RAM Connection Training Manual

RAM Connection Fundamentals
RAM Connection V8i (SELECTseries 3)
Bentley Institute Course Guide
TRN016230-1/0001
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Copyright Notice
Copyright ©2010, Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
RAM Connection Fundamentals 2 Nov-10

Copyright © 2010 Bentley Systems, Incorporated
Table of Contents
Course Overview ____________________________________ 7

Course Description ____________________________________7
Target Audience_______________________________________7
Course Objectives _____________________________________7
Course Prerequisites ___________________________________8
Software Prerequisites _________________________________8
Course Modules_______________________________________8
RAM Connection Standalone __________________________ 9

Module Overview _____________________________________9
Module Prerequisites __________________________________9
Module Objectives_____________________________________9
Introductory Knowledge ________________________________10
Questions ________________________________________10
Answers __________________________________________11
Getting Started _______________________________________12
General Analysis Interface ___________________________12
Units ____________________________________________14
Design Configuration________________________________15
Load Conditions _______________________________________16
Load Cases________________________________________16
Load Combinations _________________________________17
Database ____________________________________________19
The Connections Database ___________________________20
Joint Definition________________________________________27
Joint Loading ______________________________________28
Connection Assignment_________________________________31
Trial and Error _____________________________________32
Basic Connections __________________________________34
Smart Connections _________________________________35
Customizing the Connections Toolbar _____________________37
Editing Joints and Connections ___________________________41
Redesign _________________________________________41
Editing Connections ________________________________43
Additional Smart Connections____________________________46
Gusset Connections_________________________________46
Nov-10 3 Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Base Plate Connections______________________________54

Seismic Provisions _____________________________________60
Seismic Loading ____________________________________60
Site Class _________________________________________62
Moment Frame Connections _________________________63
Connection Reports ____________________________________74
Additional Connection Examples (Optional) _________________76
Column Splice _____________________________________76
Seated Connection _________________________________79
Continuous Beam over Column _______________________81
Module Review _______________________________________83
Questions ________________________________________83
Answers __________________________________________84
RAM Connection with RAM Structural System ____________ 85

Module Overview _____________________________________85
Questions ________________________________________86
Answers __________________________________________87
Getting Started _______________________________________88
Analyze the Model _________________________________88
The Main Window__________________________________92
Select and Apply ___________________________________94
Global Coordinate System ___________________________95
Units ____________________________________________96
Load Conditions _______________________________________97
Design Configuration ___________________________________98
Databases____________________________________________99
Connection Assignment_________________________________100
Trial and Error _____________________________________100
Completing the Design ______________________________112
Redesign_____________________________________________118
Reviewing the Results __________________________________121
Moment Connections _______________________________133
Reviewing the Results _______________________________134
Module Review _______________________________________135
Questions ________________________________________135
Answers __________________________________________136
Table of Contents 4 Nov-10

Table of Contents
RAM Connection with RAM Elements ___________________ 137

Module Overview _____________________________________137
Questions ________________________________________138
Answers __________________________________________139
Getting Started _______________________________________140
General Analysis Interface ___________________________140
Preparing the Model ___________________________________142
Analysis __________________________________________142
Design ___________________________________________143
Design Configuration ___________________________________144
Databases____________________________________________145
Assigning Connections__________________________________146
Trial and Error _____________________________________146
Completing the Design ______________________________156
Reviewing the Results __________________________________161
Moment Connections _______________________________169
Reviewing the Results _______________________________171
Module Review _______________________________________173
Questions ________________________________________173
Answers __________________________________________174
RAM Connection with STAAD.Pro ______________________ 175

Module Overview _____________________________________175
Questions ________________________________________176
Answers __________________________________________177
Getting Started _______________________________________178
Defining Load Envelopes ________________________________179
RAM Settings _________________________________________180
Material Data _________________________________________181
Databases____________________________________________182
The Connections Database ___________________________182
Connection Design_____________________________________183
Base Plates _______________________________________190
Nov-10 5 Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Connection Pad _______________________________________191

Drawing and Result ____________________________________196
Connection Design Report_______________________________197
Module Review _______________________________________198
Questions ________________________________________198
Answers __________________________________________199
Course Summary ____________________________________ 201

Course Summary ______________________________________201
Course Review ________________________________________201
Questions ________________________________________201
Answers __________________________________________202
Table of Contents 6 Nov-10

Course Overview
Course Description
In the course, you will learn the basic skills to create steel connections in RAM
Connection, which includes creating, analyzing, designing, and optimizing
connections as a standalone application or in conjunction with analyzed models
from RAM Structural System, RAM Elements, and STAAD.Pro.
Target Audience
This course is recommended for the following audience(s):
• Structural Engineers
Course Objectives
After completing this course, you will be able to:
• Create and design connections in RAM Connection Standalone
• Create and design connections on an analyzed RAM Structural System model
with RAM Connection
• Create and design connections on an analyzed RAM Elements model with the
RAM Connection interface within RAM Elements
• Create and design connections on an analyzed STAAD.Pro model with the
RAM Connection design mode within STAAD.Pro
Nov-10 7 Course Overview

Course Prerequisites
Course Prerequisites
• A basic understanding of Structural Engineering Principles
• A basic understanding of RAM Structural System, RAM Elements, and
STAAD.Pro
Software Prerequisites
This manual was created using the following software versions:
• RAM Connection V8i (SELECTseries 3), Release 7.0.1 (Build 24)
• RAM Structural System V8i (SELECTseries 3), Release 14.03.00.00
• RAM Elements V8i (SELECTseries 2), Release 10.7.1 (Build 18)
• STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 2), 20.07.07.9
Note: Earlier or later versions of the software may be used with this training manual,
but you may encounter slight differences in the user interface and/or exercises.
This training manual is not applicable to RAM Connection V8i (SELECTseries 1)
or earlier.
Course Modules
The following course modules are included in this training manual:
• RAM Connection Standalone
• RAM Connection with RAM Structural System
• RAM Connection with RAM Elements
• RAM Connection with STAAD.Pro
Course Overview 8 Nov-10

RAM Connection Standalone
Module Overview
In this module, you will learn the basic skills to create and modify a connection in
RAM Connection Standalone.
Module Prerequisites
Module Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to:
• Generate load cases and load combinations
• Specify the connection design configuration
• Edit the connections database
• Define new joints and assign connections
• Design lateral connections for the seismic provisions
Nov-10 9 RAM Connection Standalone

Introductory Knowledge
Before you begin this module, let's define what you already know.
Questions
1 Which steel specification does RAM Connection Standalone design the
connections according to?
2 In order for RAM Connection to generate load combinations, which of the
following load case information is required?
• Load Label - Title / Description
• Load Category - i.e. Live Load, Wind Load, etc.
3 What databases may be modified in RAM Connection?
RAM Connection Standalone 10 Nov-10

Answers
1 Which steel specification does RAM Connection Standalone design the
connections according to?
RAM Connection Standalone designs connections according to the AISC
360-05 13th Edition for either ASD or LRFD or the BS 5950-1:2000. In
addition, RAM Connection Standalone can be used to design and analyze
connections under seismic loading according to the specifications and
requirements of AISC 341-05.
2 In order for RAM Connection to generate load combinations, the following
load case information is required:
Load Category - i.e Live Load, Wind Load, etc.
RAM Connection uses the Load Type to generate the load combinations
according to a variety of available codes that are included in RAM
Connection.
RAM Connection comes with many typical databases defined, but you
may want to add new information to the databases or edit the existing
information as follows:
• Connections Database
• Sections Database
• Materials Database
• Bolts Database
• Welds Database

Getting Started
Getting Started
RAM Connection Standalone is used for analysis and design of steel connections.
It is capable of designing individual shear, moment, brace and splice connection
types based on the AISC 360-05 or the BS5950-1:2000.
 Exercise: Open RAM Connection Standalone

1 Open RAM Connection Standalone by double clicking on the icon on your
desktop or navigating to the program location through the Start menu.
Note: When installing RAM Connection, two separate icons will be placed on
your desktop: RAM Connection Standalone and RAM Connection. RAM
Connection Standalone works independently of any other software,
while RAM Connection works in conjunction with an analyzed RAM
Structural System model.
RAM Connection
2 Click the RCSA button and then select Save As... Navigate to a convenient
location and save as RCSADataset_1.cnx.
3 Keep this model open for the next exercise.
General Analysis Interface

The General Analysis Interface of RAM Connection Standalone is divided into
several work areas:
• RCSA button - Displays the basic commands, such as Open or Save.
• Quick Access Toolbar - Contains frequently used commands, such as Save
Model or Undo.
• Ribbon - Contains commands that assist in the connection design and output
of results.
• Available Connections - Contains a list of available connections that can be
assigned.
• Graphic Area - Contains 3D view of the joint, connections, and members.

Getting Started
• Joint Selection Area - Contains thumbnail views of the model joints in the
active file. To select a joint, click on the image.
• Joint Data Display Area - Contains member and connection data of the
selected joint.
• Status Bar - Presents useful information, such as units or load conditions.
RCSA button
Quick Access Toolbar Graphic Area
Ribbon Joint Data Display Area
Joint Selection Area Status Bar Available Connections

Getting Started
Units
Before connection data information is entered, the unit system should be
selected. All subsequent data will be entered according to the units selected.
 Exercise: Specify the Default Units

1 Continue with the model from the previous exercise.
2 In the Status Bar, click on the Units button and then select Units
Configuration from the pop-up menu.
3 In the Units dialog, select the English button in the Default Units for
System field.
Note: In the Units dialog, the units for each field can be customized to
facilitate data entry.
4 In the Units dialog, click OK.
5 In the Quick Access Toolbar, select the Save icon.

Getting Started
Design Configuration
The following connection design criteria can be customized based on your project
requirements:
• Design Standard: AISC 360-05 or BS 5950-1:2000
• Design Method: ASD or LRFD (only applicable for AISC 360-05)
Hint: The design standard and design method should be coordinated with the
design load combinations.
• Design Parameters: Maximum Strength Ratio Limit
Note: The maximum strength ratio will affect the design and the code check
for the determination of the status of the connection. The default for
the maximum strength ratio is 1.0, but a lesser value may also be
selected if a more conservative design is preferred.
• Seismic Design Parameters: Seismic Provisions and the Seismic Site Class
 Exercise: Customize the Connection Design Criteria

2 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Customize Connection
Design launcher in the Assignment tools.
Click Here
3 In the Customize Connection Design dialog, enter the following
parameters:
• Design Standard: AISC 360-05
• Design Method: LRFD
• Maximum Strength Ratio Limit: 1.0
• Consider Seismic Provisions: (unchecked)
4 In the Customize Connection Design dialog, click OK.

Load Conditions
Load Conditions
In RAM Connection Standalone load conditions are defined using the Load
Condition tools in the Home tab of the Ribbon.
Load Cases
The dead load case is automatically included in the load case list by RAM
Connection. All other load cases (such as live, wind, or seismic) must be added to
the load case list before loading is applied to a joint. To input a new load case,
select the Add and Edit Load Conditions icon.
Load cases can be added to the Load Conditions dialog, shown below. The ID and
Description are input by the user for convenience and will appear in the Load
Condition list. The Category defines the type of load and is used for load
combination generation.
Load Case
Generation
Tools
Hint: Notice the additional tools available at the right side of the dialog.

Load Conditions
The active load condition is indicated in the Status Bar.
 Exercise: Define Load Cases

2 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Add and Edit Load
Conditions icon.
3 In the Load Conditions dialog, enter the load cases as shown in the table
below:
Num ID Description Category

1 DL Dead Load DL
2 LL Live Load LL
3 WL Wind Load WIND
4 In the Load Conditions dialog, click OK.

Load Combinations
Load Combinations may be input manually or generated by RAM Connection
Standalone based on the Load Case Category applied to each load when it was
defined.
• To manually input new load conditions, select the Add and Edit Load
Conditions icon.
• To generate load combinations, select the Generate Load Combinations icon.

(RAM Connection Standalone comes with a list of available codes for load
combination generation.)

Load Conditions
Note: RAM Connection Standalone does not perform an automatic generation

of load combinations. Therefore, the load combinations should be
verified and/or modified when new load cases are defined.
 Exercise: Generate Load Combinations

2 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and the Generate Load Combinations
icon.
3 In the Generate Load Combinations dialog, highlight the ASCE 7-05 LRFD
factored load combos.rag generator.
Note: In the right side of the Generate Load Combinations dialog, the
combination formulas that will be generated with the selected load
combination generator are indicated. Notice the “OR” before the WIND
or EQ load case categories. This indicates that only one wind or seismic
load case will be applied to a single load combination. The “AND” before
the other load case categories indicated that the load cases are additive.
Note: The generator files that are installed with RAM Elements cannot be
modified. You can, however, create custom load generator files using
the tools at the right side of the Generate Load Combinations dialog.
4 In the Generate Load Combinations dialog, click the Generate button.

5 In the Combinations Selection dialog, ensure all load combinations are
selected and then click OK.
Note: Notice that for this generator, the wind load is only considered in the
positive direction. If you wish to consider wind load acting in the
opposite direction, create additional wind loads for the negative
direction.
6 In the RAM Connection Standalone V8i dialog, click OK.

Database
Database
RAM Connection Standalone utilizes a series of databases to assign properties to
connections. RAM Connection comes with many typical databases defined, but
you may want to add new information to the databases or edit the existing
information using the Database tools, located in the Home tab on the Ribbon.
The following databases may be customized in RAM Connection Standalone:

• Bolts Database
• Welds Database
Each database is organized by group, table, and item. The group indicates the
region for which the database is applicable, such as United States or Europe. The
table indicates the type of sections, materials, connections, bolts or welds
contained in the group. The item indicates the properties for each section,
material, connection, bolt, or weld contained in the table.
Note: The databases (items, tables, and groups) installed with RAM Connection
cannot be modified. However, new groups, tables, and items can be created.
By default, the databases are located on your local hard drive and are not integral
with the model. If customizations are made to a database and used in a model,
anyone else opening this model will not have the correct information to allow an
analysis. To avoid a database error, you can store the databases in a common
folder on a network.
Hint: To store the database on a network, click on the RCSA button and then select
the General Configuration button. In the Configuration dialog, select the
Default Folders tab to specify the path to the network databases.
Once custom information has been defined in the databases, they will appear in
the available lists, based on the naming convention.

Database
The Connections Database

When adding new connection templates to the Connections Database, the
following naming convention has been adopted:
“Connection Type - Connection Family - Design Parameters”
The AISC 360 Connection Types available in RAM Connection are as follows:
• CA - Shear Clip Angle(s) • TEE - Shear Tee

• SP - Shear Single Plate • MT - Moment Tees
• EP - Shear End Plate • BP - Bent Plate(s)
• FP - Flange Plate • EEP - Extended End Plate
• CP - Cap Plate • MA - Moment Angles
• SS - Stiffened Seated • US - Unstiffened Seated
• PBr - Plate Bracket • TBr - Tee Bracket
• TP - Through Plate (HSS Support) • 4A - Four Angle Beam Splice
• DW - Directly Welded Moment • CBB - Column-Beam-Braces
• CVR - Chevron Braces • VXB - Vertical X Braces
• BPl - Base Plate • GBP - Gusset Base Plate
The Connection Families available in RAM Connection are as follows:
• BCF - Beam-Column Flange • BS - Beam Splice

• BCW - Beam-Column Web • CS - Column Splice
• CBB - Column, Beams, and Braces • CC - Continuous Beam over Column
• CVR - Chevron Braces • VXB - Vertical Braces
• BG - Beam-Girder • CB - Column-Base
• CB - Column-Base Braces
The connection templates that are installed with RAM Connection a separated
according to function (shear, moment, combined or bracing) and type (single
plate, end plate, etc).

