BIOPLASTIC

ROLL NO.-
BHOOPESH JORWAL
CHEMISTRY
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
MRS.SUDESH YADAV
AIM

• 1.TO SYNTHESIS BIOPLASTIC.

• 2.TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF
CONCENTRATION OF ACETIC ACID ON THE
SYNTHESIS OF BIOPLASTIC.
INDEX

• S.NO TOPIC PAGE NO.

• 1 CERTIFICATE 2
• 2 AKNOWLEDGEMENT 3
• 3 INTRODUCTION 4
• 4 SUMMARY 6
• 5 REQUIRMENTS 7
• 6 PROCEDURE 8
• 7 OBSERVATION 10
• 8 RESULT 11
• 9 CONCLUSION 12
• 10 BIBLOGRAPHY 13
CERTIFICATE
• THIS IS HERE BY TO CERTIFY THATTHE ORIGINAL AND GENUINE
• INVESTIGATION WORK HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT TO INVESTIGATE
• ABOUT STRUCTURE MATTER AND RELATED DATA COLLECTION AND
INVESTIGATION HAS BEEN COMPLETELY SOLELY SINCERLY AND
SATISFACTORY DONE BY BHOOPESH JORWAL OF CLASS X11-A OF
SCHOOL KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA INA COLONY NEW DELHI REGARDING
HIS PROJECT SYNTHESIS OF BIOPLASTIC BY EXTARCTION OF
STARCH FROM POTATO.

• TEACHER'S SIGNATURE
• MRS.SUDESH YADAV
AKNOWLEDGEMENT
• I WOULD LIKE TO THANK MY CHEMISTRY TEACHER
MRS.SUDESH YADAV FOR PROVIDING A HELPING HAND IN MAKING
MY PROJECT TITLED-SYNTHESIS OF BIO PLASTIC BY EXTRACTING
STARCH FROM POTATO.
INTRODUCTION

Bioplastics are the palstics derived from renewable biomass sourcessuch as vegetable fats and oils corn
starch or microbiota.Bioplastics can be made by agriculture by products and also from used plastic bottles and
other containers using microrganisms.Common plastics such as fossil fuels palstics (lalso called petrobased
polymes) are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Production of such plastics tends to require more fossils
fuels and to produce more green house gases than the production of biobased polymers(bioplastics).

Some but not all, bioplastics are desingned to biodegrade.Biodegardeable biolplastics can break down in
either anaerobic or aerobic enviroments,depending on how they manufactured.Bioplasitcs can be composed
of starches,cellulose,bioploymers,and a variety of other materials.

These plastics are also used in non-disposable application including mobile phone
casing,carpet,fibers,insulations as interoirs.New elecroacative bioplastics are being developed that can be
used to carry curent.Medical implants made up PLA which dissolve in body can save a patients a second
operation.

a packing blister made of flower wrapping by PLA.

cellulose acetate. blend bio flex plastic packing by bioplastics.......
Compostable mulch films can also be produced from starch polymers and used in agricultue.These films
do not have to be collcted after use in farm fields
Starch is mixture of polymers called amylose and amylopectin, in a ratio of about 1:4 bonds while
amylopectin is a highly branched polymer of glucose.since the starch has both straight and branced
polymers we need to remove or alter the amylopectin so we are left with long staight chains.
• Here BIOPLASTIC is made by POTATO
STARCH.

structure of amylose
structure of amylopectin.

mulch film made up of Polyactic

acid bioflex
SUMMARY
• The purpose of this expirements is to disocover how extracted starch from potato could be converted
into plastic thus generating biobased plastic or bioplastic.
• And also to anaylse and select the optium concentraton of acid required in the synthesis.
• After extracting starch from potato it was treated with acid that hydrolyses amylopectin(the branced
component).
• And prevents it from making hydrogen bonds with the amylose polymer chain and forming a crystalline
structure.
• The formation of a crystalline structure is undesired because it is a britte and fragile structure .Instead
the formaton of films (Not becoming rows of chain of polymers) is desired.
• Glycerin was added that acted as plasticiser ,an additive used to be develop or improve plasticity
since it disconnects the polymer chains from one another thus restraining them acquiring a crystalline
structure.
• The plastic thus synthesis can be used for makin plates and dinner ware,cups,bowls,pen and many
other things.
REQUIRMENTS
• INGREDIENTS
2 White skinned potatoes or potato starch or corn starch.
Water & 100% vegetable liquid Glycerin.
White Vinegar.
Food colouring.

