Grade 6

MATHEMATICS
QUARTER 2 – MODULE 3
MELC 5 & 6

Percentage, Rate
and Base

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PART 1:
MELC: Find the percentage, rate or b e in a given problem.

A. INTRODUCTION AND DISCUSSION

In this lesson you will have a broader understanding of percent. We will discuss
topics on finding percentage, rate, and base, applications of percent and finding percent of
change.

Lesson 1
Read.
Mark’s daily allowance is ₱40.00. He spends ₱12.00 for snacks. This is 30% of his
daily allowance.
In this case, we can now easily identify which is the percentage, the rate, or the base.
We let P be the percentage, R be the rate, and B be the base.
₱12.00 is the percentage (P) →It is the number or the amount that
represents a part of a whole.
30% is the rate (R) →It is the number compared to 100. It
usually has either a percent sign (%) or
the word “percent” with it.
₱40.00 is the base (B) →It is the number that represents the
whole or the entire amount.
The situation above can also be described as:
30% of 40 is 12 → 30 % × 40 = 12 →
↓ ↓ ↓
Rate (R)× Base( B) =Percentage ( P )

Finding the Percentage (Formulas

P) for Finding Percentage, Rate, and
Norman got 90% of 60 items correct in a Base
math test. How many correct items did he get?
Find: 90% of 60 = n  P= B × R
 R=P/B
Using Decimal Using Proportion
 B=P/R
90% of 60 = n Percentage
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ Rate = —————
Rate × Base Percentage Base
90% = .90 ↓
.90 × 60 = 54 90 = n
——— ——
100 60
100 n = 5400
100 n = 5400
Answer: 90% of 60 is 54 ——— ——
100 100
n = 54

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Finding the Rate ( R )

Thirty out of 40 pupils say mathematics is their favorite subject. What percent of the
pupils like math?

Find: n% of 40 = 30
↓ ↓ ↓
Rate Base = Percentage
Using Fraction Using Proportion
Percentage
n% of 40 = 30 Rate = ——————
n Base
——× = 40 = 30 n 30
100 —— = —— → n : 100 = 30 : 40
40 n 100 40
———— = 30 40 n = 3000
100
40 n = 30 × 100 40 n 3000
40 n = 3000 ——— = ——
40 n 3000 40 40
——— = ——— n = 75
40 40
n= 75

Finding the Base ( B )

Brunei has a population of 285 thousand. This is about 50% of the population of
Ilocos Sur. What is the population of Ilocos Sur?

Find: 50% of n = 285 thousand

Study: 50 % of n = 285 thousand

↓ ↓ ↓
Rate Base Percentage

Using Decimals: Using Proportion

Percentage
50 % of n = 285 Rate = —————
Base
0 .5 × n = 285 50 285
0.5 n = 285 ——— = —— → 50 : 100 = 285 : n
0.5 n 285 100 n
——— = —— 50 n = 28 500
0.5 0.5
n = 570 50 n 28 500
——— = ——
50 50
The population of Ilocos Sur is 570 n = 570
thousand.

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MELC: Solve routine and non-routine problems involving percentage, rate and base using
appropriate strategies and tools.

DISCUSSION:
A routine problem is a type of problem which there is an immediate solution. A
non-routine problem which requires analysis and insights into known principles of
Mathematics. It involves difficult problem solving.
To solve routine problems follow these steps:

Understand
— Know what is asked
— Know the given facts
— If any, determine the hidden questions
Plan
— Determine the operations to be used
— Write the number sentence
Solve
— Use the operation to solve

Check and Look Back

— Write the correct answer
—
Applications and Problem Solving
In a National conference, 300 people who attended were Ilokanos. If 30% of these
were Ilokano male professionals, how many Ilokano female professionals were there?

Understand.
a. What is asked?
The number of Ilokano female professionals in the National Conference. We are
looking for percentage.
b. What are the given facts?
A total of 300 Ilokanos were there. Of the total, 30% were male.
Plan.
If there were 30% male professionals, 100% — 30% = 70%. Therefore. 70% comprises the
number of female professionals. To solve the exact number of female professionals, we can
use the formula for finding percentage: P = R × 𝐵.
Solve.
Using the formula we have
P= R× 𝐵
= 70% × 300
= 0.70% × 300
P = 210 → the number of female professionals
Answer. There were 210 Ilokano female professionals in the national conference.
Check.
.30% × 300 = 0.30 × 300
= 90 → the number of male professionals
210 + 90 = 300 → total number of Ilokano professionals