Database
 Exercise: Define a New Connection Template

2 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and the Connection Database icon.
Connection Groups
Database
Tools
Connection
Items
Connection
Tables

Database
Hint: Connection items or template groups can also be exported or imported

from a spreadsheet program, such as Excel, to allow assistance with
modifying or creating templates. Use the Export Items to Clipboard icon
or Import Items from Clipboard icon in the Database Tools.
3 In the Connections dialog, select the Add New Group icon.
4 In the New Group dialog, enter Training into the Name field and then click
OK.
5 In the Connections dialog, select Training from the Group pull down menu
and then select the New Table icon.
6 In the New Table dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Name: Training SP - BCF
• Connection Loading: Shear
• Design Code: AISC
• Family: Beam - Column Flange
• Type: Single Plate
Click OK.
Hint: Refer to the Help window at the right side of the New Table dialog for
additional information regarding the type of connection. A single plate
connection is always welded to the column and bolted to the
supporting beam.

Database
7 In the Connections dialog, highlight the Training SP - BCF table and then
click the New Item icon.
8 Keep the Template dialog open for the next exercise.
The Connection Pad
The Connection Pad is used to define new connection templates for the database
or to modify connections that have been assigned in the model. The Connection
Pad is divided into several work areas:
• Ribbon - Contains commands that assist in the visualization, design and
output of results.
• Properties Area - Used to enter connection information.
• Drawing Area - Displays the entered data as an Extruded or DXF view.
Note: All text displayed in RED in the DXF view may be modified in the Drawing
Area and will be reflected back in the Properties Area.
• Help Area - Used to display information about the specific item selected in the
Properties Area.
• Status Bar - Contains the traffic indicator light, which indicates the status of
the connection:
• Red Light (left) - Indicates the design is failing.
• Yellow Light (middle) - Indicates the design is complete with warnings.
• Green Light (right) - Indicates the design is successful.
• No Light - Indicates the design must be re-verified since some
parameters may have been modified.

Database
Ribbon Drawing Area
Properties Area Status Bar (Traffic Indicator Light) Help Area

Database
 Exercise: Define the Connection Template Properties

1 Continue with the model from the previous exercise. The Template
Connection Pad should still be open.
2 In the Connection Pad, enter the following parameters:
• Name: SP_BCF_5/8PL_4B3/4
• Optimize during assignment: (unchecked)
Note: For this exercise, we will define a Basic connection. To define a Smart
connection, select the Optimize During Assignment checkbox. We will
discuss the difference between Basic and Smart Connections later in
this training.
Shear - Single Plate folder:
• tp: plate thickness: 0.625 inches
• Material: A36
• Plate position on beam: Center
• nr: Rows of Bolts: 4
• s: Pitch - longitudinal center-to-center spacing: 3 inches
• Lev: Vertical edge distance: 1.5 inches
• Leh: Horizontal edge distance: 1.5 inches
• a: Distance between weld and bolts: 3 inches
• Bolts: 3/4” A325N
• Hole type on plate: STD
• Hole type on beam: STD
• Welding electrode to support: E70XX
• D: Weld size to support (1/6 in): 7

Database
3 In the Connection Pad Ribbon, select the Save icon and then the Close
icon.
Note: In the Connections dialog, notice that the new connection item has been
added to the Training Shear Plate - BCF template group.
4 In the Connections dialog, click Close.
5 In the Information dialog, click OK.

Joint Definition
Joint Definition
In RAM Connection Standalone, the Joints tools, located in the Home tab of the
Ribbon, are used to define, edit, delete, or copy joints.
 Exercise: Define a New Joint

2 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Add New Joint icon.
3 In the New Joint dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Joint: BCF
• Has Opposite Beam: No
• Is Column End: No
Beam:
• Section: W16x45
• Material: A992 Gr 50
• Skew Angle: 0
• Slope Angle: 0
• SB: Beam Setback: 0.5 inches
• L: Length: 120 inches
• Continuous Lateral Torsional Restraint: Yes
Hint: To select a steel section, follow the steps indicated below:

• In the New Joint dialog, select the Section pull down menu.
• In the Section dialog, select the United States group, the W table
and the W16x45 item.
• Click OK.

Joint Definition
Hint: To select a steel material, follow the steps indicated below:

• In the New Joint dialog, select the Material pull down menu.
• In the Material dialog, select the United States group, the Steel
table, and the A992 Gr50 item.
• Click OK.
Column:
• Section: W16x89
4 Keep the New Joint dialog open for the next exercise.
Joint Loading
Depending upon the joint type you are designing, beam, column or brace loads
will be considered in the connection design.
Beam Loads:
• V2: Shear force acting at the beam end to be transmitted by the connection. It
is used in shear connections.
• M33: Bending moment acting at the beam end to be transmitted by the
connection. It is used in moment connections. This moment is normally
translated in a couple of concentrated forces acting on the flanges, one in
tension and the other in compressions. The resulting flange forces are used for
many of the capacity checks.
• Axial: Axial forces acting on the beam. It is used in moment connections.
Note: The following figure shows the positive sign convention for beam loads:

Joint Definition
Column Loads:
• Axial: Axial force acting on the column. It is used in column splices, for column
stiffening, to verify the stiffener capacity.
• V2: Shear force acting in the column minor axis. It is used in the shear
reduction of the panel-zone web shear of the column.
• V3: Shear force acting in the column major axis.
• M22: Bending moment on the minor axis of the column. It is used in column
splices.
• M33: Bending moment on the major axis of the column. It is used in column
splices.
Note: The following figure shows the positive sign convention for column
loads:
Brace Loads:
• Axial: Axial force acting on the brace. The axial force is transmitted to the
gusset plate by web or flange connectors. The negative sign is used for
compression.

Joint Definition
 Exercise: Enter the Joint Loading

1 Continue with the model from the previous exercise. The New Joint dialog
should still be open.
2 In the New Joint dialog, click the Loads button and enter the following
parameters:
Beam Column
Condition V2 Axial M33 M22 MMax MLT V2 Axial M33
DL 10 kips
LL 30 kips
WL 10 kips
Hint: The units applicable to each type of load are displayed in the upper right
corner of the New Joint dialog. If the units are changed after the loads
are entered, the values will be converted automatically to the new
units.
3 In the New Joint dialog, click OK.

Connection Assignment
In RAM Connection, you can design connections according to one of the following
methods:
• Trial and Error: Assign a connection from the database and RAM Connection
will indicate if the connection assigned is adequate or not. If the connection is
not adequate, you can manually assign another connection or adjust the
parameters of the initial connection until all the requirements are fulfilled.
• Basic Connections: RAM Connection will search the list of available
connections in the database until it finds a connection that works well in the
joint according to the defined geometry and loading.
• Smart Connections: RAM Connection will adapt the connection design
parameters automatically until the connection fulfills the requirements. These
parameters may include bolt number, weld size, or plate size.
In RAM Connection Standalone, the connections can be assigned using the

Assignment tools, located in the Design tab of the Ribbon.
Note: Redesign tools are available if the joint parameters change after the connection
is assigned. The Redesign tools, however, are not applicable to connections that
were assigned through a “Trial and Error” process.

Trial and Error

In RAM Connection, you can assign a connection template to the connection that
coordinates with the connection geometry.
 Exercise: Perform a Trial and Error Connection Design

2 In the Available Connections Area, highlight the following items:
• Group: United States
• Table: Single Plate BCF
• Item: SP_BCF_3/8PL_3B3/4
Hint: If you cannot see the Available Connections Area, select the Design tab in
the Ribbon and then click the Connections Template icon.
3 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Assign Template icon.
4 In the Connection Assignment dialog, click Close.
Note: RAM Connection Standalone has checked the connection geometry and
loading against the selected template.
5 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then activate the Critical Load
Condition icon.
In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is greater than 1.0
for load combination DS2 (1.2DL + 1.6LL). The indicator light is red,
indicating that this connection has failed the code check.
Note: Since this joint was manually assigned a connection, the redesign tools
in the Design tab of the Ribbon are not applicable.

6 In the Available Connections area, highlight the following items:

• Group: Training
• Table: Training SP - BCF
• Connection Item: SP_BCF_5/8PL_4B3/4
7 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Assign Template icon.
Note: In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is less than 1.0 for
load combination D2 (1.2DL + 1.6LL). The indicator light is green,
indicating that this connection has passed the code check.

Basic Connections
In RAM Connection, Basic Connections are connection templates that are
included in the program and ready to use. RAM Connection will search in a list of
the connections in the database until it finds a connection that works well for the
joint according to the defined geometry and loading.
Note: RAM Connection Standalone will analyze and select connection items in the
order that they appear in the Assignment Button.
 Exercise: Perform a Basic Connection Design

2 In the Joint Selection Area, highlight Joint 1.
3 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Copy icon.
4 In the Confirm dialog, click OK to copy Joint 1.
Note: RAM Connection Standalone has created a copy of Joint 1, including all
of the joint parameters and joint loading, with no connection
assignment. Joint 2 should be active in the Joint Selection Area.
5 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Assign icon.
6 In the pull down menu, select Basic Connections > Basic SP.
Note: RAM Connection Standalone has assigned a basic connection template

with the following parameters:
• Shear Plate Thickness: 3/8 inches
• Weld Size (Plate to Column): 5/16 inch
• Bolts (Plate to Beam): 4-3/4” A325N
Note: In the Joint Selection Area, the indicator light is green, indicating that
this connection has passed the code check.

Smart Connections
In RAM Connection, Smart Connections are connection templates that can
automatically calculate the quantity and dimensions of the connecting pieces to
resist the applied forces. The following parameters will be optimized when a
Smart Connection is assigned to a joint:
Connection Type Optimized Connection Parameters

Double Angle Number of bolts or weld size, angle size
Double Angle - Number of bolts, angle size
Beam Splice
Single Plate Number of bolts, plate size, weld size to support
Single Plate - Number of Bolts, plate size
Beam Splice
End Plate Number of bolts, plate size, weld size to beam for
bolted connections and plate and weld sizes for
welded connections
Shear Tee Tee size, number of bolts for bolted connections and
weld size for welded connections
Stiffened Seat Bolt rows, weld size, and connector size
Unstiffened Seat Angle size, bolt rows, or weld size
Directly Welded Extended plate size for BCW connections
Bolted Flange Plate Bolt rows, distances between bolts, top and bottom
plate thickness, weld size to support
Welded Flange Plate Weld sizes, top and bottom plate sizes
Extended End Plate Bolt sizes, top and bottom plate sizes
Bolted Moment Angle Bolt rows and angle size

 Exercise: Perform a Smart Connection Design

3 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Copy icon.
4 In the Confirm dialog, click OK to copy Joint 1.

6 In the pull down menu, select Smart Connections > Smart SP.
Note: In the Joint Data Display Area, notice that RAM Connection Standalone
has assigned the following parameters to this connection:
• Weld Size (Plate to Column): 1/4 inch
• Bolts (Plate to Beam): 4-3/4” A325N
Note: Compare the Basic and Smart Connection results for an identical joint:
Parameter Basic Connection Smart Connection

Shear Plate Thickness 3/8 inch 5/16 inch
Weld Size (Plate to Column) 5/16 inch 1/4 inch
Bolts (Plate to Beam) 4-3/4” A325N 4-3/4” A325N
Note: In the Single Plate BCF table, within the United States Group, basic
connections templates for 1/4”, 1/2”, and 3/8” are available. Therefore,
RAM Connection Standalone assigned a 3/8” basic connection template
to the same connection.

Customizing the Connections Toolbar

The Connection toolbar determines the list of connection templates that will be
associated with the assignment buttons and the order in which these connections
will be attempted.
Available Database Templates Group and Assignment Buttons
Note: Connection items cannot be added or removed from the standard assignment
buttons included by RAM Connection Standalone. New assignment buttons,
however, can be created and customized per your requirements.

Note: See the figure below for the terminology used in the following exercise:
Toolbar
Assignment
Buttons
 Exercise: Create a Custom Basic Connection Assignment Button

2 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Assign icon. In the pull
down menu, select Customize the Toolbar.
3 In the Connections Toolbar dialog, select the USER toolbar in the Toolbar
pull down menu and then select the New Group icon.
4 In the New Group dialog, enter Training Toolbar into the Name field and
then click OK.
5 In the Connections Toolbar dialog, highlight Training Toolbar and then
select the New Assigning Button icon.
6 In the New Button dialog, enter the following parameter and then click
OK:
• Name: Training SP

7 In the Connections Toolbar dialog, select United States from the Group
pull-down menu. Then, highlight the following information:
• Table: Single Plate BCF
• Items: Use the Shift and Control keys to highlight all of the connection
items, except the SP BCF connection template.
• Assigning Button: Training SP
Select the Add Connection to Selected Button icon.
8 In the Connections Toolbar dialog, select Training from the Group pull-
down menu. Then, highlight the following information:
• Table: Training SP - BCF
• Items: SP_BCF_5/8PL_4B3/4
• Assigning Button: Training SP
Select the Add Connection to Selected Button icon.
Note: We have now created an Assigning Button that contains connections

from the standard RAM Connections group and the custom group we
created in the previous exercises.
9 In the Connections Toolbar dialog, highlight the SP_BCF_5/8PL_4B3/4
connection item, within the Training SP Assignment button, and move it
above all of the 1/2 inch and 3/8 inch shear plate connection items using
the Move Item Up icon.
Note: RAM Connection Standalone will analyze and select connection items in
the order they appear in the selected Assignment Button. Use the Move
Item Up or Move Item Down icons to re-order connection items as
desired.
10 In the Connections Toolbar dialog, click OK.

 Exercise: Use the Custom Assignment Button to Design a Connection

4 In the pull down menu, select Training Toolbar > Training SP.
Note: In the Joint Data Display Area, notice that RAM Connection Standalone
has assigned the following connection template to this connection:
SP_BCF_5/8PL_4B3/4. This was the first connection in the Assignment
button which passed all of the connection code checks and
requirements.

Editing Joints and Connections

Over the course of a project, the joint or connection design parameters may need
to be adjusted after the initial connection design is established. Using the redesign
or editing tools, you can update the joint or connection parameters.
Redesign
If joint data, loading, or the connection templates are modified after a connection
is assigned using the Assign icon, the Redesign tools are available to verify and
update the connection as required.
Warning: RAM Connection Standalone will not automatically redesign a connection

after the design parameters are modified.
Warning: The redesign tools cannot be used on connections that were assigned by
Trial and Error.
A redesign basically repeats the assigning process using the original connection
assigning button. The two options for redesigning connections are:
• Redesign All: All of the joints in the file will be redesigned.
• Redesign Current: Only the current joint will be redesigned.
 Exercise: Redesign the Smart Connection

3 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Edit Current Joint icon.

4 In the Joint 3 dialog, click the Loads button and modify the following
parameters:
Beam Column
Condition V2 Axial M33 M22 MMax MLT V2 Axial M33
DL 8 kips
LL 20 kips
WL 8 kips
5 In the Joint 3 dialog, click OK.
Note: In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is less than 1.0
and the original stress ratio of the assigned connection. We will now
redesign this connection to see if a more efficient connection can be
selected.
6 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Redesign Current icon.
8 In the Joint Data Display Area, notice that RAM Connection Standalone has
assigned the following parameters to this connection:
• Weld Size: 3/16”

Editing Connections
Connection parameters can be edited and verified in the Connection Pad, which
can be accessed through the Connection tools, located in the Design tab of the
Ribbon.
Hint: Editing connections in the Connection Pad can be useful if the design was not
successful or if you are verifying an existing connection.
Within the Connections Pad, the following symbols are used to differentiate
between parameters that can and cannot be saved in the Connections Pad:
• The following symbol indicates a parameter that may be modified, verified,
and saved once the Connection Pad is closed. These parameters include plate
thickness, bolt spacing, or bolt size.
• The following symbol indicates a parameter that may be modified and

verified, but will not be saved once the Connection Pad is closed. These
parameters include beam size and materials, loads on the connection, or
column sizes and materials.
At the bottom of the Connection Pad, the traffic indicator light will indicates the
status of the connection as follows:
• No Light - Indicates the design must be re-verified since some parameters may
have been modified.

