Jalad Shrimali BTCS504

Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya

Shri Vaishnav Institute of Information
Technology

Name: Manas Pathak

Enrollment No: 19100BTBDAI05326
Course Name: Software Engineering and
Project Management
Course code: BTCS-504
Year/Sem: 3rd/ 5th
Section: ‘D’(BDA-IBM)
Department: Computer Science and
Engineering
Topic: Lab File
Submitted to: Prof. Pallavi Kala

Jalad Shrimali 19100BTBDAI05322

Jalad Shrimali BTCS504

What is Software?
Software is a set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate a computer and
execute specific tasks. In simpler terms, software tells a computer how to function.
It’s a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts, and programs that run on
devices such as PCs, mobile phones, tablets, and other smart devices. Software
contrasts with hardware, which is the physical aspects of a computer that perform
the work.

Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, a web browser is
a software application that allows users to access the internet. Without the web
browser software, reading this page on Webopedia wouldn’t be possible.
An operating system (OS) is a software program that serves as
the interface between other applications and the hardware on a computer or mobile
device. TCP/IP is built into all major operating systems to allow computers to
communicate over long distance networks. Without the OS or the protocols built into
it, it wouldn’t be possible to access a web browser.

The majority of software is written in high-level programming languages due to the

language being closer to natural human language as opposed to machine
language. The high-level language is then translated into low-level machine code
using a compiler or interpreter for the computer to understand. Software can also
be written in a low-level assembly language, but it is less common.

What is Software Engineering?

Software engineering is a concept in and of itself, but to better understand it, you
need to know what each part of the term means before you can fully understand how
they operate together. It can be difficult to understand, even though it does seem
straightforward. That is because the pieces are more complicated than many believe
- and working with software engineering for an application is difficult and time-
consuming.

Software engineering has two parts: software and engineering.

Software is a collection of codes, documents, and triggers that does a specific job
and fills a specific requirement.

Engineering is the development of products using best practices, principles, and

methods.

What is software engineering? It is a branch of engineering that deals with the

development of software products. It operates within a set of principles, best
practices, and methods that have been carefully honed throughout the years,
changing as software and technology change.

Jalad Shrimali 19100BTBDAI05322

Jalad Shrimali BTCS504

Software engineering leads to a product that is reliable, efficient, and effective at

what it does. While software engineering can lead to products that do not do this, the
product will almost always go back into the production stage.

So, what is the complete definition of software engineering?

The IEEE fully defines software engineering as:

1. The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the

development, operation, and maintenance of software; that is, the application of
engineering to software.

What the software engineering meaning doesn’t explain is that everything that has
been software engineered needs to work on real machines in real situations, not
within.

What is SDLC(Software Development Life Cycle)?

A software life cycle model (also termed process model) is a pictorial and
diagrammatic representation of the software life cycle. A life cycle model represents
all the methods required to make a software product transit through its life cycle
stages. It also captures the structure in which these methods are to be undertaken.
In other words, a life cycle model maps the various activities performed on a
software product from its inception to retirement. Different life cycle models may plan
the necessary development activities to phases in different ways. Thus, no element
which life cycle model is followed, the essential activities are contained in all life
cycle models though the action may be carried out in distinct orders in different life
cycle models. During any life cycle stage, more than one activity may also be carried
out.
What are SDLC Stages?
The stages of SDLC are as follows:
Stage1: Planning and requirement analysis
Requirement Analysis is the most important and necessary stage in SDLC.
The senior members of the team perform it with inputs from all the stakeholders and
domain experts or SMEs in the industry.
Planning for the quality assurance requirements and identifications of the risks
associated with the projects is also done at this stage.
Business analyst and Project organizer set up a meeting with the client to gather all
the data like what the customer wants to build, who will be the end user, what is the
objective of the product. Before creating a product, a core understanding or
knowledge of the product is very necessary.

Jalad Shrimali 19100BTBDAI05322

Jalad Shrimali BTCS504

For Example, A client wants to have an application which concerns money

transactions. In this method, the requirement has to be precise like what kind of
operations will be done, how it will be done, in which currency it will be done, etc.
Once the required function is done, an analysis is complete with auditing the
feasibility of the growth of a product. In case of any ambiguity, a signal is set up for
further discussion.
Once the requirement is understood, the SRS (Software Requirement Specification)
document is created. The developers should thoroughly follow this document and
also
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Figure 1: SDLC Stages

Stage2: Defining Requirements

Once the requirement analysis is done, the next stage is to certainly represent and
document the software requirements and get them accepted from the project
stakeholders.
This is accomplished through "SRS"- Software Requirement Specification document
which contains all the product requirements to be constructed and developed during
the project life cycle.
Stage3: Designing the Software
The next phase is about to bring down all the knowledge of requirements, analysis,
and design of the software project. This phase is the product of the last two, like
inputs from the customer and requirement gathering.
Stage4: Developing the project
In this phase of SDLC, the actual development begins, and the programming is built.
The implementation of design begins concerning writing code. Developers have to
follow the coding guidelines described by their management and programming tools
like compilers, interpreters, debuggers, etc. are used to develop and implement the
code.
Stage5: Testing

Jalad Shrimali 19100BTBDAI05322

Jalad Shrimali BTCS504

After the code is generated, it is tested against the requirements to make sure that
the products are solving the needs addressed and gathered during the requirements
stage.
During this stage, unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing
are done.
Stage6: Deployment
Once the software is certified, and no bugs or errors are stated, then it is deployed.
Then based on the assessment, the software may be released as it is or with
suggested enhancement in the object segment.
After the software is deployed, then its maintenance begins.
Stage7: Maintenance
Once when the client starts using the developed systems, then the real issues come
up and requirements to be solved from time to time.
This procedure where the care is taken for the developed product is known as
maintenance.

Jalad Shrimali 19100BTBDAI05322