DIESEL ENGINE

Diesel engine - is an internal combustion engine in which the fuel ignites

due to the high temperature created by the compression of the air
required for combustion, and not by using an auxiliary device, such as
the spark plug in the case of the spark ignition engine.
The engine runs on a diesel cycle. The name of the engine was given
after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel at the suggestion of his wife,
Martha Diesel, who in 1895 advised him with: Nenn ihn doch einfach
Dieselmotor! ("Simply call it the Diesel Engine!"), [1] making it easier
for Diesel to search for the name of the engine, which he invented in
1892 and patented on February 23, 1893. Diesel's intention was to use
his engine. a wide range of fuels, including coal dust. Diesel presented
its invention operating in 1900 at the World's Fair with fuel as halo oil.
How the diesel engine works
Compressing a gas increases its temperature, which is the method by
which fuel is ignited in diesel engines. The air is sucked into the
cylinders and is compressed by the piston to a ratio of 25: 1, higher than
that of spark-ignition engines. Towards the end of the compression
stroke, the diesel (fuel) is sprayed into the combustion chamber using an
injector. The diesel ignites on contact with the air already heated by
compression to a temperature of about 700-900 ° C. Combustion of the
fuel increases the temperature and pressure, which actuates the piston.
Then, as with regular engines, the connecting rod transmits the force of
the piston to the crankshaft, transforming the linear motion into
rotational motion. The air is sucked into the cylinders by means of
valves, arranged at the head of the cylinders. To increase power, most
modern diesel engines are supercharged in order to increase the amount
of air introduced into the cylinders. Using an intermediate cooler for the
air introduced into the cylinders increases the density of the air and leads
to a better eff
In winter, when it is cold outside, diesel engines start harder because the
massive metal mass of the engine block (consisting of cylinders and
cylinder head) absorbs much of the heat produced by compression,
reducing the temperature and preventing ignition. Some diesel engines
use electric heaters, such as spark plugs, to help the diesel ignite when
starting the diesel engine. Other engines use electric heaters in the intake
manifold to heat the air. Electrical resistors mounted in the engine block
are also used, also to facilitate starting and reduce wear. Diesel has a
high degree of viscosity, especially at low temperatures, leading to the
formation of crystals in the fuel, especially in the filters, thus preventing
the correct supply of the engine. The installation of small electrical
devices to heat diesel, especially in the area of the tank and filters has
solved this problem. Also, the injection system of many engines sends
back to the tank already heated diesel, which has not been injected, thus
preventing the crystallization of the fuel in the tank. Today, the use of
modern additives has solved this problem as well.