 Exercise: Edit the Smart Connection

1 Continue with the model from the previous exercise. In the Joint Selection
Area, Joint 3 should still be active.
2 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Edit icon. In the pull
down menu, select Shear Connection.
Hint: Alternately, the Connection Pad can be accessed from the following
areas:
• Graphic Area: Double click the connection in the Graphic Area. Only
use this method if only one connection is assigned to the joint.
• Joint Data Display Area: Click the Edit... button adjacent to the
connection design you are interested in.
3 In the Connection Pad, review the parameters that RAM Connection
Standalone has defined for this joint. The Help Area will display additional
information about each parameter when it is selected.
4 In the Connection Pad, select the DXF View tab.

Note: The graphics can be exported to a DXF and modified using the Model
Graphic and DXF Option tools in the Ribbon.
5 In the Connection Pad Ribbon, select the Results icon.
In the Steel Connections Report, the results of the connection are listed
including Geometric Considerations and Design Check results. For this
connection, the critical strength ratio is 0.78 and Block Shear is the
governing design check. Notice that RAM Connection Standalone provides
the Code Reference for each Design Check.
6 In the Steel Connections Report Ribbon, select the Close icon.
7 In the Connection Pad Ribbon, click the Close icon.


Additional Smart Connections

The gusset and base plate templates are defined as “Smart” Connections, as they
allow the program to determine the main connection parameters.
Gusset Connections
RAM Connection Standalone can design gusset connections for gusset-to-brace or
gusset-to-beam or column configurations. The types of gusset connections
available are listed below:
• CBB: Column-Beam-Brace
• CVR: Chevron Brace
• VXB: Vertical X Brace
The braces in gusset connection can only transmit axial load to the connection.
 Exercise: Design a Column-Beam-Brace Connection


• Joint: CBB
• Is column end: No
Actual Members:
• Right Beam: Yes
• Left Beam: No
• Upper Right Brace: Yes
• Upper Left Brace: No
• Lower Left Brace: No
• Lower Right Brace: No

Column:
• Section: W12X65
• Material: A992 Gr50
• Orientation: 0 degrees
Right Beam:
• Section: W16X36
• sb: Setback to the column: 0.5 in
Upper Right Brace:
• Section: HSS_SQR 5X5X3_8
• Material: A500 GrB rectangular
• Slope Angle: 45 degrees
• Rotation: 0 degrees
• sbB: Setback: 0.5 inches
parameters:
Beam(s) - Column(s):
Column Right Beam Left Beam
Condition V2 Axial M33 M22 V2 Axial V2 Axial
DL 50 kips 10 kips
LL 80 kips 30 kips
WL 50 kips 10 kips

Braces:
Top Right Top Left Bottom Left Bottom Right
Condition Axial Axial Axial Axial
DL
LL
WL -50 kips
7 In the pull down menu, select Gusset Connections > CBB_DA.

9 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and ensure that the Critical Load
Condition icon is still active.
In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is less than 1.0 and
the indicator light is green, indicating that this connection has passed the
code check.

 Exercise: Design a Chevron Brace Connection


• Joint: CVR
Actual Members:
• Upper Gusset: No
• Lower Gusset: Yes
Beam:
• Section: W18x60
Lower Left Brace, Lower Right Brace:
• Section: P 10.0
• Material: A53 GrB
• Slope Angle: 45
• Rotation: 0
parameters:
Beam
Condition V2 Axial M33 M22
DL 10 kips
LL 30 kips
WL 10 kips

Braces:
DL
LL
WL -100 kips 100 kips
7 In the pull down menu, select Gusset Connections > CVR.

code check.

 Exercise: Design a Vertical X-Brace Connection


• Joint: VXB
Upper Right Brace/Upper Left Brace/Lower Left Brace/Lower Right Brace:
• Section: HSS_SQR 5X5X3_8
• sbB: Setback: 0.5 in
parameters:
Braces:
DL
LL
WL -80 kips 80 kips -80 kips 80 kips

7 In the pull down menu, select Gusset Connections > VXB.

code check.

Base Plate Connections

RAM Connection Standalone can design base plates per ANSI/AISC 360-05 (LRFD
or ASD) and cast-in-place anchor bolts per ACI 318-08 Appendix D. The following
types of base plate connections can be designed using the “Smart” base plate
templates:
• Smart Pinned Base Plates
• Smart Fixed Base Plate (Uniaxial or Biaxial)
• Smart Gusset Base Plate
The following base plate parameters will be optimized when a smart base plate is
assigned to a connection:
• Thickness, length, and width of base plate
• Length and diameter of the anchors
• Weld size at the support
Column Base Loads
The analysis and design of base plate connections for column base plates are
performed considering the following reactions and the local axes shown in the
following figures:
• Axial: Axial forced acting on the column
• V2: Shear force acting on the column minor axis
• V3: Shear force acting on the column major axis
• M22: Bending moment about the minor axis of the column
• M33: Bending moment about the major axis of the column

 Exercise: Design a Pinned Base Plate


• Joint: CB
• Right Brace: No
• Left Brace: No
Column:
• Section: W12X87
4 In the New Joint dialog, select the Loads icon and enter the following
information:
Beam(s) - Column(s)
Column
Condition V2 V3 Axial M33 M22
DL -50 kips
LL -100 kips

7 In the pull down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Pinned
Base Plate.
code check.

 Exercise: Design a Fixed Base Plate

3 In the Joint 7 dialog, select the Loads icon and enter the following
information:
Column
DL -50 kips
LL -100 kips
WL 20 kip*ft 10 kip*ft
4 In the Joint 7 dialog, click OK.

6 In the pull down menu, select Base Plate Connections > Smart Fixed
Biaxial Base Plate.
code check.

 Exercise: Design a Gusset Base Plate

3 In the Joint 7 dialog, modify the following parameters:

• Right Brace: Yes
Column:
• Orientation: 90 degrees
Right Brace:
• Section: HSS_SQR_ 5X5X3_8
4 In the Joint dialog, select the Loads icon and enter the following
information:
Beam(s) - Column(s)
Column
DL -50 kips
LL -100 kips
WL

Braces:
(1) Right (2) Left
Condition Axial Axial
DL
LL
WL 10 kips
5 In the Joint dialog, click OK.

7 In the pull down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Gusset
Base Plate.
Note: In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is less than 1.0
and the indicator light is green, indicating a successful connection
design with no errors or warnings.

Seismic Provisions
Seismic Provisions
In RAM Connection Standalone can be used to design and analyze connections
subjected to seismic loading according to the following specifications and
requirements:
• ANSI/AISC 341-05: AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings
• ANSI/AISC 358-05: Prequalified Connections for Special and Intermediate
Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications
• FEMA 350-2000: when the former specifications do not cover the specific
connection (for Flange Plate Connections only)
Seismic Loading
In RAM Connection Standalone, define the seismic load cases and combinations
using the Load Condition tools in the Home tab of the Ribbon, similar to the
process we used to define the other load combinations.
Warning: RAM Connection does not automatically re-generate the load combinations
when new load cases are added.
To consider seismic provisions, load combinations can be generated in RAM

Connection Standalone according to AISC 341-05.
 Exercise: Define the Seismic Load Cases and Combinations

Conditions icon.

Seismic Provisions
3 In the Load Conditions dialog, add the seismic load case as described
below:
Num ID Description Category

4 EQ Seismic Load EQ
4 In the Load Conditions dialog, click OK.

icon.
6 In the Generate Load Combinations dialog, highlight the ASCE 7-05 LRFD
factored load combos.rag generator.
8 In the Combination Selection dialog, ensure all load combinations are
icon.
11 In the Generate Load Combinations dialog, highlight the ASCE 341-05
LRFD amplified seismic factored combos.rag generator.
13 In the Combination Selection dialog, ensure all load combinations are

Seismic Provisions
Site Class
If you are considering the seismic provisions in your connection design, you can
specify the site class in the Customize Connection Design dialog.
 Exercise: Specify the Seismic Provisions

2 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Customize Connection
Design launcher in the Assignment tools.
Click Here
parameters:
• Consider Seismic Provisions: (checked)
• Seismic Category: Site Class D

Seismic Provisions
Moment Frame Connections

RAM Connection Standalone, connections can be assigned to joints resisting both
shear and moment reactions, as follows:
• Assign a Shear Connection (such as a Basic SP) and a Moment Connection
(such as a Smart DW) to the same joint.
• Assign a Combined Connection (such as a Smart EEP) to the joint.
The following prequalified connections for seismic provisions are available in RAM
Connection:
• Directly Welded Connections:
• Welded Unreinforced Flanges (WUF)
• Reduced Beam Section (RBS)
• Flange Plate Connections:
• Welded Flange Plate (WFP)
• Bolted Flange Plate (BFP)
• Extended End Plate Connections:
• Four-Bolt Unstiffened (EEP-4E)
• Four-Bolt Stiffened (EEP-4ES)
• Eight-Bolt Stiffened (EEP-8ES)

Seismic Provisions
 Exercise: Define a Moment Resisting Joint


• Joint: BCF
• Seismic Load Resisting System: OMF
• Has Opposite Beam: Yes
• Is Column End: No
Right Beam:
• Section: W16x45
• Skew Angle: 0
• Slope Angle: 0
Seismic Design:
• Is a RBS connection: No
• sh: Hinge location distance: 0 inches
• Vf: Maximum shear at column face: 62 kips
Column:
• Section: W12x87

Seismic Provisions
Left Beam:
• Section: W16x45
• Skew Angle: 0
• Slope Angle: 0
Seismic Design:
• Is a RBS connection: No
• sh: Hinge location distance: 0 inches
• Vf: Maximum shear at column face: 62 kips
Note: RAM Connection Standalone does not automatically calculate a reduced

beam section.
parameters:
Right Beam Column Left Beam

Condition V2 Axial M33 M22 MMax MLT V2 Axial M33 V2 Axial M33
DL 10 k 10 k
LL 30 k 30 k
WL 10 k 30 k-ft 10 k 30 k-ft
EQ 10 k 30 k-ft 10 k 30 k-ft


Seismic Provisions
 Exercise: Design the Shear and Moment Connections

3 In the pull-down menu, select the Basic Connections > Basic SP

connection.
Note: RAM Connection Standalone has assigned the following connection to

this joint: SP_BCF_3/8PL_4B3/4.
Note: In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is 0.94 and the
indicator light is green, indicating that the shear connection has passed
the code check.
7 In the pull-down menu, select Basic Connections > Basic FP Welded.

this joint: FP_BCF_1/2PL_6 in_E70XX.
Note: In the Joint Selection Area, the indicator light is yellow, indicating the
moment connection was completed with warnings.

Seismic Provisions
 Exercise: Edit the Moment Connection

down menu, select Moment Connection.
Note: In the Connection Pad Status Bar, the traffic indicator light is yellow.
In the Steel Connections Report, the following Seismic Prequalification

Requirements are not acceptable:
• Top flange plate thickness and weld size
• Bottom flange plate thickness and weld size
• Flange plate material
• Top and bottom flange plate weld type
4 In the Steel Connections Report Ribbon, select the Close icon.
5 In the Connection Pad, modify the following parameters:

Main Data folder:
• Plate Material: A572 Gr 50
Moment-Flange-Plated, Beam Side folder:
• D: Weld Size to Top Plate (1/16 in): 8
• D: Weld Size to Bottom Plate (1/16 in): 8

Seismic Provisions
Moment-Flange-Plated Support Side folder:

• Top Plate Weld Type: Full Penetration
• Bottom Plate Weld Type: Full Penetration
• L: Top Plate Length: 16 inches
• tp: Top Plate Thickness: 0.875 inch
• Lb: Bottom Plate Length: 16 inches
• tpb: Bottom Plate Thickness: 0.875 inch
Note: In the Connection Pad Status Bar, the traffic indicator light is now green,
indicating this connection has passed with no warnings.
6 In the Connection Pad Ribbon, select the Save icon.
7 In the Connection Pad Ribbon, select the Close icon.
code check.
Warning: Since we have manually modified the connection data in the

Connection Pad, a redesign will repeate the assigning process and
all of the manual changes in the Connection Pad will be lost.

Seismic Provisions
Gusset Connections
RAM Connection Standalone will design Column-Beam-Brace (CBB) or Chevron
Brace (CVR) connections for the following types of braced frames with a response
modification factor greater than 3.0:
• Ordinary Concentrically Braced Frame (OCBF)
• Special Concentrically Braced Frame (SCBF)
 Exercise: Define a Gusset Joint


• Joint: CVR
• Braced Frame System: SCBF
Actual Members:
• Upper Gusset: No
• Lower Gusset: Yes
Beam:
• Section: W18x60
Lower Left Brace, Lower Right Brace:
• Section: P 10.0
• Material: A53 GrB
• Slope Angle: 45
• Rotation: 0

Seismic Provisions
parameters:
Beam
DL 10 kips
LL 30 kips
WL 10 kips
EQ 12 kips
Braces:
DL
LL
WL -100 kips 100 kips
EQ -120 kips 120 kips

Seismic Provisions
 Exercise: Design the Gusset Connection for Seismic Provisions

3 In the pull down menu, select Gusset Connections > CVR.

In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is greater than 1.0
and the indicator light is red, indicating that this connection has failed the
code check.
down menu, select Gusset.

Seismic Provisions
In the Steel Connections Report, the following Geometric Consideration is

not acceptable:
• Free Edge Buckling
The following Design Checks are failing the code check:
• Buckling on the Whitmore Section
• Brace Rupture due to Axial Load
• Warning: Stiffeners on gusset are required due to free-edge buckling.
8 In the Steel Connections Report, click the Close icon to return to the
Connection Pad.
9 In the Gusset - CVR Connection Pad, modify the following parameters:

Configuration folder:
• Stiffen Gusset: Yes
• Stiffeners Thickness: 0.5 in
• Distance Between Stiffeners: 20 in
Lower Gusset folder:
• tp: Thickness: 1.75 in
Lower Left Brace folder:
• Reinforce Brace Section: Yes
Brace Reinforcement Data sub-folder:
• Reinforcement Plate Thickness: 0.25 in
• Reinforcement Plate Length: 20 in
• Weld: E70XX
• D: Weld Size (1/16 in): 3

Seismic Provisions
Lower Right Brace folder:

• Reinforce Brace Section: Yes
Brace Reinforcement Data sub-folder:
• Reinforcement Plate Thickness: 0.25 in
• Reinforcement Plate Length: 20 in
• Weld: E70XX
• D: Weld Size (1/16 in): 3
Note: In the Connection Pad Status Bar, the traffic indicator light is now green,
indicating this connection has passed with no warnings.
In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is 0.95.
Warning: Since we have manually modified the connection data in the

Connection Pad, a redesign will repeat the assigning process and all
of the manual changes in the Connection Pad will be lost.

Connection Reports
Connection Reports
Once the connection design is complete, design results may be viewed on screen
or in reports. To review the Connection Design Report, use the Reports tools,
located in the Output tab of the Ribbon.
 Exercise: Review the General Connection Reports

2 In the Ribbon, select the Output tab and then the General Reports icon.
3 In the pull-down menu, select Connection Detail.

4 In the Steel Connections Report, the following information is provided for
each joint in the file:
• General Data
• Members
• Connections
• Loads
• Geometric Consideration Results
• Design Check Results
In the Steel Connections Report, click the Close icon.
5 In the Ribbon, select the Output tab and then the General Reports icon.
6 In the pull-down menu, select Connections Elements Summary.
7 In the Steel Connections Report, the following information is provided for
each joint in the file:
• Connection Elements Summary
• Connection Elements per Joint

Connection Reports
 Exercise: Review the Data and Results Reports

2 In the Joint Selection Area, select Joint 8 (the Moment Frame Connection).
3 In the Ribbon, select the Output tab and then the Data Reports icon.
4 In the pull-down menu, select Moment Connection.

