ISP688/ITS674:INTELLIGENT DECISION MAKING SUPPORT SYSTEMS

DSS
Methodologies
and
Technologies
HASLINDA BINTI NORADZAN
UiTM CAWANGAN N.SEMBILAN KAMPUS SEREMBAN
Lesson Outcomes
o Understand possible decision support system (DSS)
configurations
o Describe DSScapabilities and characteristics
o Understand importantDSS classifications
o Understand DSScomponents and how they integrate

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 manipulation of a manipulation of a model
timeseries of internal Eg: statistical, financial,
company data and optimization and/or simulation
sometimes external data models

DSS
Configuration
D S S Characteristics and Capabilities
DSS is not quite synonymous with BI
• DSS are generally built to solve a specific problem and
include their own database(s)
• BI applications focus on reporting and identifying
problems by scanning data stored in data warehouses
• Both systems generally include analytical tools (BI called
business analytics systems)
• Although some may run locally as a spreadsheet, both
DSS and BI uses Web

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Business Analytics
• implies the use of models and data to improve an
organization's performance and/or competitiveposture
Web Analytics
• implies using business analytics on real-time Web
information to assist in decision making; often related to
e-Commerce

Predictive Analytics
• describes the business analytics method of forecasting
problems and opportunities rather than simplyreporting
them as they occur

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D S S Capabilities

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 Communication driven and group DSS

Data-driven DSS

DSS Document-driven DSS

Classifications Knowledge-driven DSS, data mining and

AIS SIGDSS Classification (Power 2002)
management ES applications
Model-driven DSS

Compound/hybrid DSS

*AIS SIGDSS – Association for Information Systems Special Interest GroupDSS

D S S Classifications
Communication •use collaboration and communication technologiesto
driven and group support groups (support meetings, supply chain
management)
DSS

•primarily involved with data, process data intoinformation

and present the information to decision maker; database
Data-driven DSS and data warehouse (DSS developed in Data Mining and
OLAP)

Document-driven •Rely on knowledge coding, analysis, searchand retrieval

,DSS of text based; minimal emphasis on model; documents
DSS (oral, written, multimedia etc.)
D S S Classifications
Knowledge-driven DSS, data
mining and • To address specific decision needs; almost
management ES all AI apps.
applications

• Primarily developed around one or more

Model-driven DSS optimization or simulation models; focus is
to optimize one or more objectives

Compound/hybrid DSS • Include two or more major DSScategories

D S S Classifications
Holsapple and Whinston's Classification (2000)

The text-oriented DSS The database-oriented DSS.

The spreadsheet-oriented
The solver-oriented DSS
DSS

The rule-oriented DSS

(include most knowledge-
driven DSS, data mining, The compound DSS
management, and ES
applications)
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Other D S S Categories
Institutional (portfolio managements system
investment) and ad-hoc D S S

Personal, group, and organizational support

Individual support system versus group

support system (GSS)

Custom-made systems versus ready-made

systems

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Components
of D S S
Overall Capabilities of D S S

▸ Easy access to data/models/knowledge

▸ Proper managementof organizational
experiences andknowledge
▸ Easy to use, adaptive and flexible GUI
▸ Timely, correct, concise, consistent support
for decisionmaking
▸ Support for all whoneeds it, whereand when
he/she needsit

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D S S Components and Web Impacts
▸ Impacts of Web to DSS
▹ Data management via Web
servers
▹ Easy access to variety of
models, tools
▹ Consistent user interface
(browsers)
▹ Deployment to PDAs, cell
phones, etc. …
▸ DSS impact on Web
▹ Intelligent e-
Business/e-Commerce
▹ Better management of
Web resources and
security, …
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Data Management
Subsystem
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Database Management Subsystem
Key Data Issues
▸ Dataquality
▹ “Garbage in/garbage out"(GIGO)
▸ Dataintegration
▹ “Creating a single version of the truth”
▸ Scalability
▸ DataSecurity
▸ Timeliness
▸ Completeness
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10 Key Ingredients of Data (Information)
Quality Management
Data quality is a business problem, not only a systems problem
Focus on information about customers and suppliers, not just data
Focus on all components of data: definition, content,and presentation

Implement data/information quality management processes, not just software to handle them

Measure data accuracy as well as validity

Measure real costs (not just the percentage)of poor quality data/information

Emphasize process improvement/preventive maintenance, not just datacleansing

Improve processes (and hence data quality) at thesource

Educate managers about the impacts of poor data quality and how to improve it
Actively transform the culture to one that values data quality

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Model Management
Subsystem
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Model Management Subsystem
▸ Model Types
▸ The four(4) functions
▹ Strategic models ▹ Model creation, using programming
▹ Tactical models languages, DSStools and/or subroutines, and
▹ Operational other buildingblocks
models ▹ Generation of new routines and reports
▹ Analytic models ▹ Model updatingand changing
▸ Model buildingblocks ▹ Model datamanipulation
▸ Modeling tools

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User Interface (Dialog)
Subsystem
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User Interface (Dialog)
Subsystem
▸ Interface ▸ DSS UserInterface
▹ Application ▹ Portal
interface ▹ Graphical icons
▹ UserInterface ▸ Dashboard
▸ Graphical User ▹ Colour coding
Interface(GUI)
▸ Interfacing withPDAs,
▸ cell phones,etc.

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Knowledgebase
Management System
 Expert
▸ Incorporation systems
of intelligence Case-based Knowledge
and expertise reasoning management
systems systems
▸ Often used to better
Knowledge
managethe otherDSS components
components
Fuzzy Neural
logic networks

Intelligent
agents

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D S S Components
Future/Current D S S Developments

Integration of
Hardware Software
AI – smart
Enhancement Enhancement
system

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 Sum mary
▸ DSSis designed to support complex managerial problems that other
computerized techniquescannot
▸ DSS–generally developed to solve specific managerial problems, whereas
BIsystems typically do reporting
▸ The AISSIGDSSclassification: data-driven, model-driven,
communications-driven, document-driven, knowledge-driven, hybrid DSS
▸ Majorcomponentsof a DSS:database and its management,model base
and its management, and a user-friendly interface. Knowledge-based
component is anoptional

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