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 ↓ ↓
female male

NOTE:
Percentage (P) is the number of amount that represents a part of a whole.
Rate (R) is the number compared to 100. Usually has either a percent sign (%) or the word “percent” with it.
Base (B) is the number that represents the whole or entire amount.
Formulas for finding Percentage (P), Rate (R), and Base (B):

Rate (R) = Percentage (P) Percentage = Base x Rate

Base (B)

Base (B) = Percentage (P)

Rate (R)

Part II. Activities

A. Activity 1. Identify the rate,base and percentage in the following problems.
Akiya deposited Php 2,500 in a bank. After a year, her money earned Php 125 which is
5% of his initial deposit
1. Rate: 2.Base: 3. Percentage

Romy saw a dictionary marked Php 480 at a bookstore. He bought it at a discount of 12% so
he paid Php 422.40
4. Rate: 5.Base: 6. Percentage
The total enrolment in our school is 212 pupils. Of these, 68 are Grades 1 and 2. Thirty-two
percent of the pupils are in Grade 1 and 2.
7. Rate: 8.Base: 9. Percentage

Activity 2. Solve for the percentage. Use the formula: Rate × Base = Percentage
Rate × Base = Percentage
10.Get 35% of 75 × =
11.Get 35% of 57 × =
12. Find 36% of 360 × =
13. Find 50% of 370 × =
14. Solve 45% of 900 × =
15. Solve 20% of 80 × =

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16. Get 10% of 250 × =

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Activity 3: Solve
(P=BxR) (R=P/B)
17. 10% of 50
19. ( 50, 25 )
18. 25% of 12
( B = P / R)
20. ( 50%, 500 )

B. Activity 1..Read and understand the problem below. Encircle the letter of the best
answer.
1. Shanthal has read 54% of a 150-page book. How many pages has she read?
a. 36 pages b. 71 pages c. 81 pages d. 51 pages
2. In Rayos Elementary School there are 202 pupils from Kinder to Grade 6. Of this number
126 watched a Pasikat . What percent of the pupils watched the play?
a. 62% b. 52% c. 61% d. 51%
3. A pair of rubber shoes usually sells at ₱800. How much will you pay for the pair of rubber
shoes if it is selling at 10% discounts?
a. ₱600 b. ₱640 c. ₱680 d. ₱720
4. A first quarter test has 70 items. Jazz answered 90% of the items correctly. How
many items did she answer incorrectly?
a. 7 b. 9 c. 54 d. 63
5. The Esquibal family ordered food worth ₱520 and paid additional 11% value-added tax.
How much did they pay in all?
a. ₱577.20 b. ₱557.30 c. ₱581.20 d. ₱562.12
6. In a grocery box, 20% are Ligo Sardines, 40% are Young’s Town Sardines and 10% are
Master Sardines. How many sardines are there in all?
a. 65 b. 50 c. 70 d. 100
7. Out of 50 items, Julito got 45 correct answer in Math test which is 90% of the test. What is
the base?
a. 45 b. 50 c. 90 d. none of the above
8. Jazz got 90% of 60 items correct in a math test. How many correct items did he get?
a.55 b. 54 c. 56 d. 53

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9. Thirty-two out of 50 pupils say mathematics is their favorite subject. What percent of
the pupils like math??
a. 63% b. 65% d. 60% d. 64%
10. Shelley deposited Php 5000 in a bank. After a year her money earned Php 500 which
is 10% of her initial deposit. What is Php 500 ?
a. base b. rate c. percentage d. deposit

Activity 2.Read and Solve.

11. Out of 50 items test in Mathematics, Shelley got 80%. How many correct items did she
get?
12. National Capital Region has a population of 980 thousand. This is about 10% of the
population of Pangasinan. What is the population Pangasinan?
13. Shintaro’s daily allowance is Php110.00. He spends Php 40.00 for snacks. What percent
he spends for his snack?
14. In a survey form there are 200 pupils respondent for what devices are available at home
that the learner can use for learning, only 10% of them has a laptop. How many pupils
have a laptop?
15. Of all books in the school library, 62% have plastic covers. There are 882 book in
all. About how many do not have plastic covers?
16. Mrs. Agnes R. Laluan earns Php 27,000 a month of her salary 40% are spent to pay her
water bills, electric bills and internet. After deducting all her consumption, how much of
her salary is left?

Activity 3. Read and understand the problem below.Then solve.