5 In the Steel Connections Report, the following information is provided:
• General Data
• Members
• Connections
Hint: When this information is accessed through the Data Reports icon, only
the connection data from the current joint is reported. This information
is available for all joints in the model when accessed through the
General Reports icon.
6 In the Ribbon, select the Output tab and then the Results Reports icon.
7 In the pull-down menu, select Moment Connection.

8 In the Steel Connections Report, the following information is provided:
• Loads
• Geometric Consideration Results
• Seismic Prequalification Requirements Results
• Design Check Results
Hint: When this information is accessed through the Results Reports icon, only
the connection data from the current joint is reported. This information
is available for all joints in the model when accessed through the
General Reports icon.

Additional Connection Examples (Optional)

The following exercises have been provided to reinforce the information
presented in this module.
Note: A completed RAM Connection Standalone file containing all of the connections
designed in this module (RCSADataset_2.cnx) has been provided with the
dataset for your convenience.
Column Splice
 Exercise: Design a Column Splice


• Joint: CS
• Column Gap: 0 inches
Bottom Column
• Section: W14x145
Top Column
• Section: W14x90


parameters:
Bottom Column
DL 10 kip 50 kip 8 k-ft 0 k-ft
LL 20 kip 100 kip 15 k-ft 0 k-ft
7 In the pull-down menu, select the Basic Connections > Basic CS SP.

this joint: SP_CS_3/8PL_3B7/8.
In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress less than 1.0. The
indicator light is green, indicating that this connection has passed the code
check.

11 In the pull-down menu, select the Basic Connections > Basic CS FP

Welded.

this joint: FP_CS_5/8PL_18 in_E70XX.
In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is less than 1.0. The
indicator light is green, indicating that this connection has passed the code
check.

Seated Connection
 Exercise: Design a Seated Connection

• Joint: BCF
• Description: Seated Connection
• Seismic Load Resisting System: None
• Has Opposite Beam: No
• Is column End: No
Beam:
• Section: W16x36
• Skew Angle: 0
• Slope Angle: 0
• sb: Beam Setback: 0.5 inches
Column:
• Section: HSS_SQR 10x10x1_2
• Material: A500 GrB Rectangular
parameters:

Beam Column
Condition V2 Axial M33 M22 V2 Axial
DL 10 kips
LL 20 kips

7 In the pull-down menu, select Smart Connections > Smart US Welded.


this joint: US BCF Welded.
In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is less than 1.0 for
load combination DS2 (1.2DL + 1.6LL). The indicator light is green,
indicating that this connection has passed the code check.

Continuous Beam over Column
 Exercise: Design a Continuous Beam over Column Connection


• Joint: CC
• Description: Column Cap
Column:
• Section: W14x90
• Orientation: 0
Beam:
• Section: W14x43
parameters:

Column
Condition Axial M33
DL 20 kips 8 k-ft
LL 50 kips 15 k-ft

7 In the pull-down menu, select the Basic Connections > Cap Plate.

this joint: CP_5/8PL_2B1.
In the Joint Selection Area, the controlling stress ratio is 0.98 for load
combination DS2 (1.2DL + 1.6LL). The indicator light is green, indicating
that this connection has passed the code check.

Module Review
Module Review
Now that you have completed this module, let’s measure what you have learned.
Questions
1 What are the three connection methodologies that may be utilized in RAM
Connection Standalone?
2 What types of loads can a brace in a gusset connection carry?
• Moment
• Shear
• Axial
• All of the Above
3 RAM Connection Standalone can apply the Seismic Provisions to all types
of moment connections.
• True
• False

Module Review
Answers
1 What are the three connection methodologies that may be utilized in RAM
Connection Standalone?
• Trial and Error: The user assigns a connection from the database to the
connection and RAM Connection will indicate if the connection
assigned is adequate or not. If the connection is not adequate, the user
can manually assign another connection or adjust the parameters of
the initial connection in such a way that fulfills all the requirements.
• Basic Connections: RAM Connection will search the list of the available
connections in the database until it finds a connection that works well
in the joint according to the defined geometry and loading.
• Smart Connections: RAM Connection will adapt the joint design
parameters automatically until the connection fulfills the
requirements. These parameters may include bolt number, weld size,
or plate size.
2 What types of loads can a brace in a gusset connection carry?
Axial
RAM Connection Standalone can design gusset connections for gusset-to-
brace configurations or gusset-to-beam or column configurations. The
brace of the gusset connection would only be capable of transmitting axial
load.
3 RAM Connection Standalone can apply the Seismic Provisions to all types
of moment connections.
False
RAM Connection includes several types of prequalified connections where
each is limited to specific conditions for which they are prequalified
including size of the elements and grade of the material. The prequalified
connections that are included in RAM Connection are:
• Directly Welded Connections
• Flange Plate Connections
• Extended End Plate Connections

RAM Connection with RAM
Structural System
Module Overview
In this module, you will learn the basic skills to create and modify connections in
RAM Connection for a RAM Structural System model.
• A basic understanding of RAM Connection Standalone
• A basic understanding of RAM Structural System
Module Objectives
• Open a RAM Structural System model in RAM Connection
• Assign connections to joints in the model
• Review the results
Nov-10 85 RAM Connection with RAM Structural System

Questions
1 What is the vertical axis in RAM Connection?
• X Axis
• Y Axis
• Z Axis
2 How are connections applied to joints in RAM Connection?
3 Which steel specification does RAM Connection design the connections
according to?
RAM Connection with RAM Structural System 86 Nov-10

Answers
1 What is the vertical axis in RAM Connection?
Y Axis
In RAM Structural System, the global Z axis is set as the vertical axis in the
structure, but in RAM Connection, the global Y axis is set as the vertical
axis. When a RAM Structural System model is opened in RAM Connection,
the model will be re-oriented automatically to set the Y axis as the vertical
axis.
2 How are connections applied to joints in RAM Connection?
According to the Select and Apply Rule
In RAM Connection, similar to RAM Elements, commands or actions are
applied to elements in the model according to the “select and apply” rule.
The desired elements must be selected and then the command may be
applied only to those selected elements.
3 Which steel specification does RAM Connection design the connections
according to?
RAM Connection designs connections according to the AISC 360-05 13th
Edition for either ASD or LRFD.
The code selection should be coordinated with the load combinations
selected from RAM Frame or generated by the user in RAM Connection.

Getting Started
Getting Started
RAM Connection works in conjunction with a RAM Structural System model,
automatically utilizing member dimensions, forces, and load combinations from
RAM Structural System in the connection design in RAM Connection.
Analyze the Model

Before opening the model in RAM Connection, the following operations should be
performed in RAM Structural System:
• Assign Member Properties: RAM Connection utilizes the member properties
(such as sections, materials, and end fixity) from RAM Structural System.
• Perform a Gravity and Lateral Analysis: RAM Connection utilizes the member
end reactions calculated in RAM Structural System.
• Generate Load Combinations: RAM Connection utilizes the load combinations
generated in the RAM Frame - Steel Mode.
 Exercise: Perform the Analysis and Generate Load Combinations

1 Open RSSDataset_Standard.rss in RAM Structural System.
2 In the RAM Manager main menu, select View > 3D View or select the 3-D
Viewer icon.

Getting Started
Note: Member properties have already been assigned to all of the gravity and
lateral steel members in this model. We will perform an analysis in RAM
Frame to generate the framing tables and distribute the lateral loads
through the model. We will also review the load combinations
generated in the RAM Frame - Steel Mode.
3 In the 3-D Viewer main menu, select File > Exit to return to the RAM
Manager.
4 In the RAM Manager main menu, select Design > RAM Frame or select the
Frame Design icon in the Design toolbar.
5 In the main menu, select Process > Analyze... or select the Perform
Analysis icon in the Mode toolbar.
6 In the Analyze dialog, select the following load cases and then click OK:
• Dead Load
• Positive Live Load
• Wind: Wind_IBC06_1_X
• Wind: Wind_IBC06_1_Y
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_X_+E_F
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_X_-E_F
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_Y_+E_F
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_Y_-E_F
Note: For this training course, we will only analyze a selection of the lateral
load cases to decrease the analysis time in RAM Connection.
7 In the Analysis Status dialog, click OK.
8 In the main menu, select Mode > Steel > Standard Provisions.
9 In the Steel Design Code dialog, select the AISC 360-05 LRFD code and
then click OK.

Getting Started
10 In the AISC360_05 LRFD Load Combination Generation dialog, notice the

load combinations have already been generated considering the following
parameters:
• Code for Combination: AISC360_05 LRFD
• Live Load Factor f1 (0.5 or 1.0): 0.5
• Sds (for Ev): 0.36
• Redundancy Factor: 1.0
11 Click OK.
12 In the main menu, select Process > Joint Code Check or select the Joint
Code Check icon in the Mode toolbar.
Note: Four of the steel columns require stiffeners. We will take a closer look at
these joints in RAM Connection.
13 In the main menu, select File > Exit RAM Frame to return to the RAM
Manager.
14 In the main menu, select File > Save and then select File > Exit.
Note: The model must be completely closed in RAM Structural System prior to
opening it in RAM Connection.

Getting Started
 Exercise: Open RAM Connection

1 Open RAM Connection Standalone by double clicking on the icon on your
desktop of navigating to the program location through the Start menu.
RAM Connection
Note: When installing RAM Connection, two separate icons will be placed on
your computer: RAM Connection Standalone and RAM Connection.
RAM Connection Standalone works independently of any other
software, while RAM Connection works in conjunction with an analyzed
RAM Structural System model.
2 Click the RC button and then select Open a Model... Navigate to the
dataset file entitled RSSDataset_Standard.rss.
Note: Notice that we have opened the actual RAM Structural System model in
RAM Connection. As a result, the model cannot be open in RAM
Connection and RAM Structural System simultaneously.

Getting Started
The Main Window

The initial screen in RAM Connection is the main window and is divided into
several sections:
• RC button - Displays the basic commands, such as Open a Model or Save.
• Quick Access Toolbar - Contains frequently used commands, such as Save
Model or Undo.
• Ribbon - Contains commands that assist in the selection, drawing, or
visualization of data.
• Data Panel - Contains the spreadsheets where model data, such as geometry
and design parameters, is entered for the selected elements.
Hint: It is recommended to work with the Data Panel ON. To turn o the Data
Panel, select the Spreadsheet icon in the Home tab of the Ribbon.
• Display Area - Shows the graphical representation of the data sheet entries or
model.
• Status Bar - Presents useful information, such as the number of elements and
load conditions.

Getting Started
RC Button Quick Access Toolbar Ribbon
Data Panel Status Bar Display Area

Getting Started
Select and Apply

In RAM Connection commands or actions are applied to elements in the model
according to the “select and apply” rule. The desired elements must be selected
and the command is applied only to those selected elements.
There are several ways to select or isolate elements of the model in the Display
Area to make modeling and reviewing of results easier.
• Left Mouse Button: To select a single element, click the left mouse button on
the element. To select multiple elements, hold down the left mouse button
and draw a fence to select all elements completely within the fence. To
deselect all elements, click the left mouse button in the empty space in the
Display Area.
• Left Mouse Button in conjunction with the SHIFT or CONTROL keys: The SHIFT
key allows you to select (or unselect) several elements without affecting the
previous selected elements. The CONTROL key allows you to select elements
partially enclosed by a fence. The SHIFT and CONTROL keys can be used
together.
• Selection Tools: The Selection tools, located in the Home tab of the Ribbon,
offers many ways to make selections within your model including: Select All,
Deselect All, Hide Non-Selected Elements, Select by Design Group, Invert
Selection, Select Aligned Members, and Select Members Between Nodes.
Note: Before a connection can be designed, the joint must first be selected.

Getting Started
Global Coordinate System

In RAM Connection, elements are generated through the global coordinate
system represented by X, Y, and Z. In RAM Structural System, the global Z axis is
set as the vertical axis in the structure, but in RAM Connection, the global Y axis is
set as the vertical axis. When a RAM Structural System model is opened in RAM
Connection, the model will be re-oriented automatically to set the Y axis as the
vertical axis.
There are several ways to manipulate the view of the model in the Display Area to
make modeling connections and reviewing results easier. The location in space is
always indicated by the global axis perspective in the lower right hand corner of
the Display Area.
To adjust the view of the model in the Display Area, use one of the following
features:
• Right Mouse Button: Hold down the right mouse button in the Display Area to
dynamically rotate the model.
• Mouse Wheel or Middle Mouse Button: Hold down the mouse wheel or
middle mouse button in the Display Area to pan the view.
• View Tools: Right click in the Display Area nad use the View tools in the pop-
up menu to view alternate perspectives of the model or to save custom views.

Getting Started
Units
Before connection data information is entered, the unit system should be
selected. All subsequent data will be entered according to the units selected.
 Exercise: Specify the Default Units

2 In the Status Bar, click on the Units button and then select Units
Configuration from the pop-up menu.
3 In the Units dialog, select the English button in the Default Units for
System field.
Note: In the Units dialog, the units for each field can be customized to
facilitate data entry.
4 In the Units dialog, click OK.

Load Conditions
Load Conditions
The load cases and combinations generated in the RAM Frame - Steel Mode are
used as the basis of the forces in RAM Connection. If you do not want to generate
or utilize the load combinations from RAM Frame, you can still generate load
combinations in RAM Connection, similar to how you generated load
combinations in RAM Connection Standalone.
 Exercise: Review the Load Combinations

2 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then click the Additional
Configuration launcher button in the Load Conditions tools.
Click Here
3 In the Additional Configuration dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Include RAM Frame-Steel Provision Mode load combinations:
(checked)
4 In the Additional Configuration dialog, click OK.
Conditions icon.
6 In the Load Conditions dialog, notice that the RAM Structural System -
Steel Mode load combinations have been entered into the Combinations
window. Click Cancel.

Connection design criteria can be customized in RAM Connection based on your
project requirements. The following connection design criteria can be
customized:
• Design Method: ASD or LRFD (only applicable for AISC 360-05)
Hint: The design standard and design method should be coordinated with the
design load combinations.
• Seismic Design Parameters: Seismic provisions, the acting factored gravity
combination, and the seismic site class.
 Exercise: Customize the Connection Design Criteria

2 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then click the Customize
Connection Design launcher button in the Assignment tools.
Click Here

parameters:
• Design Parameters (Maximum Strength Ratio Limit): 1.0
• Consider Seismic Provisions: (unchecked)
• Load Conditions Included in the Design: Combinations

Databases
Databases
Similar to RAM Connection Standalone, RAM Connection comes with many
typical connection templates defined, but you may want to add a new connection
to the database or edit an existing connection, available in the Database tools in
the Home tab of the Ribbon. Once custom connections are defined, they will
appear in the list of available connections at the bottom of the Data Panel in the
appropriate group, based on the naming convention.
Note: We will not be modifying the connections database in this module. Refer to
“RAM Connection Standalone” for additional information.
will be attempted. To customize the Connection toolbar, select the Customize the
Toolbar... option in the Assign pull down menu, located in the Design tab of the
Ribbon.