TOOLS
Non stick pan.
spatula.
Stove Top OR Hot plate.
Knife.

OPTIONAL.
Filter
Blender.
Peeler.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

• EXTRACT THE STARCH.

• BLENDER! Since potatoes are about 95% of starch so its relatively easy to convert into powdered
starch.
• Get a potato and wash it.
• Use peeler to take it's skin off.
• Cut the naked potato into cubes to the blender and run it for couple of minutes.
• Use coffee mixture to strain off cloudy water.
• If going to make plastic right away then drying is not neccessary but if we want to store it then we have
to dry it on a wax paper in sunlight
• MIX IT UP.
• Measure out 60 ml(4 tablespoon) of cold water and pure it into beaker in which you are boiling the
mixture.
• Measure out 10 gm(or about 1 tablespoon) of starch and add that to the water.
• Add 5ml(about 1 teaspoon) of glycerin to the mixture,more glycerin will make it softier and flexible.
• If a coloured plastic is desired then add food colouring.
about 5 drop is enough for colour.
Turn the burner on low and stir it continously. When it thickens up turn the heat up to medium and stir even
more .
When it starts to boil keep boiling it for 5 minutes.We want it to be very thick and sticky.
We should now have a “gooey” subustance that you can pour into a mold or you can pour it into a
aluminium foil heat pad to dry.
Depending on humidity it should take one day to dry.
 OBSERVATIONS

MOLARITY OF ACID 0.826M VINEGAR 5M DIL. ACETIC

USED ACID
AMOUNT OF POTATO
STARCH USED /g
PLASTIC
FORMATION
STRENGTH TEST
THICKNESS /cm
DECAY /DAYS
CONDUCTION OF
ELECTRICITY
When the plastic formed is very thin. its strength decreases as well.
When the mixture is not dipped is 0.5M Na2S2O5 it starts to decay with in 3 days.
Did not conduct electricity by covering a copper wire with the plastic and inserting it into simple circiut .The
electricty ran through the wire but not through plastic.
RESULT
• THE BIOPLASTIC WAS BY SYNTHESISED BY EXTRACTING STARCH FROM POTATO.
• THE OPTIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ACID IS
• ON WHICH THE PALSTIC FORMED IS OF REMARKABLE THICKNESS, STRENGTH AND
DURABILITY.
CONCLUSION
• After the complwtion of tests the following conclusions were formulated-
• Glycerin here acts as a Plasticiser, it disconnectsthe polymer chains from one another,restraining
them from becomingrows of chain and acquiring crystalline structure which are not desired sice they
are fragile and britte.
• The glycerin gets in between the amylose and dextrin without the glycerin in our plastic it would crack
and shatter,if we bent it,or put stress on it ,but since we added glycerin a plasticiser to it......, the satrch
is flexible.
• The expirement had been succesful in producing plastic but had started to decay after only 3 days.As
a result of this research done to address this issue it can be noted that in order to improve shelf life of
post -harvest wild mango fruits,sodium metabisulphate can be used.This corresponds to incerase in
shelf life of plastic in expirement here.
• The acid used in this expirement used to break down the amylopectin into straight but short molcules
of dextrin. The best concentration of acid for synthesis is
BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Make potato plastic!.instructables.com(2007-07-26).retrived on 2011-08-14.

• “terminlogy for biorelated ploymers and applications “.pure and applied
chemistry.
• Plasticd & rubber weekly.Prw.com.
• inhabitat.com/banan-peels-off-to-plastic.
• One_word:Bioplastics.com
• Biopolymer.net.