ft) 20 3/4" Undercut 0.36
Fire Floor: Smoke Exhaust Damper is Open. HVAC Supply, Return and Exhaust (TX & GX) Air Dampers are Closed
Sandwich Floors: (above & below fire floor) HVAC Supply Damper is Open. Return and all Exhaust Dampers are Closed
All Other Floors: Smoke Exhaust Damper is Closed. Normal Supply, Return & Exhaust (TX & GX) operating conditions
Color Key Default User Input
Total Leakage Area between Fire Space and Adjacent Spaces Project User Input
Fire Space Area (ft2) = 7,400 Elev Shaft Area/Flr (ft2) = 950 Calculated
Floor to Ceiling Height (ft) = 12 Number of Elevators = 0 F = Fdc + (5.2 x W x A x DP) / (2 x (W - d))
A (leakage) / As (floor) = 0.0005 A (leakage) / As (elev) = 0.00084 d = distance from door handle to
Flr & Clg Leakage Area (ft2) 7.4 Elev Leakage Area (ft2) = 0 latch edge of door (ft) =
Wall Area/Flr (ft2) = 1500 A = Exit Door Area (ft2) =
Number of Walls = 4 Total Leakage Area (A) = 15.46 W = Door Width (ft) =
A (leakage) / As = 0.00021 Press. Fire Space (in.) = 0 DP = Press Diff. Across Door (in) =
Wall Leakage Area (ft2) = 1.26 Press. Adjac Space (in.) = 0.05 Fdc = Force to overcome Door
Door Leakage Area per Door 0.36 Closing Device (lbf) =
Number of Doors = 5 Min Exh fr Fire Space (Qs) = 9,023 F = Exit Door Opening Force (lbf) =
Total Door Leakage = 1.8 CFM/FT2 = 1.2
Qs = 2610 x A x sqrt(DP) ACH @ Ceiling Ht = 6.1
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
x DP) / (2 x (W - d))
0.25
21
3
0.05
10
13.0
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Boston British Standards Institue BSI 5588 Part 4 : Fire design 1978
Stairwell Pressurization In. H2O to N/m2 (Pa) 248.76
m3/hr to cfm 1.7 cfm to L/s 0.472
meters to feet 3.281 m2 to ft2 10.764
Door Leakage Space Pressurization Levels
Door opens relativ Ht Wd Perimter Leak Area Leak-A / PerimBldng Height Emergency Operation
Pressurized Space m m m ft m2 ft2 m2/m ft2/ft m ft Pa In Pa In
(1) Single opens In 2 0.8 5.6 18.37 0.01 0.108 0.002 0.006 < 12 < 40 50 0.201 8 0.032
(2) Single opens A 2 0.8 5.6 18.37 0.02 0.215 0.004 0.012 >= 12 >= 40 50 0.201 15 0.060
Doors in Series: Leakage Areas = A1 , A2, A3, --- An Effective Leakage Area (Ae)
Doors in Parallel: Leakage Areas = A1 , A2, A3, --- An
Ae = A1 + A2 + ----- + An
A1 An
SI IP
Effective Leakage Area (Ae) Doors in Series Leakage Area/Door (m2) 0.024 0.258
Ae = [ 1/A12 + 1/A22 + 1/A32 + ----- + 1/An2 ] -0.5 Total floors 36 36
Required Air Supply to maintain pressure difference Eff. Leakage Area (m2) 0.864 9.302
between Pressurized Space and Adjacent Space Stairwell Pressure (Pa) 120 0.482
Q = 0.827 x A x P0.5 Space Pressure (Pa) 12 0.048
Q = Air Supplr (m3/s) to the pressurized space Supply Air (m3/s) 7.43 cfm
A = Total effective leakage area (m2) Supply Air (L/s) 7424 15,729
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Q=C4*Cv*A*U
mph 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 40 0.425 0.200 95,983 Q=60*Cd*A*sqrt(2*g*DH*abs(Ti-To)Ti)
5 8,800 13,200 17,600 22,000 26,400 30,800 60 0.375 0.200 84,691 Cd=DischargeCoeffforOpening
10 17,600 26,400 35,200 44,000 52,800 61,600 70 0.350 0.400 111,786 DH=DifferenceinOpeningHeights,ft
15 26,400 39,600 52,800 66,000 79,200 92,400 80 0.325 0.600 127,130 Ti=InsideTemp,F
20 35,200 52,800 70,400 88,000 105,600 123,200 90 0.300 0.800 135,505 To=OutsideTemp,F
25 44,000 66,000 88,000 110,000 132,000 154,000 100 0.275 1.000 138,875
30 52,800 79,200 105,600 132,000 158,400 184,800 110 0.250 1.200 138,300
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
DH*abs(Ti-To)Ti)
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall) Arch-552 (Spring)