In RAM Connection, connections can be designed according to one of the
following methods:
• Trial and Error (through the Data Panel)
• Basic Connections
• Smart Connections
Trial and Error

Connection can be assigned to joints by Trial and Error in the Data Panel while
Connections icon is active. A list of all of the available connections that are ready
to be applied to the model is located at the bottom of the Data Panel.
Connections
icon
Available
Connections

Connection design tools are available in the Spreadsheet tab of the Ribbon, when
the Connections icon is active.
 Exercise: Assign a Connection by Trial and Error

2 In the Display Area, deselect all elements and then use your cursor to draw
a fence around the framing at the second floor level, as seen below:
Fence
3 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Hide Unselected
Elements icon.
4 In the Display Area, right click and select the Front XZ icon from the pop-
up menu.

a fence around the beam-girder joints indicated below.
Fence
Hint: See the rendering of the selected members for additional information
regarding this joint:
Wide Flange Girder

(W14x22)
Wide Flange Beam

(W12x19)
6 In the Data Panel, select the Connections icon.
7 At the bottom of the Data Panel, highlight the following items:

• Table: Single Plate BG
• Item: SP_BG_1/4PL_3B3/4

8 In the Ribbon, select the Spreadsheet tab and then the Assign Selected
Connection to Model icon.
Note: In the Connection Assignment Window, below the Display Area, notice
that a total of 2 connections were assigned with no errors or warnings
9 In the Ribbon, select the Spreadsheet icon and then the Assign
Description CNX (additive) icon.
Note: In RAM Connection, connections can be grouped by using the

Description property. Grouping connections will facilitate the following
operations:
• Connections with the same description will facilitate easier
selection, using the By Description icon.
• Report results can be grouped based on the assigned

description.

Basic Connections
In RAM Connection, basic connections are connection templates that are included
in the program and are ready to use. During a basic connection design, RAM
Connection will search in a list of the connections database until it finds a
connection that works well in the joint, or group of joints, according to the
defined geometry and forces.
Individual Connections
Basic connections can be designed individually or in groups. Individual

connections are designed for the forces and sizes at that specific joint without
regard to forces or geometry of any other joint. This will produce the most
efficient use of material.
Hint: It may be preferable to initially design all connections individually, and then use
some of the available connection selection tools to determine how you would
like to group your connections.
 Exercise: Design the Basic Beam-Girder Connections Individually

2 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Elements Selection icon.
3 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Select all Beam - Girder Joints.
5 In the pull down menu, select the Design each Connection Individually
option. Then, select Basic Connections > Basic SP from the pull-down
menu.
6 In the Confirm dialog, click the Yes to All button to replace the connections
we assigned manually in the previous exercise.
Note: RAM Connection has selected the optimum basic shear plate connection
template for each of the beam to girder connections at the second floor
level. (Even though we have designed these connections individually,
several joints have been optimized using the same connection

template.) In the Data Panel, notice that each connection was given a
unique description.
7 In the Ribbon, select the View tab and then the Sections icon.
8 In the Data Panel, highlight the connection template SP_BG_1/4PL_2B3/4

and then select the Filters according to Data at Cursor Location icon,
available in the Spreadsheet tab of the Ribbon.
Note: This template has been assigned to the all of the W12 beams.
9 In the Ribbon, select the Spreadsheet tab and then the Remove Filter
icon.
10 Repeat this process for each of the assigned connection templates to see
the following results:
• SP_BG_1/4PL_3B3/4: W14 and W18 beams
• SP_BG_1/4PL_4B3/4: W24 beams

Grouped Connections
Basic connections can be designed individually or in groups. Grouped connections

are designed with the same connection template for several different joints. For
all joints with identical member sizes, the resulting connections will be identical,
producing the same number of bolts, the same plate sizes, etc. Designing
connections in a group allows you to minimize the number of unique connection
designs on a structure.
 Exercise: Design the Basic Beam-Girder Connections in Groups

3 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Special Selection....

4 In the Special Selection of Joints dialog, enter the following parameters:
• Selected from: All Members
• Family: Beam - Girder
• Limit Selection by Member Depth: (checked)
• Minimum: 10 inches
• Maximum: 20 inches
• Verify Releases: (unchecked)
5 Click OK.
7 In the pull down menu, deselect the Design each Connection Individually
menu.
8 In the Confirm dialog, click Yes to All to replace the individually designed
connections.


12 Click OK.
14 In the pull-down menu, select Basic Connections > Basic SP.

connections.
Note: In the Data Panel, notice that each connection template was given a
common description.
Hint: If the connections are not currently selected, and displayed in the Data
Panel, click the Select all Elements icon, available in the Home tab of
the Ribbon.
Elements icon.
17 In the Display Area, right click and select the Front XY icon from the pop-
up menu.

Smart Connections
In a Smart Connection design, RAM Connection will adapt the joint design
parameters automatically until the connection fulfills all the requirements. These
parameters may include bolt number, weld size, or plate size.
Smart connections can be designed individually or in groups. Individual

 Exercise: Design the Smart Beam-Girder Connections Individually

a fence around the framing at the roof level, as seen below:
Fence
Elements icon.
up menu.

option. Then, select Smart Connections > Smart SP from the pull-down
menu.
Note: RAM Connection has selected the optimum smart shear plate
connection for each of the beam to girder connection at the roof level.
In the Data Panel, notice that each connection was given a unique
description.
Note: In the Connection Assignment window, notice that we received a

warning indicating that no connection could be successfully design for
one or more of the selected joints. RAM Connection does not currently
design connections for extension type cantilevers or any beams
supported by the end of a cantilever.

Grouped Connections
Smart connections can be designed individually or in groups. Grouped

connections are designed with the same connection template for several different
joints. For all joints with identical member sizes, the resulting connections will be
identical, producing the same number of bolts, plate sizes, etc. Designing
Note: All grouped connections will have the same description even though some
connection parameters could be different.
 Exercise: Design the Smart Beam-Girder Connections in Groups

menu.
6 In the Confirm dialog, click Yes to All to replace the existing connections.
Note: RAM Connection has selected a smart shear plate connection template
for each type of the beam - girder connections for this model. (Even
though we have designed these connections in groups, RAM
Connection may assign different templates to some of the connections
if the geometry is different.) In the Data Panel, notice the connections
are grouped by common descriptions.

Note: The connections supporting the beams on the flat portion of the roof
have all been assigned the same description. Since the infill beams are
of difference sizes, however, different connection parameters may have
been assigned to each.
Elements icon.
up menu.

Completing the Design

We will now assign connections to the remainder of the joints in the model.
 Exercise: Assign Shear Connections to the Beam - Column Flange Joints


• Limit Selection by Member Depth: (unchecked)
• Verify Releases: (checked)
• Released (pinned) beams: (checked)
• Fixed end beams: (unchecked)
5 Click OK.
7 In the pull-down menu, select Smart Connections > Smart DA All Welded.
Note: Some of the columns in the selected are HSS shape. The DA All Welded
beam connection can be applicable to both wide flange and HSS column
sections.
Note: A shear connection has been assigned to the stub cantilevers, to the left
of the sloped columns to resist the shear reaction. RAM Connection
does not currently assign moment resisting connections to stub
cantilevers to resist the moment reaction.
Note: In the Design Status Window, notice that we have received 8 Errors
indicating that the double angle connection could not be assigned to
the skewed framing.

8 In the Display Area, deselect all elements and then select the beams and
end nodes for each of the skewed Beam - Column Flange joints:
Select Beam
and Nodes
Select Beam
and Nodes
Select Beam
and Nodes
Select Beam
and Nodes
10 In the pull-down menu, select Smart Connections > Smart SP.

 Exercise: Assign Shear Connections to the Beam - Column Web Joints

3 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Select All Beam - Column Web
Joints.
 Exercise: Assign Gusset Connections

3 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Select all Column - Beams - Braces
Joints.
5 In the pull-down menu, select Gusset Connections > CBB_SP.

7 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Select all Continuous Beam - Braces
Joints.
9 In the pull-down menu, select Gusset Connections > CVR_CBF.

 Exercise: Assign Base Plate Connections to the Model

3 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Special Selection...

• Family: Column - Base
5 Click OK.
7 In the pull-down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Pinned
Base Plate.
Note: In the Connection Assignment Window, you will notice that not all
design groups were successfully assigned connections. In one or more
design groups no single connection worked for all the joints. RAM
Elements was unable to assign pinned base plates to the column-brace-
base joints.
9 In the pull-down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Gusset
Base Plate.


• Released (pinned) beams: (unchecked)
• Fixed end beams: (checked)
13 Click OK.
15 In the pull-down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Fixed
Biaxial Base Plate.
Moment Frame Connections
In RAM Connection, the design of the moment connections by group considers

the four different combinations of forces:
• Maximum Moment with Maximum Axial Force
• Maximum Moment with Minimum Axial Force
• Minimum Moment with Maximum Axial Force
• Minimum Moment with Minimum Axial Force
The shear connections assigned to joints where the moment is bigger than a
minimum value will only take the shear force, not the axial force. It is assumed
that the required moment connection will take the axial force.

 Exercise: Assign Connections to the Moment Frame Joints


5 Click OK.

9 In the pull-down menu, select Smart Connections > Smart DW.
design groups no single connection worked for all the joints. We will
check the status of these connections, and adjust them as required,
when we review the connection designs for this model.

Redesign
Redesign
When model geometry or loading is modified in RAM Structural System, the RAM
Connection designs can be redesigned to satisfy the new or modified parameters.
The redesign tool is applied to selected connections as follows:
• Grouped Connections: RAM Connection will maintain the previously defined
groups, based on the description of the connection.
Warning: To maintain the original design criteria, all connections within a

design group must be selected prior to performing a redesign.
• Individual Connections: RAM Connection will re-assign the original template.
Note: The Redesign tools are not applicable to connections that were assigned
through a “Trial and Error” process.
 Exercise: Modify the Model in RAM Structural System

2 Click the RC button and then select Exit.
Note: The model cannot be open in RAM Connection and RAM Structural
System simultaneously.
3 Open RSSDataset_Standard.rss in RAM Structural System.
5 In the RAM Frame main menu, select Loads > Load Cases... or select the
Load Cases icon in the Mode toolbar.
6 In the Load Cases dialog, select the Wind load case and then click
Change...
7 In the ASCE 7-05/IBC 2006 Wind dialog, modify the following parameters:
• Exposure: C
• Importance Factor: 1.25
8 In the ASCE 7-05/IBC 2006 Wind dialog, click OK.

Redesign
9 In the Load Cases dialog, click OK.

10 In the main menu, select Process > Analyze... or select the Perform
Analysis icon in the Mode toolbar.
11 In the Analyze dialog, select the following load cases and then click OK:
• Dead Load
• Positive Live Load
• Wind: Wind_IBC06_1_X
• Wind: Wind_IBC06_1_Y
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_X_+E_F
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_X_-E_F
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_Y_+E_F
• Seismic: EQ_IBC06_Y_-E_F
12 In the Analysis Status dialog, click OK.
13 In the main menu, select Mode > Steel > Standard Provisions.
Note: Since we are utilizing the RAM Frame Steel Mode load combinations in
RAM Connection, we will need to re-verify the combinations before re-
opening the model in RAM Connection.
14 In the Steel Design Code dialog, select the AISC 360-05 LRFD radio button
and then click OK.
15 In the AISC360_05 LRFD Load Combination Generation dialog, click OK.
16 In the main menu, select File > Exit RAM Frame.
17 In the RAM Manager main menu, select File > Save and then File > Exit.

Redesign
 Exercise: Redesign the Connections in RAM Connection

1 Open RSSDataset_Standard.rss in RAM Connection.
2 In the Warning dialog, click OK.
3 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then the Select all Elements icon.
4 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Redesign icon.
5 In the Connection Assignment Window, notice that the connections have

been re-assigned.
Note: The redesign button does not display warning or error messages if
connections are inadequate during a redesign process. We will review
all of the connection results in the next section.

Reviewing the Results

or in reports.
• To view the results on screen, use the Design tools, located in the View tab of
the Ribbon.
• To access the Connection Pad, use the Edit icon, located in the Design tab of
the Ribbon.
• To review the Connection Design Report, use the Reports tools, located in the
Output tab of the Ribbon.
 Exercise: Review the Results on Screen

3 In the pull down menu, select Connections > Select all Connections.
4 In the Ribbon, select the View tab and then the Status icon.
5 In the Status pull down menu, ensure that the For the Controlling
Combination option is selected.

6 In the Design Status legend, select the X to highlight all failing

connections.
Select the “X”
Note: Notice that the four moment frame joints that required stiffeners in the
RAM Structural System joint code check have failed the initial
connection design in RAM Connection. In addition, several fixed biaxial
base plates have also failed.
 Exercise: Modify the Failing Moment Connections

2 In the Display Area, deselect all elements and then click on one of the
failing moment connections at the second floor level.
Click

4 In the pull down menu, select Connections > Select Identical

Connections.
Note: All of the failing moment frame connections at the second floor level
should now be selected.
5 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Edit icon.
7 In the Steel Connections Report, scroll to the end of the report to review
the Design Check and Critical Strength Ratio results. This connection is
currently failing the following design checks:
• Top local flange bending (left and right side)
• Local web yielding (left and right side)
• Bottom web bearing (left and right side)
8 In the Steel Connections Report, click Close.
9 In the Connections Pad, modify the following parameters:
Stiffeners folder, Transverse Stiffeners sub-folder:
• Ns: No of Transverse Stiffeners: Both Sides
• bs: Transverse Stiffeners Width: 3.5 inches
• cc: Corner Clips: 1 inch
• ts: Transverse Stiffener Thickness: 0.5 inches
• Material: A36
• Weld Type: Fillet
• Welding Electrode to Support: E70XX
• D: Weld Size to Support (1/16 in): 4

Note: In the Connection Pad, notice the symbol adjacent to each transverse
stiffener parameter we modified. This indicates that the parameter can
be modified, verified, and saved once the Connection Pad is closed.
Note: In the Connection Pad, notice that the indicator light is now green,
indicating that the connection design is complete with no errors or
warnings.
10 In the Connection Pad, click the Save icon to save the revised connection.
Warning: If connections are manually altered in the Connection Pad, a

redesign on the connection will delete the modifications.
11 In the Connection Pad, click the Close icon to return to RAM Connection.
Note: These results are consistent with the joint code check performed in the
RAM Structural System, RAM Frame Steel Mode.
12 Repeat this process for the failing moment connections at the roof level.

 Exercise: Modify the Failing Fixed Base Plates

2 In the Display Area, deselect all elements and then click on the failing base
plate indicated below:
Click

Connections.
Note: Four failing fixed base plates should now be selected.

5 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then the Edit icon.

7 In the Steel Connections Report, scroll through the report to review the
Design Check and Critical Strength Ratio results. This connection is
currently failing the following design checks:
• Column Weld Capacity
• Breakout of anchor in tension
• Breakout of group of anchors in tension
• Interaction of tensile and shear forces
Geometric Considerations:
• Anchor Bolt Effective Length
Base Plate folder:
• Longitudinal dimension: 30 inches
• Transversal dimension: 30 inches
• Thickness: 2.5 inches
Support sub-folder:
• Thickness: 24 inches

Anchor sub-folder:
• Anchor position: Customized
• Anchor coordinates:
Anchor No. Coordinate

Transverse Longitudinal
1 -13.5 -13.5
2 -13.5 13.5
3 13.5 -13.5
4 13.5 13.5
5 -4.5 -13.5
6 -4.5 13.5
7 4.5 -13.5
8 4.5 13.5
9 -13.5 -4.5
10 -13.5 4.5
11 13.5 -4.5
12 13.5 4.5
Note: Anchor coordinates are in reference to the column centerline.

• Effective embedment depth: 12 inches
• Anchors welded to base plate: (checked)
Note: In the Connection Pad, notice that the indicator light is now green,
indicating that the connection design is complete with no errors or
warnings.
10 In the Connection Pad, click the Save icon to save the revised connection.

11 In the Connection Pad, click the Close icon to return to RAM Connection.
12 Repeat this process for the rest of the failing base plates.

