WEE CAREGIVING NC II- 12

K3

Name: ____________________________________________________ Grade Level: ___12______

Section: ____________________________ Date:
__________________

Eating the right kind and amount of food keeps our body healthy. It also boosts our immune system which helps us
fight different kinds of diseases and illnesses such as COVID-19. A well-balanced diet provides all of the: energy
you need to keep active throughout the day nutrients you need for growth and repair, helping you to stay strong and
healthy and promotes overall health.

Learning Competency: LO 3. Feed infants and toddlers (TLE_HECG912SI-If-h-3)

3.2 Discuss infant diet
3.10 Discuss the do’s and don’ts in feeding an infant or toddler

Information Sheet:

Food and its presentation are extremely important during the baby’s first year. Physical and mental development are
dependent on the food itself and psychosocial development is affected by the time and manner in which the food is
offered.
It is preferable to feed the infant on demand. Feeding on demand prevents frustrations that hunger can bring and help
the child develop trust in people. The newborn may required more frequent feedings but normally the demand
schedule averages approximately every 4 hours by the time the baby is 2 or 3 months old.

NUTRTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

INFANCY
The first year of life is a period of the most rapid
growth in one’s life. A baby doubles its birth weight
by 6 months of age and triple it within the first year.
This explains why the infant’s energy, vitamin,
mineral and protein requirements are higher per unit
of body weight than those of older children or
adults. Nutritional needs depend largely on child’s
growth rate. During the first year, the normal child
needs 98 to 108 calories per gram of body weight each day. This is approximately 2 or 3 times of adult requirement.
Low birth weights infants and infants who have suffered from malnutrition or illness require more than the normal
number of calories per kilogram of body weight.

The basis of infant’s diet is breast milk or formula. Either one is highly nutritious, digestible, food containing proteins,
fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and water. It is recommended that infants up to 6 months of age or have 2.2

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grams of protein per kilogram of weight each day, and from 6 to 12 months, 1.56 grams of protein per kilogram per
weight each day. This is satisfactorily supplied by human milk or by infant formula. Infants have more water per
pound of body weight than adults do, thus they usually need, 1.5ml of water per calorie. This is the same ratio of water
to calories as is found in human milk and in most infant formula.

Essential vitamins and minerals can be supplied in breast milk, formula and food. Except for Vitamin D, breast milk
provides all the nutrients an infant need for 4 to 6 months of life.An infant is born with a 3-6 months supply of iron.
When the infant reaches 6 months of age, the pediatrician usually starts the infant on iron-fortified cereal.

Human milk usually supplies the infant with sufficient Vitamin C. Newborn lacks intestinal bacteria to synthesize Vit.
K, so they are routinely given Vit. K supplement shortly after birth. Care must be taken that infants do not receive
excessive amounts of either vitamins A and D because both can be toxic in excessive amounts. Vit. A can damage the
liver and cause bone abnormalities and Vit. D can damage the cardiovascular system and kidneys.

Breastfeeding Advantages:

B- est for babies F- inancially stable

R- educes allergy E- nhanced bonding
E- asily stablished E-conomical
A- ccessible D-igestible
S- safe and soften stools I- mmediately available
T-emperature always right N- utritious
G- astrointestinal diseases reduced

Remember!

Either way of feeding is acceptable

provided that the infant is given
love and attention during the
feeding.

During and after feeding, the infant

should be burped to release gas in
the stomach. Burping helps prevent
regurgitation.

Infants should be cuddled and held

in semi-upright position during the
feeding.

SUPPLEMENTARY FOOD:
The general recommendation is that the infants diet be limited to breast milk or formula until the age of 4-6 months
and that breast milk or formula milk remain the major food source until the child is 1 year old with the appropriate
supplements of iron and Vit. D and possibly Vit. C and fluoride. Solid foods must be introduced gradually and

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individually. One food is introduced and then no other new food for 4 or 5 days. If there is no allergic reaction,
another food can be introduced, a waiting period allowed, then another, and so on.