17. Two hundred fifty Grade 6 pupils were in the list of NAT examinees. Only 95% of the
pupils took the test. How many pupils took the test?
18. During the Feeding Program of Imbalbalatong ES, 20% of 200 pupils were absent. About
how many were present?
19. Jullian took a short test with 30 items. He answered 60% of the items correctly. How
many questions did he not answer correctly?
20. In Mrs Parinas class 5 pupils did not received a health kit from DOH. This is 20% of the
number of pupils in her class. How many pupils are there in Mrs. Parinas?

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Answer Key

References:
Mathematics in Everyday Life, pages 158-160
Mathematics for Everyday Use, pages177-180
21st Century Mathletes 6 ,pages 112-120

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Summative Evaluation

DIRECTIONS: Solve the following. Find the percentage, rate or base.

A. Find the percentage. ( P = B x R )

1. 10% of 100 2. 50% of 80

3. 15% of 140 4. 30% of 50

B. Find the rate.( R = P / B )

5. What percent of 50 is 9? 6. What percent of 8 is 4?
7. What percent of 250 is 100?
C. Find the base . ( B = P / R )
8. 4 is 10% of n
9. 10% of n = 5 10. 30% of n = 9

DIRECTION: Mark check (√) the column whether the following problems are looking for
percentage, rate or base.
Exercise Solve Percentage Rate Base
11. 75% of 40 is what number
12. 20% of Php.85.00 is what amount
13. 60 is 24% of what number
14. 50% of 90 is what number
15. 75 is what percent of 300
16. Php 140.00 is 70% of what amount

DIRECTION:Solve the following:

17. 75% of Php 68.00 is what amount? 18. 35% of 60 is what number?
19. 6 is 25% of what number? 20. What percent of 18 is 74?

DIRECTION: Read and understand the problem below. Then, solve.

1. Out of 32 pupils 70% of the pupils took the First Quarterly Test this new normal.

How many did not?

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2. Twenty-seven pupils say English as their favorite subject out of 32 pupils. What

percent of pupils like English?

3. In a math quiz, 28 out of 80 contestant qualified for the final round. What percent of

the contestants were qualified in the final round?

4. Fifty-five out of 88 intermediate pupils registered as members of the Math Wizard

Club. What percent of the pupils are members of the club?

5. Brgy. Malatong has a population of 365 thousand this is about 40% of the population

of Brgy. Masinop. What is the population of Brgy. Masinop?

6. Rina answered 75% of a 120 item test correctly. How many items did Rita answer

correctly?

7. Mang Ronnie planted 32% of pechay out of 150 seedlings. How many seedlings of

pechay did Mang Ronnie plant?

8. Mr. Buccat borrowed Php20,000 from a bank at 12% interest in one year.How much

will he pay at the end of the year?

9. Mariz has read 32% of a 164-page book. How many pages has she read?

10. Alex took a short exam with 35 items. He answered 86% of the items correctly.

How many questions did he not answer correctly?

DIRECTION: Read and solve.

11. There are 218 pupils in a school. Forty-eight percent of them joined the Investiture

Ceremony, how many pupils joined the Investiture Ceremony?

12. If there are 105 pupils joined the Investiture Ceremony 68 of them are girls,

what percent of the pupils are girls?

13. Shan Jose’s allowance is Php 60.00. He spent Php 25.00 for snacks. What percent he

spends for his snacks?

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 14. Twenty-six percent of Rizza’s cactus plant collection was sold. If she has 50

cactus plant, how many cactus plants does she have in all?

15. In Ms. Cruz class, 10 pupils received modules. This is 20% of the number of pupils

in her class. How many pupils are there in Ms. Cruz class.

DIRECTION: Read and understand the problem below. Then, solve.

16. A dressmaker can finish sewing the gown in 30days. If she has been sewing for

25 days, what percent of the sewing work has she not finished yet?

17. Shanjo’s toys collection is about 230. This is about 25% of the toy collection in

an online shop. What is the total number of toys in an online shop?

18. Miss Soriano earns Php 8128.00 a month. Of her salary, 19% is spent to pay her

apartment rental. After deducting the rent, how much of her salary is left?

19. Distribution of Modules Learning of Imregado Elementary School 80% of 220

pupils get their Modules Learning. About how many pupils did not get their

modules?

20. Mr. and Mrs. Reyes spend 50% of their monthly salaries for food. Mr Reyes earns

P2650,00 while his wife earns Php 2440,00. How much of their monthly salaries go

to their other expenses?