 Exercise: Review Results Reports

4 In the Ribbon, select the Output tab and then the Design icon. In the pull
down menu, select Connections.
5 In the Connections Design dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Report Type: Grouped, Group by Description
6 In the Connections Design dialog, click OK.
7 In the Steel Connections Report, notice that the controlling connection
result, the connection with the highest ratio, is listed for each connection
description in the model.
8 In the Steel Connections Report, click the Close icon to return to RAM
Connection.

Seismic Provisions
Seismic Provisions
RAM Connection can be used to design and analyze connections under seismic
loading according to the following specifications and requirements:
The load combinations generated in the RAM Frame - Steel - Standard Provisions
Mode and the RAM Frame - Steel - Seismic Provisions Mode are available in RAM
Connection.
 Exercise: Analyze the Model in RAM Structural System

1 Open RSSDataset_Seismic.rss in RAM Structural System.
3 In the RAM Frame - Analysis - Load Cases mode, analyze all of the defined
load cases.
Note: For this exercise, we will focus on the seismic load cases. The wind load
cases have not been defined in this model.
4 In the RAM Frame - Steel - Standard Provisions mode, review the
generated load combinations per AISC 360-05 LRFD.
5 In the RAM Frame - Steel - Seismic Provisions model, review the seismic
design load combinations per IBC 06 / ASCE 7-05 LRFD.
Note: The load combinations generated in the Standard and Seismic Provisions
modes will be available in RAM Connection.
6 In the RAM Frame - Steel - Seismic Provisions mode main menu, select
View > Members...

Seismic Provisions
7 In the Member Options dialog, select the Frame Type Label check box in
each of the following tabs:
• Frame Beam / Horiz Brace tab
• Frame Column tab
• Brace tab
Click OK.
Note: The Frame Types assigned in the RAM Frame - Steel - Seismic Provisions
mode will be automatically applied to the lateral joints in RAM
Connection.
8 In the main menu, select Process > Joint Code Check or select the Joint
Code Check icon in the Mode toolbar.
Note: All of the moment frame steel columns required web plate / stiffeners.
We will take a closer look at these joints in RAM Connection.
9 In the main menu, select File > Exit RAM Frame to return to the RAM
Manager.
10 In the main menu, select File > Save and then select File > Exit to close the
model in RAM Structural System.

Seismic Provisions
 Exercise: Specify the Seismic Provisions Criteria

1 Open RSSDataset_Seismic.rss in RAM Connection.
2 In the Ribbon, select the Home tab and then click the Additional
Configuration launcher button in the Load Conditions tools.
Click Here
3 In the Additional Configuration dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Include RAM Frame-Steel Provision Mode load combinations:
(checked)
4 In the Additional Configuration dialog, click OK.
5 In the Ribbon, select the Design tab and then click the Customize
Connection Design launcher button in the Assignment tools.
Click Here

parameters:
• Consider Seismic Provisions: (checked)
• Acting Factored Gravity Combination: C2=1.2dl+1.6llp
• Seismic Category: Site class D
Note: In the RAM Frame - Seismic Provisions Mode, additional steel amplified
seismic load combinations were generated. Use the Customize
Connection Design dialog to ensure that all load combinations are
included in the design.

Seismic Provisions
Gusset Connections
RAM Connection will design Column-Beam-Brace (CBB) or Chevron Brace (CVR)
connections for the following types of braced frames with a response
The frame types assigned in the RAM Frame - Steel - Seismic Provisions Mode will
be automatically available in RAM Connections.
 Exercise: Review the Gusset Connections for Seismic Provisions

Joints.
5 In the pull-down menu, select Gusset Connections > CBB_DA_cont.

Joints.


Seismic Provisions
Moment Connections
RAM Connection will design moment resisting connections for the following types
of moment frames with a response modification factor greater than 3.0:
• Ordinary Moment Frame (OMF)
• Intermediate Moment Frame (IMF)
• Special Moment Frame (SMF)
The Seismic Load Resisting frame types specified in the RAM Structural System -
RAM Frame - Steel - Seismic Provisions mode will automatically be applied to the
joints in RAM Connection.
 Exercise: Design the Moment Connections for Seismic Provisions


5 Click OK.


Seismic Provisions

or in reports.

4 In the Ribbon, select the View tab and the Status icon.
connections.
Note: Notice that several moment frame joints and braced frame joints have
failed the code check in RAM Connection.
7 Using the techniques demonstrated earlier in this module to edit the
failing connections.
Hint: To edit failing connections, first select the connection in the Display Area.
Then, select the Design tab in the Ribbon and then the Edit icon.

Module Review
Module Review
Questions
1 What is the difference between individual and grouped connections?
2 What information from the RAM Structural System model is available in
RAM Connections?
• Geometry
• Connection Forces / Reactions
• Load Combinations
• All of the Above

Module Review
Answers
• Individual Connections: Connections that are designed individually in
RAM Connection are designed for the forces and sizes at that specific
joint without regard to forces or geometry of any other joint. This will
produce the most efficient use of material.
• Grouped Connections: Connections that are designed in groups in
RAM Connection are designed with the same connection template for
several different joints. For all joints with identical member sizes, the
resulting connections will be identical producing the same number of
bolts, plate sizes, etc. Designing connections in a group allows you to
minimize the number of unique connection designs on a structure.
2 What information from the RAM Structural System model is available in
RAM Connections?
All of the Above
All of the member sizes and forces are brought over from RAM Structural
System and used in the connection design, so it is recommended to load,
analyze, design, and assign the member sizes prior to assigning the
connections in RAM Connections. The load cases and combinations in
RAM Frame are used as the basis of the forces in RAM Connections. In
order to utilize the RAM Frame connections, obtained from the Steel
Module in Frame, activate the Use RAM Frame Steel Load Combinations
icon in the Loads toolbar.

RAM Connection with RAM
Elements
Module Overview
In this module, you will learn the basic skills to create and modify connections in
RAM Elements. Many of the connection features in RAM Elements are similar to
RAM Connection, so this module will focus on the differences between the two
programs.
• A basic understanding of RAM Connection Standalone and RAM Connection
• A basic understanding of RAM Elements
Module Objectives
• Prepare a RAM Elements model for connection design
• Assign connections to gravity and lateral joints
• Review the results
Nov-10 137 RAM Connection with RAM Elements

Questions
1 What process in RAM Elements must take place prior to assigning
connections to the model?
RAM Connection with RAM Elements 138 Nov-10

Answers
1 What process in RAM Elements must take place prior to assigning
connections to the model?
An analysis and design must be performed on the model before
connection can be designed or verified in RAM Elements.
Since RAM Elements performs a finite element analysis, forces are
distributed through the structure based on the stiffness of the model. An
analysis and design must be performed on the model prior to assigning
connections to ensure that the connections are being designed for the
correct loads.

Getting Started
Getting Started
RAM Elements is a finite element-based general analysis program with an
integrated design toolkit. In RAM Elements, you can design complex three
dimensional structures or individual structural components. In the RAM Elements
main application, a model is built by entering information, such as element
properties or loading, into a series of data sheets.
Note: Since RAM Elements performs a finite element analysis, certain model
properties must be defined prior to performing an analysis of the structure in
order for the loads to be distributed through the model properly. The design
process in RAM Elements is iterative.
 Exercise: Open a Model

1 Open RAM Elements using the icon on your desktop or navigate to the
program location through the Start menu.
2 Click on the RE button and then select Open a Model. Navigate to the
dataset that was supplied with this training and open
REDataset_Standard.etz.
Note: This model consists of a steel framed two story building with moment
frames in one orthogonal direction and braced frames in the other
direction. The loads have been applied to the model and the load
combinations have been generated for AISC 360-05 13th Edition LRFD.
General Analysis Interface

The General Analysis Interface in the RAM Elements main application is divided
into several sections:
• RE Button - Displays the basic commands, such as Open a Model or Save.
• Quick Access Toolbar - Contains frequently used commands, such as Analyze
Model or Design All.
• Ribbon - Contains commands that assist in the selection, drawing, or
visualization of data.

Getting Started
• Data Explorer - Allows quick navigation between the different sheets of the
Data Panel.
• Data Panel - Contains the spreadsheets where model data, such as geometry
and design parameters, is entered for the selected elements.
Note: It is recommended to work with the Data Panel ON. To turn on the Data
Panel, activate the Spreadsheet icon, located in the Ribbon Home tab.
• Display Area - Shows the graphical representation of the model and any other
selected display options.
• Status Bar - Presents useful information, such as the number of elements and
load conditions.
RE Button Quick Access Toolbar Ribbon
Data Explorer Data Panel Status Bar Display Area

Preparing the Model
Preparing the Model

Before preforming a connection design in RAM Elements, an analysis and design
must be performed.
Analysis
RAM Elements performs a finite element analysis and forces are distributed
through the structure based on the stiffness of the model. An analysis can be
performed in RAM Elements according to one of the following three methods:
• Static Linear - Elastic Analysis
• Static Nonlinear - Elastic Analysis: Usually used with nonlinear members, such
as tension or compression only member, or with p-delta analysis.
• Eigen Value Analysis
Once an analysis is completed, the analysis results, including the reactions at the
joints, may be viewed on screen or in reports.
 Exercise: Analyze the Model

2 In the Ribbon, select the Process tab and then the Analyze Model icon.
Hint: Alternatively, select the Analyze Model icon in the Quick Access Toolbar.
3 In the Analysis dialog, select the Analysis tab and enter the following
parameters:
• Disable Shear Deformations: (unchecked)
• Perform Second Order Analysis (P-Delta): (unchecked)
4 In the Analysis dialog, click Analyze.
Hint: After the analysis has been performed, refer the Analysis Window to
verify that the analysis had been successfully completed. The left side of
the Status Bar should indicate that the model has been analyzed.

Preparing the Model
Design
After the analysis is performed, you must perform a design on all of the members
in the model against the applicable design code before assigning the steel
connections. During the design, the member’s strength ratio is determined, based
on the forces that were transferred during the analysis.
Note: The code selection should be coordinated with the load combinations defined
in RAM Elements.
 Exercise: Design the Model

2 In the Ribbon, select the Process tab and then the Design All icon.
Hint: Alternatively, select the Design All icon in the Quick Access Toolbar.
3 In the Design dialog, select the Design Code tab and enter the following
parameters:
• Steel Members: AISC 360-05, AISI 01 (LRFD)
• Reinforced Concrete Members: ACI 318-05
• Wood Members: NDS 05 (ASD)
Note: In this model, load combinations according to AISC 360-05 LRFD have
already been generated.
4 In the Design dialog, click Design.
Hint: After the design has been performed, refer the Design Window to verify
that the design had been successfully completed. The left side of the
Status Bar should indicate that the model has been designed.

Connection design criteria can be customized in RAM Elements based on your
project requirements, as follows:
Hint: The design standard should be coordinated with the design load
combinations. For this model, the load combinations have already been
generated according to AISC 360-05 LRFD.
• Seismic Design Parameters: Seismic Site Class, if designing for Seismic
Provisions
 Exercise: Specify the Connection Design Configuration

2 In the Ribbon, select the Modules tab and then click the Customize
Connection Design launcher button in the Connections tools.
Click Here

parameters:

Databases
Databases
Similar to RAM Connection and RAM Connection Standalone, RAM Elements
comes with many typical connection templates defined, but you may want to add
a new connection to the database or edit an existing connection. Custom
connections can be defined using the Database tools, in the Ribbon Home tab.
By default, the databases are located on your local hard drive and are not integral
with the model. If customizations are made to a database and used in a model,
anyone else opening this model will not have the correct information to allow an
analysis. To avoid a database error, see the following two suggestions:
• Zip your Model: Click on the RE button and then select Save As Zip... When a
model is zipped, the databases are included.
• Store the Databases on a Network: Store the databases in a common folder on
a network. Click on the RE button and then select the General Configuration
button. In the Configuration dialog, select the Default Folders tab to specify
the path to the network databases.
will be attempted. To customize the Connection toolbar, select the Customize the
Toolbar... option in the Assign pull down menu, located in the Modules tab of the
Ribbon.

Assigning Connections
In RAM Elements, connections can be designed according to one of the following
methods:
• Trial and Error (through the Data Panel)
• Basic Connections
• Smart Connections
Trial and Error

Connection can be assigned to joints in the Data Panel under the Connection tab
and Connections icon. Similar to RAM Connection, a list of all of the available
connections that are ready to be applied to the model is located at the bottom of
the Data Panel.
Connection Tab
Connections Icon
Available Connections

Connection design tools are available in the Spreadsheet tab of the Ribbon, when
the Connection tab and Connections icon are active.
 Exercise: Perform a Trial and Error Connection Design

up menu.
a fence around the framing at the second floor level, as seen below:
Fence
Elements icon.
up menu.

a fence around the beam-girder joints indicated below:
Fence
7 In the Data Panel, select the Connection tab and the Connections icon.
8 At the bottom of the Data Panel, highlight the following items:
• Table: Single Plate BG
• Item: SP_BG_1/4PL_3B3/4
9 In the Ribbon, select the Spreadsheet tab and then the Assign Selected
Connection to Model icon.
Note: In the Connection Assignment Window, below the Display Area, notice
that a total of 2 connections were assigned with no errors or warnings.
10 In the Ribbon, select the Spreadsheet tab and then the Assign Description
CNX (additive) icon.

Basic Connections
In a basic connection design, RAM Connection will search in a list of the
connections database until it finds a connection that works well in the joint, or
group of joints, according to the defined geometry and forces.
Basic connections can be designed individually or in groups. Individual

Hint: It may be preferable to initially design all connections individually, and then use
some of the available connection selection tools to determine how you would
like to group your connections.
 Exercise: Design the Basic Beam-Girder Connections Individually

4 In the Ribbon, select the Modules tab and then the Assign icon.
Hint: The Assign icon is also available in the Spreadsheet tab of the Ribbon
when the Connection tab and Connections icon are active in the Data
Panel.
menu.
6 In the Confirm dialog, click the Yes to All button to replace the connections
we assigned manually in the previous exercise.

Note: RAM Connection has selected the optimum basic shear plate connection
template for each of the beam to girder connections at the second floor
level. (Even though we have designed these connections individually,
several joints have been optimized using the same connection
template.) In the Data Panel, notice that each connection was given a
unique description.
7 In the Ribbon, select the View tab and then the Sections icon.
8 In the Data Panel, highlight the connection template SP_BG_1/4PL_2B3/4

and then select the Filters according to Data at Cursor Location icon,
available in the Spreadsheet tab of the Ribbon.
Note: This template has been assigned to the all of the W12 beams.
9 In the Ribbon, select the Spreadsheet tab and then the Remove Filter
icon.
10 Repeat this process for each of the assigned connection templates to see
the following results:
• SP_BG_1/4PL_3B3/4: W14 and W18 beams
• SP_BG_1/4PL_4B3/4: W24 beams

Grouped Connections
Basic connections can be designed individually or in groups. Grouped connections

are designed with the same connection template for several different joints. For
all joints with identical member sizes, the resulting connections will be identical
producing the same number of bolts, plate sizes, etc. Designing connections in a
group allows you to minimize the number of unique connection designs on a
structure.
 Exercise: Design the Basic Beam-Girder Connections in Groups


5 Click OK.
menu.
connections.


12 Click OK.
14 In the pull-down menu, select Basic Connections > Basic SP.

connections.
Note: In the Data Panel, notice that the connections assigned to groups of
common joints were given a common description.
Hint: If the connections are not currently selected, and displayed in the Data
Panel, click the Select all Elements icon, available in the Home tab of
the Ribbon.
Elements icon.
up menu.

