8/17/2021 TIN Model: Components (Nodes, Edges, Triangles, & Hull) & Advantages- One-Stop GIS (GATE-Geoinformatics 2022)

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TIN Model: Components (Nodes, Edges, Triangles, & Hull) &
Advantages (Especially for GATE-Geospatial 2022)
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TIN Model
A triangular irregular network (TIN) is a digital data structure used in a geographic
information system (GIS) for the representation of a surface. TIN is an irregular Network
stored GIS data for 3D surface model. A TIN is a vector-based representation of the
physical land surface or sea bottom.

The basic unit of TIN Model is a triangle. The TIN model represents a surface as a set of
contiguous, non-overlapping triangles. The triangle is represented by a sequence of three
nodes.

The TIN model is attractive because of its simplicity and economy and is a significant
alternative to the regular raster of the GRID model.

Advantages and Disadvantages of TIN Model

Advantages – Ability to describe the surface at different level of resolution Efficiency in
strong data

Disadvantages – in many cases require visual inspection and manual control of the
network

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Components of TIN
Four components of TIN describe below:

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Nodes
The nodes originate from the points and line vertices contained in the input data sources.
Every node is incorporated in the TIN triangulation.

Edges
Every node is joined with its nearest neighbors by edges to form triangles which satisfy
the Delaunay criterion. Each edge has two nodes, but a node may have two or more
edges.

Triangles
Each triangular facet describes the behavior of a portion of the TIN՚s surface. The x, y, z
coordinate values of a triangle՚s three nodes can be used to derive information about the
facet, such as slope, aspect, surface area, and surface length.

Hull

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8/17/2021 TIN Model: Components (Nodes, Edges, Triangles, & Hull) & Advantages- One-Stop GIS (GATE-Geoinformatics 2022)

The hull of a TIN is formed by one or more polygons containing the entire set of data
points used to construct the TIN. The hull polygons define the zone of interpolation of the
TIN. The hull of a TIN can be formed by one or more polygons which can be non-convex.

Developed by: Mindsprite Solutions

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