C2, Chapter 1

Answers Marks

1 a transferred 1
b covalent 1
2 a simple molecule 1
b giant covalent 1
c metal 1
d giant ionic 1
3 a 1 1
b 6 1
c 4 1
d 3 1
4 a FeCl3 1
b i Na2S 1
ii Na2SO4 1
5 Ca2+, OH– 2

6 a i element 1
ii compound 1
b It loses an electron. 2
c i Right hand diagram with seven crosses and one dot in outermost shell
(allow diagram with all crosses). 1
ii Oppositely charged ions attract each other. 1
7 a Each correctly drawn part of the diagram should be answered (one mark). 4
• Correctly drawn potassium atom (one electron in outer shell).
• Correctly drawn chlorine atom (seven electrons in outer shell).
• Correctly drawn potassium ion: no electron in outer shell (accept eight
electrons in outer shell) and brackets with  charge top right.
• Correctly drawn chloride ion: eight electrons in outer shell and brackets
with – charge top right.
b For example, H atom: circle with a single dot, Cl atom: circle with seven 2
crosses overlapping H circle so that a dot and cross are shared or
alternative with no circles. Must be one electron different from seven others
and a shared pair including that electron clearly shown for two marks. One
mark for a shared pair of electrons, or eight electrons all with the same
symbol.
8 Electrons in the highest (occupied) energy level/outer shell are delocalised/ 3
free (to move), leaving or surrounding positive ions (in regular
lattice/arrangement), electrons attract/hold together the positive ions.

New AQA GCSE Science © Nelson Thornes Ltd 2011 1