Smart Connections
Smart connections are connections where RAM Connection will adapt the joint
design parameters automatically until the connection fulfills the requirements.
These parameters may include bolt number, weld size, or plate size.
Smart connections can be designed individually or in groups. Individual

 Exercise: Design the Smart Beam-Girder Connections Individually

a fence around the framing at the roof level, as seen below:
Fence
Elements icon.
up menu.

menu.
Note: RAM Elements has selected the optimum smart shear plate connection
for each of the beam to girder connections at the roof level. In the Data
Panel, notice that each connection was given a unique description.
Grouped Connections
Smart connections can be designed individually or in groups. Grouped

connections are designed with the same connection template for several different
joints. For all joints with identical member sizes, the resulting connections will be
identical, producing the same number of bolts, plate sizes, etc. Designing
Note: All grouped connections will have the same description even though some
connection parameters could be different.
 Exercise: Design the Smart Beam-Girder Connections in Groups

menu.
6 In the Confirm dialog, click Yes to All to replace the existing connections.

Note: RAM Elements has selected a smart shear plate connection template for
each type of the selected beam - girder connections. (Even though we
have designed these connections in groups, RAM Elements may assign
different templates to some of the connections if the geometry is
different.) In the Data Panel, notice the connections are grouped by
common descriptions.
Note: The connections supporting the beams on the flat portion of the roof
have all been assigned the same description. Since the infill beams are
of difference sizes, however, different connection parameters may have
been assigned to each.
Elements icon.
up menu.

Completing the Design

We will now assign connections to the remainder of the joints in the model.
 Exercise: Assign Shear Connections

3 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Select all Beam - Column Flange
Joints....

7 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Select All Beam - Column Web
Joints.

 Exercise: Assign the Gusset Connections

Joints.
5 In the pull-down menu, select Gusset Connections > CBB_SP.

Joints.
 Exercise: Assign the Moment Connections



5 Click OK.
7 In the pull-down menu, select Smart Connections > Smart FP Welded.


11 Click OK.
design groups no single connection worked for all the joints. We will
check the status of these connections, and adjust them as required,
when we review the connection designs for this model.

 Exercise: Assign the Base Plate Connections


5 Click OK.
7 In the pull-down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Pinned
Base Plate.
design groups no single connection worked for all the joints. RAM
Elements was unable to assign pinned base plates to the column-brace-
base joints.
9 In the pull-down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Gusset
Base Plate.


13 Click OK.
15 In the pull-down menu, select the Base Plate Connections > Smart Fixed
Biaxial Base Plate.


or in reports.
• To view the results on screen, use the Design tools, located in the View tab of
the Ribbon.
• To access the Connection Pad, use the Connections icon, located in the
Modules tab of the Ribbon.
• To review the Connection Design Report, use the Reports tools, located in the
Output tab of the Ribbon.
 Exercise: Review and Modify the Failing Connections

1 Continue with the model from the previous exercise or open
REDataset_Standard_Complete.etz in RAM Elements.
2 In the Display Area, deselect all currently selected elements.


connections.
Select the “X”
Note: In this model, several base plates and moment connections have failed
the initial code check.
 Exercise: Modify the Failing Connections in the Connection Pad

2 In the Display Area, deselect all elements and then click on the failing
gusset base plate indicated below.
Click


Connections.
5 In the Ribbon, select the Modules tab and then the Connections icon.
results. This connection is currently failing the following design checks:
• Flexural yielding (bearing interface)
• Anchor bolt effective length
• Breakout of group of anchors in shear
Base Plate folder:
• Longitudinal dimension: 24 inches
• Transversal dimension: 30 inches
• Include shear lug: (checked)
Support sub-folder:
• Thickness: 24 inches
Anchor sub-folder:
• Effective embedment depth: 14 inches
10 In the Connection Pad, click the Save icon and then click the Close icon.

11 Repeat this process for the remainder of the failing connections.


 Exercise: Review the Connection Report

4 In the Ribbon, select the Output tab and then the Design icon. In the pull
down menu, select Connections.
5 In the Connections Design dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Report Type: Grouped, Group by Description
6 In the Connections Design dialog, click OK.
7 In the Steel Connections Report, notice that the controlling connection
result, the connection with the highest ratio, is listed for each connection
description in the model.
Note: Notice that each connection description has a ratio less than 1.0,
indicating that all connections are passing the code check.
8 In the Steel Connections Report, click the Close icon to return to RAM
Elements.

Seismic Provisions
Seismic Provisions
RAM Elements can be used to design and analyze connections under seismic
loading according to the following specifications and requirements:
Load combinations can be generated in RAM Elements according to AISC 341-05.
 Exercise: Analyze the Model with Seismic Provisions

1 Open REDataset_Seismic.etz in RAM Elements.
Note: In this model, the seismic design parameters have already been
specified for the ordinary moment frames and the amplified seismic
load combinations have been generated.
2 In the Ribbon, select the Process tab and then the Analyze Model icon.
3 In the Analysis dialog, select the Analysis tab and enter the following
parameters:
• Disable Shear Deformations: (unchecked)
• Perform Second Order Analysis (P-Delta): (unchecked)
4 In the Analysis dialog, click Analyze.
5 In the Ribbon, select the Process tab and then the Design All icon.
6 In the Design dialog, select the Design Code tab and enter the following
parameters:
• Steel Members: AISC 360-05, AISI 01 (LRFD)
• Reinforced Concrete Members: ACI 318-05
• Wood Members: NDS 05 (ASD)

Seismic Provisions
Note: In this model, load combinations according to AISC 360-05 LRFD and
AISC 341-05 have already been generated.
7 In the Design dialog, select the Seismic Design tab and enter the following
parameters:
• Consider AISC 341-05 Seismic Provisions: (checked)
• Acting gravity load combination for earthquake: D2=1.2dl+1.6llp
8 In the Design dialog, click Design.
Gusset Connections
RAM Connection will design Column-Beam-Brace (CBB) or Chevron Brace (CVR)
connections for the following types of braced frames with a response
Seismic provision connection design parameters may be assigned to braced frame

steel members in the Data Panel under the Connections tab and the Seismic
Design icon.
Connections tab
Seismic Design
icon

Seismic Provisions
 Exercise: Assign the Gusset Connections for Seismic Provisions

up menu.
a fence around the braced frame systems indicated below:
4 In the Data Panel, select the Connections tab and then the Seismic Design
icon.
Note: In this model, the braced frame types have already been defined in the
Data Panel.
Joints.
8 In the pull-down menu, select the Gusset Connections > CBB_SP.

Seismic Provisions
10 In the pull down menu, select Joints > Continuous Beams - Brace Joints.
12 In the pull-down menu, select the Gusset Connections > CVR_CBF.


Seismic Provisions
Moment Connections
RAM Connection will design moment resisting connections for the following types
of moment frames with a response modification factor greater than 3.0:
• Ordinary Moment Frame (OMF)
• Intermediate Moment Frame (IMF)
• Special Moment Frame (SMF)
Seismic design parameters may be assigned to moment frame steel members in

the Data Panel under the Members tab and the Steel Design icon. The parameters
may be applied manually in the Data Panel or though the steel design tools in the
Spreadsheet tab of the Ribbon.
Members tab
Steel Design icon
Steel Design Code
Note: Notice that RAM Elements can calculate reduced beam section parameters.

Seismic Provisions
 Exercise: Assign the Moment Connections for Seismic Provisions

up menu.
a fence around the braced frame systems indicated below:
4 In the Data Panel, select the Members tab and then the Steel Design icon.
Note: In this model, the moment frame types have already been defined in the
Data Panel.

Seismic Provisions

• Select From: All Members
• Options: Verify Releases
• Fixed End Beams: (checked)
8 In the Special Selection of Joints dialog, click OK.
10 In the pull-down menu, select the Smart Connections > Smart DW.

or in reports.

2 In the Display Area, deselect all currently selected elements.
connections.
Note: Notice that several moment frame joints and braced frame joints have
failed the code check in RAM Connection.

Seismic Provisions
8 In the Display Area, deselect all elements and then click on the failing
gusset base plate indicated below.
Click
9 In the Ribbon, select the Modules tab and then the Connections icon.
results. This connection is currently failing the following design checks:
• Bolt Shear
Left Beam > Beam to Column Connection > Single Plate folder:
• Bolts: 1” A325N
14 In the Connection Pad, click the Save icon and then click the Close icon.

Module Review

15 Repeat this process for the remainder of the failing connections.

Module Review
Questions
1 What information can be edited in the Connection Detailing Module and
will be applied to the model once the Connection Pad is closed?

Module Review
Answers
1 What information can be edited in the Connection Detailing Module and
will be applied to the model once the Connection Pad is closed?
The following symbol indicates parameters that may be modified,
verified, and saved once the Connection Pad is closed. These parameters
include plate thickness, bolt spacing, or bolt size and material.
The following symbol indicates parameters that may be modified and

verified, but will not be saved once the Connection Pad is closed. These
parameters include beam sizes and materials, loads on connections, or
column sizes and materials.

RAM Connection with
STAAD.Pro
Module Overview
An interface with RAM Connection has been added to STAAD.Pro. This allows
STAAD users to design steel connections using RAM Connection directly within
STAAD.Pro.
• A basic understanding of RAM Connection Standalone and RAM Connection
• A basic understanding of STAAD.Pro
Module Objectives
• Initiate the RAM Connection design mode within STAAD.Pro
• Review the material data
• Design basic, smart, and gusset connections in STAAD.Pro
• Edit the connection designs using the Connection Pad
• Review the Drawing and Results for each connection
Nov-10 175 RAM Connection with STAAD.Pro

Questions
1 A RAM Connection interface can be used within STAAD.Pro to design steel
connections.
• True
• False
RAM Connection with STAAD.Pro 176 Nov-10

Answers
1 A RAM Connection interface can be used within STAAD.Pro to design steel
connections.
True
This training module presents procedures for designing steel connections
in STAAD.Pro using the RAM Connection interface.

Getting Started
Getting Started
The RAM Connection design mode is provided within STAAD.Pro in order to
design steel-to-steel connections. Similar to the Post-Processing mode, the RAM
Connection design mode within STAAD.Pro can be invoked only after an analysis
has been performed.
 Exercise: Start RAM Connection in STAAD.Pro

1 Open STAAD.Pro by double clicking on the icon on your desktop or by
navigating to the program location from the Start menu.
2 In the menu bar, select File > Open... Navigate to the dataset file entitled
STAADDataset.std and click Open.
3 In the menu bar, select Analyze > Run Analysis...
4 In the STAAD Analysis and Design dialog, select the Stay in Modeling
Mode radio button and then click Done.
5 In the menu bar, select Mode > Interactive Designs > RAM Connection or
select the RAM Connection tab above the main window.
RAM Connection tab
6 In the Connection Assignment dialog, click the Close button.
Note: This notification message will be displayed when you enter RAM
Connection design mode to indicate that you will need to provide some
additional material properties.

Defining Load Envelopes
Defining Load Envelopes

In STAAD.Pro, a load envelope of load cases and/or load combinations that will be
used to determine member end forces for connection design must be defined
prior to assigning connections. The following two options are available when
defining a design load envelope:
• Defined Envelopes: Load envelopes that have previously been created in the
STAAD file can be selected in the RAM Connection Mode. For instance, load
envelopes may have already been defined if the interactive Steel Designer or
RC Designer. If no envelopes have been defined in the file, this field is
disabled.
• Defined Loads: Loads and/or load combinations can be included in the
connection design load envelope.
For connection design, a member has the potential for six reaction components:
three forces acting along the local x-, y-, and z- axes of the member (representing
axial force and two end shears, respectively) and a rotation about each of these
three axes (representing torsion and two bending moments, respectively). The
RAM Connection design mode designs connections for these components for
each load case or combination individually and the controlling condition is used as
the final connection design for a joint.
Note: This differs from the procedure that was used in earlier implementations of
RAM Connection design mode in STAAD.Pro. Previously, connections were
designed for an envelope of the maximum values of each of the six force/
moment components, even if those extreme values did not occur concurrently.
 Exercise: Create a Load Envelope

1 Continue with the model from the previous exercise. The RAM Connection
Mode should be active.
2 In the Page Control, ensure that the Connection tab and Connection sub-
tab are active.
3 In the menu bar, select Connection Design > Load Envelope for
Connection... or select the Load Envelope icon on the RAM Connection
Input dialog.

RAM Settings
4 In the Design Load Envelope dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Defined Loads: (selected)
• Select all Load Cases Shown Below: (checked)
• Show Combinations Only: (checked)
5 In the Design Load Envelope dialog, click OK.
RAM Settings
Prior to designing connections, you can specify the connection design code, ASD
or LRFD, and the grouping of connections. RAM Connection permits connections
to be designed individually or grouped, as described below:
• Individually: Connections that are designed individually are designed for the
forces and sizes at that specific joint without regard to forces or geometry of
any other joint. This will produce the most efficient use of material.
• Grouped: Connections that are designed in groups are designed with the same
connection template for several different joints. For all joints with identical
member sizes, the resulting connections will be identical producing the same
number of bolts, plate sizes, etc. Designing connections in a group allows you
to minimize the number of unique connection designs in a model.
 Exercise: Specify the Design Connection Configuration

2 In the menu bar, select Connection Design > Assign RAM Connection
Settings... or select the Default Settings icon in the RAM Connection Input
dialog.
3 In the RAM Settings dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Design Code: AISC 360-05 (ASD)
• Consider AISC 341-05 Seismic Provision: (unchecked)
• Design Connections Individually: (unchecked)
4 In the RAM Settings dialog, click OK.

Material Data
Material Data
In the STAAD.Pro, the following material data for the connection should be
entered:
• Fy: Yield stress
• Ry: Yield strength ratio
• Rt: Ratio of the expected tensile strength Fy to the specified minimum tensile
strength, Fu
• Fu: Specified minimum tensile strength
 Exercise: Specify the Material Data

2 In the menu bar, select Connection Design > Assign RAM Material... or
select the Material Input icon in the RAM Connection Input dialog.
3 In the RAM Material dialog, modify the following parameters for the A992
material type:
• Fy: 50.00 ksi
• Fu: 65.00 ksi
• Ry: 1.00
• Rt: 1.00
4 In the RAM Material dialog, click OK.

Databases
Databases
RAM Connection comes with a connections and a bolt/weld database already
defined.
Warning: All of the databases that are used in the STAAD.Pro integration with RAM
Connection are located in a directory with the STAAD program files. This is
not the same location as for the database files used for other installations
of RAM Connection that may be present on your computer, such as RAM
Connection Standalone or the integrated RAM Connection that is used with
the RAM Structural System or RAM Elements.
Each database is organized by group, table, and item. The group indicates the
region for which the database is applicable, such as United States or Europe. The
table indicates the type of connections, bolts or welds contained in the group. The
item indicates the properties for each connection, bolt, or weld contained in the
table.
Note: The databases installed with RAM Connection cannot be modified.
The Connections Database

The Connection Types available in RAM Connection are as follows:
• CA - Shear Clip Angle • Tee - Shear Tee

• SP - Single Plate • MT - Moment Tee
• EP - End Plate • BP - Bent Plate
• FP - Flange Plate • EEP - Extended End Plate
• CP - Cap Plate • MA - Moment Angles
• SS - Stiffened Seated • US - Unstiffened Seated
• PBr - Plate Bracket • TBr - Tee Bracket
• TP - Through Plate (HSS Support) • 4A - Four Angle Beam Splice
• DW - Directly Welded • CBB - Column-Beam-Braces
• CVR - Chevron Braces • VXB - Vertical X Braces
• BPl - Base Plate • GBP - Gusset Base Plate

Connection Design
Connection Design
In STAAD.Pro, the members forming a joint must be selected prior to assigning a
connection. The following table demonstrates the connection families that are
available in the RAM Connection design mode in STAAD.Pro along with the
number of members that are required in order to create each joint type.
Type (Code) Number of Selected Beams Required

Beam-Column Flange Joints (BCF) 2 or 3
Beam-Column Web Joints (BCW) 2 or 3
Beam-Girder Joints (BG) 2 or 3
Beam Splice Joints (BS) 2
Column Splice Joints (CS) 2
Continuous Beam Over Column Joints 2 or 3
or Column Cap Joints (CC) or (CP)
Column-Beam Braces (CBB) 1 or 2 columns
1 or 2 beams
1 to 4 braces
(Braces must be defined with the
TRUSS Command)
Chevron Brace or Beam-Braces (CVR) 1 or 2 beams
1 to 4 braces
TRUSS Command)
Vertical X Brace (VXB) 4 Braces
TRUSS Command)
Column Base (CB) 1 column
Column-Base Braces (CB) 1 columns
1 to 4 braces
TRUSS Command)
In the STAAD.Pro RAM Connection design mode, you can design connections by
using either Basic or Smart connection templates.