Do’s and Don’ts in Feeding an Infant or Toddler

Parents need good knowledge to ensure adequate and balanced nutrition for their kids, especially in infancy, that is the
first two years of their child’s life. During this dynamic phase, which is marked by rapid development, a sufficient
amount and appropriate composition of nutrients are crucial for growth and functional outcomes in terms of cognition,
immune response, metabolic programming of long-term-health, and well-being.

Shortfalls in nutrient intakes can be largely explained by the fact that refined rice was the major source of many key
nutrients, while nutrient-dense food types such as milk, fruits, and vegetables only played a little role in the diet.
 Children have many taste buds and are born with the ability to taste, smell and discriminate among a variety of foods;
and to learn to like and enjoy a variety of foods that are pleasurable and healthy. Furthermore, food pleasure can be
learned early and through guidance.

Do’s:
 Breastfeed if possible, since breast milk carries flavors from the mother’s diet that encourage later acceptance of a
variety of foods; Breastfeed immediately after birth.
 Cradle the infant when feeding them.
• Burp the infant in between and after feeding.
• Give a mix of infant cereals, vegetables and fruits first after milk (start at six months);
• Train baby’s taste early to accept vegetables and fruit which can be bitter and sour;
• Try to feed your baby a variety of vegetables and healthy baby snacks with different flavors and textures daily; at
about seven months give healthy finger food to chew on (different shapes, faces of veggies);
• Make healthy foods pleasurable via food pairing, cooking together, experiencing ingredients, gaining knowledge
about healthy foods, eating and enjoying together, growing veggies and eating them;
• As parents/guardian you are the child’s first and most important role model, they should eat the food they want their
child to eat and show them that they like it!

Don’ts:

 Don’t feed the baby when lying flat on back to prevent choking and aspiration.
• Don’t give up after only two to three tries. If your baby does not accept a new food, offer it on at least eight
occasions between those that he likes. Exposing infants early to the taste of commonly rejected foods, such as
vegetables, is a powerful strategy to increase food preference, beyond food neophobia or the pickiness phase;
• Don’t try to force infant to eat, but do make sure he or she takes at least a tiny taste at each meal. Some infants
hardly eat any of an initially disliked vegetable for five to six days and then suddenly they start to eat and enjoy it;
• Don’t panic! Be patient and calm if a child rejects a food. Fussy children do grow out of it.
• Don’t put disliked food on the plate next to liked food and expect a child to eat them all.

With respect to allergy and early food variety, according to Maier-Nöth, high food diversity during complementary
feeding might actually be beneficial in preventing food allergy. The period between birth to two years offers a one-
time opportunity to shape food preferences and habits that will have an important impact on a child’s growth and
health. It is an opportunity that parents need to recognize and invest in.

Do supervise your child while eating. Infants should be able to sit upright and face forward when you first introduce
solid foods. This makes swallowing easier and choking less likely. Don't feed directly from the jar of food but instead
spoon some food into a separate dish first.

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 WEE CAREGIVING NC II- 12
K3
Activity Sheet #3

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: _____________________

Subject: ____________________________ Contact #: _________________

Direction: Read each statement carefully. Write T if the statement is correct and F if the statement is false. Write your
answers on the space provided before each number.

___________1. Proper nutrition plays a role in physical and mental development of infants.

___________2. Breastfeeding is best for babies up to 2 years.

___________3. Good nutrition doesn’t help in preventing certain illness.

___________4. Infants should be lying flat on bed when feeding them.

___________5. Foods must be introduced one at a time.

___________6. Infants must sit upright before introducing solid foods.

___________7. Lying the baby flat on his/her back can cause aspiration.

___________8. Bottle feeding is not acceptable.

___________ 9. Infants have more water in pound in their body.

___________10. Force the infant if he/she rejects the food.

_____________________________ _______________________________
Signature Over Printed Name Signature Over Printed Name
Student Parent

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Teacher:
Gina Claire G. Bulawit -09103530759

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