Connection Design
Basic Connections
When assigning Basic templates to a connection, the RAM Connection design
mode tests each assigned template, starting at the top of the list until it finds the
first one that has the capacity to resist the applied loads, and that is appropriate
for the defined geometry of the joint.
 Exercise: Assign Basic Connections

2 In the menu bar, select Select > Select Joints > Select all Beam-Column
Web Joints.
3 In the menu bar, select Connection Design > Assign Basic Connections...
or select the Basic Connection icon in the RAM Connection Input dialog.
4 In the Basic Connections dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Design: AISC 360-05 (ASD)
• Consider AISC 341-05 Seismic Provisions: (unchecked)
• Connection Type: Single Plate BCW (Single Plate Beam Column Web)
5 In the Basic Connections dialog, select the double right arrow button to
move all of the connection templates from the Available window to the
Selected window.
6 In the Basic Connections dialog, click OK.

7 In the Connection Assignment dialog, notice that three connections have
been assigned and designed successfully. Click Close.

Connection Design
Smart Connections
When assigning Smart templates to a connection, the RAM Connection design
mode adapts the design parameters automatically until the connection fulfills the
geometry and loading requirements. These parameters may include bolt number,
weld size, and plate size.
 Exercise: Assign Smart Moment Connections

Note: A moment connection typically consists of two components: one to

resist the beam end shear, and another to resist the end moment.
Results may be viewed for only one component at a time. For this
exercise, we will assign the moment connection first and then assign
the shear connection in the next exercise.
2 In the menu bar, select Select > Select Joints > Select Special Joints.
• Options: Verify Releases
• Fixed End Beams: (checked)
4 In the Special Selection of Joints dialog, click OK.
Note: This is a convenient way to select all beam members with fixed ends
(one beam in the model).
5 In the menu bar, select Connection Design > Assign Smart Connections...
or select the Smart Connection icon in the RAM Connection Input dialog.

Connection Design
6 In the Smart Connections dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Connection Type: Directly Welded BCF (Directly Welded BCF)
7 In the Smart Connections dialog, highlight DW BCF and then click the
single right arrow button to move the connection template from the
Available window to the Selected window.
Note: When designing a smart connection, you can only select a single
template.
8 In the Smart Connections dialog, click OK.
9 In the Connection Assignment dialog, notice that 1 connections has been
assigned and designed, but that the program was unable to achieve an
acceptable configuration, hence the Status - No Good message. (We will
see how to address this deficient connection shortly.) Click Close.

Connection Design
 Exercise: Assign Smart Shear Connections

2 In the menu bar, select Select > Select Joints > Select all Beam-Column
Flange Joints.
3 In the menu bar, select Connection Design > Assign Smart Connections...
or select the Smart Connection icon in the RAM Connection Input dialog.
4 In the Smart Connections dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Connection Type: Single Plate BCF (Single Plate Beam Column Flange)
5 In the Smart Connections dialog, highlight SP BCF and then click the single
right arrow button to move the connection template from the Available
window to the Selected window.
6 In the Smart Connections dialog, click OK.

A pop-up dialog appears and offers to replace the connection “BCF - N(7) -
M(5,8)”. This message is produced, because the program detects that
there is already a connection at Node 7 between Members 5 and 8. This
represents the Direct Weld connection that was created in the previous
exercise, and we do NOT want to replace that connection. Instead, we
want to create this new Shear Plate BCF connection at that joint IN
ADDITION TO the Direct Weld connection.
7 Click No in the pop-up dialog that offers to replace the connection. Now,
there is both a DW and a Shear Plate BCF connection at Node 7.
8 In the Connection Assignment dialog, notice that three connections have
been assigned and designed. Click Close.

Connection Design
Gusset Connections
The RAM Connection design mode can design gusset connections for gusset-to-
brace configurations or gusset-to-beam or column configurations. The braces in
gusset connection can only transmit axial load to the connection.
Note: When designing bracing connections, the brace members must be defined in
STAAD.Pro using the TRUSS specification.
 Exercise: Assign Gusset Connections to the Model

2 In the menu bar, select Select > Select Joints > Select all Column-Beam-
Braces Joints.
3 In the menu bar, select Connection Design > Assign Gusset Connections...
or select the Gusset Connection icon in the RAM Connection Input dialog.
4 In the Gusset Connections dialog, enter the following parameters:

• Connection Type: Gusset Plate CBB (Gusset Plate Column Beam
Brace)
5 In the Gusset Connections dialog, highlight CBB_DW and then click the
6 In the Gusset Connections dialog, click OK.

7 In the Connection Assignment dialog, notice that 2 connections have been
assigned and designed. Click Close.
8 In the menu bar, select Select > Select Joints > Select all Vertical X Braces
Joints.

Connection Design

• Connection Type: Gusset Plate VXB (Gusset Plate Bracing)
11 In the Gusset Connections dialog, highlight VXB and then click the single
right arrow button to move the connection template from the Available
window to the Selected window.

13 In the Connection Assignment dialog, notice that 1 connection has been
14 Keep this model open for the next section.

Connection Design
Base Plates
 Exercise: Assign Base Plate Connections to the Model
2 In the menu bar, select Select > Select Joints > Select all Column-Base
Joints.

• Connection Type: Gusset Base Plate (Gusset Base Plate)
5 In the Gusset Connections dialog, highlight Gusset BP and then click the

7 In the Connection Assignment dialog, notice that 2 connections have been
8 Keep this model open for the next section.

Connection Pad
Connection Pad
Connection designs may be viewed and edited in STAAD.Pro via the RAM
Connection Pad. The Connection Pad is divided into several work areas:
• Ribbon - Contains commands that assist in the visualization, design and
output of results.
• Properties Area - Used to enter connection information.
• Drawing Area - Used to display the entered data in 3D or 2D. (All text displayed
in RED may be modified in the Drawing Area and will be reflected back in the
Properties Area.)
• Help Area - Used to display information about the specific item select in the
Properties Area.
• Status Bar - Contains the traffic indicator light, which indicates the status of
the connection:
• No Light - Indicates the design must be re-verified since some
parameters may have been modified.

Connection Pad
Ribbon Drawing Area
Properties Area Status Bar (Traffic Indicator Light) Help Area

Connection Pad
 Exercise: Edit the Connection Designs

2 In the Selection toolbar, select the Select Joints icon and use the cursor to
double-click the joint at Node 7.
Selection
3 In the Select Connection dialog, highlight the DW BCF connection and then
click OK.
Note: In the Connection Pad, notice that the indicator light is red, indicating
that the connection is currently failing.

Connection Pad
4 In the Directly Welded Flanges - BCF connection pad, modify the following
Main Data parameters:
• Is column end: No
Warning: While creating a joint definition where the column is continuous

through the joint, STAAD.Pro does not allow simultaneous selection
of the column section above and below a joint. Instead, only one
section of the column can be included in the joint definition.
Because of this, the RAM Connection design mode does not
recognize that the column is continuous in a condition like this.
Thus, for a beam-to-column moment connection, the default is to
design the connection considering the column to be loaded in a
“near end” condition when checking column stiffener
requirements. For conditions like the joint in this exercise, this will
need to be manually corrected in the RAM Connection Pad.
5 In the Directly Welded Flanges - BCF connection pad, modify the following
Stiffeners parameters:
• Ns: No of transverse stiffeners: Both Sides
• bs: Transverse stiffeners width: 5 inches
• cc: Corner clips: 1 inch
• ts: Transverse stiffener thickness: 0.5 inches
• Material: A36
• Weld Type: E70XX
• D: Weld size to support (1/16): 4
Note: In the Connection Pad, notice that the indicator light is green, indicating
that the connection has passed the code check.

Connection Pad
6 In the Directly Welded Flanges - BCF connection pad, select the Results
report icon.
7 In the Result Report, notice the following information is indicated:

• Loads: Includes beam and column reactions for each of the load
combinations selected in the Load Envelope.
• Geometric Considerations: Includes the transverse stiffener properties.
• Design Check: Includes the support design checks and critical strength
ratio.
Note: Notice that the critical strength ratio for this connection is now less than
1.0, indicating that it passed the design checks.
8 In the Result Report, click Close to return to the Connection Pad.
11 In the main menu, select File > Save.

Drawing and Result
Drawing and Result

The Drawing and Result page displays the summary, layout, and results of the
connection designs. All connections that have been designed are available for
viewing on this page.
 Exercise: Review the Drawing and Results

2 In the Page Control, select the Connection tab and Drawing & Result sub-
tab.
3 In the RAM Connection Result dialog, highlight the BCF - N(7) - M(5,8) DW
BCF joint.
4 In the STAADDataset.std - Design Drawing -BCF - N(7) - M (5,8) dialog,
review the connection details and notice that the geometry that was
specified in the Connection Pad is reflected in this drawing.
5 In the Design Report dialog, notice the following information is indicated:

• General Data: Includes design considerations for this connection.
• Members: Includes beam and support information.
• Connection: Includes connection type and transverse stiffener
information.
• Loads: Includes beam and column reactions for each of the load
combinations selected in the Load Envelope.
• Geometric Considerations: Includes the transverse stiffener properties.
• Design Check: Includes the support design checks and critical strength
ratio.

Connection Design Report
Connection Design Report

Connection design reports may be included in a STAAD Report, available in the
Post Processing Mode.
 Exercise: Preview the Connection Report

2 In the menu bar, select Mode > Post Processing or select the Post
Processing icon in the Mode toolbar.
3 In the Results Setup dialog, click OK.

4 In the Page Control, select the Reports tab.
5 In the Report Setup dialog, select the Items tab and select RAM
Connection Report from the pull down menu.
6 In the Report Setup dialog, select the double right arrow button to move
all of the connections from the Available window to the Selected window.
7 In the Report Setup dialog, click OK.
Note: Notice that all of the connection designs have been added to the report.
8 In the Report, notice that the following information was provided for each
connection:
• General Data
• Members
• Connection
• Loads
• Geometric Considerations
• Design Checks
9 In the menu bar, select File > Save.
10 In the menu bar, select File > Exit to return to the Start Page.

Module Review
Module Review
Questions
1 What action must be performed in STAAD.Pro before being able to enter
the RAM Connection Mode?
2 Which three items below are specified in the RAM Connection Mode prior
to designing the steel connections:
• Joint Definition
• Design Brief
• Member Properties
• Load Envelope
3 Connections can be modified after the design has been performed?
• True
• False

Module Review
Answers
1 What action must be performed in STAAD.Pro before being able to enter
the RAM Connection Mode?
The model must be analyzed.
An analysis is necessary so that member end forces are available to be
input into RAM Connection.
2 Which three items below are specified in the RAM Connection Mode prior
to designing the steel connections:
Joint Definition, Design Brief, and Load Envelope
There is a button for each of these three operations in the data area of the
screen when in the RAM Connection Mode. Each of these items must be
defined before the connection design can be performed.
3 Connections can be modified after the design has been performed?
True
Double-click a joint using the new Joints Cursor to open the RAM
Connection Design Window. In this window, all parameters used in the
design of the connection may be modified. However, STAAD.Pro does not
currently allow changes to the design to be saved. This will be corrected in
a future version.

Module Review

Course Summary
Course Summary
Now you will be able to:
• Create and design connections in RAM Connection Standalone
• Create and design connections on an analyzed RAM Structural System model
with RAM Connection
• Create and design connections on an analyzed RAM Elements Model with the
RAM Connection Interface within RAM Elements
• Create and design connections on an analyzed STAAD.Pro Model with the
RAM Connection Interface within STAAD.Pro
Course Review
Now that you have completed this course, let’s measure what you have learned.
Questions
Nov-10 201 Course Summary

Course Review
Answers
RAM Connection comes with many typical databases defined, but you
may want to add new information to the databases or edit the existing
information as follows:
• Bolts Database
• Welds Database
• Individual Connections: Connections that are designed individually in
RAM Connection are designed for the forces and sizes at that specific
joint without regard to forces or geometry of any other joint. This will
produce the most efficient use of material.
• Grouped Connections: Connections that are design in groups in RAM
Connection are designed with the same connection template for
several different joints. For all joints with identical member sizes, the
resulting connections will be identical producing the same number of
bolts, plate sizes, etc. Designing connections in a group allows you to
minimize the number of unique connection designs on a structure.
Course Summary 202 Nov-10


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RAM Connection Fundamentals

RAM Connection V8i (SELECTseries 3)

Bentley Institute Course Guide

AutoCAD is a registered trademark of Autodesk, Inc.

Copyright ©2010, Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

RAM Connection Fundamentals 2 Nov-10

Course Overview ____________________________________ 7

RAM Connection Standalone __________________________ 9

Nov-10 3 Table of Contents

Base Plate Connections______________________________54

RAM Connection with RAM Structural System ____________ 85

Table of Contents 4 Nov-10

RAM Connection with RAM Elements ___________________ 137

RAM Connection with STAAD.Pro ______________________ 175

Nov-10 5 Table of Contents

Connection Pad _______________________________________191

Course Summary ____________________________________ 201

Table of Contents 6 Nov-10

Nov-10 7 Course Overview

Copyright © 2009 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

Course Overview 8 Nov-10

Nov-10 9 RAM Connection Standalone

Copyright © 2009 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

RAM Connection Standalone 10 Nov-10

Nov-10 11 RAM Connection Standalone

 Exercise: Open RAM Connection Standalone

RAM Connection Standalone

General Analysis Interface

RAM Connection Standalone 12 Nov-10

Joint Selection Area Status Bar Available Connections

Nov-10 13 RAM Connection Standalone

 Exercise: Specify the Default Units

RAM Connection Standalone 14 Nov-10

 Exercise: Customize the Connection Design Criteria

Nov-10 15 RAM Connection Standalone

RAM Connection Standalone 16 Nov-10

The active load condition is indicated in the Status Bar.

 Exercise: Define Load Cases

Num ID Description Category

4 In the Load Conditions dialog, click OK.

• To generate load combinations, select the Generate Load Combinations icon.

Nov-10 17 RAM Connection Standalone

Note: RAM Connection Standalone does not perform an automatic generation

 Exercise: Generate Load Combinations

4 In the Generate Load Combinations dialog, click the Generate button.

RAM Connection Standalone 18 Nov-10

The following databases may be customized in RAM Connection Standalone:

Nov-10 19 RAM Connection Standalone

The Connections Database

• CA - Shear Clip Angle(s) • TEE - Shear Tee

The Connection Families available in RAM Connection are as follows:

• BCF - Beam-Column Flange • BS - Beam Splice

RAM Connection Standalone 20 Nov-10

 Exercise: Define a New Connection Template

Nov-10 21 RAM Connection Standalone

Hint: Connection items or template groups can also be exported or imported

3 In the Connections dialog, select the Add New Group icon.

6 In the New Table dialog, enter the following parameters:

RAM Connection Standalone 22 Nov-10

8 Keep the Template dialog open for the next exercise.

The Connection Pad

Nov-10 23 RAM Connection Standalone

Ribbon Drawing Area

Properties Area Status Bar (Traffic Indicator Light) Help Area