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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

DEAD LOAD COMPUTATION OF TRUSSES:


See: Details of trusses

PROPERTIES OF EQUAL ANGLE SECTIONS


Weight(W) Area(A) Depth(H)
Designation
kg/m 〖𝑚 mm
L75x75x12 13.08 𝑚〗 ^ 1667 75
2
PROPERTIES OF CHANNEL SECTIONS
Weight(W) Area(A) Depth(H)
Designation
kg/m 〖𝑚 mm
C3x6 8.93 𝑚〗 ^ 1,135 76.2
2

USING C3x6 CHANNEL SECTION TOP AND BOTTOM CHORDS, VERTICAL AND DIAGONAL MEMBERS

Length(L) Unit weight Area(A)


Members
m 〖𝑚
〖𝑁 /𝑚 〗^3
AD 2.92 76,321.80 𝑚〗 ^ 1,135
DG 2.92 76,321.80 2 1,135
AJ 2.5 76,321.80 1,135
JG 2.5 76,321.80 1,135
DJ 1.5 76,321.80 1,135
BH 0.3 76,321.80 1,135
CI 0.9 76,321.80 1,135
EK 0.9 76,321.80 1,135
FL 0.3 76,321.80 1,135
BI 1.044 76,321.80 1,135
CJ 1.345 76,321.80 1,135
EJ 1.345 76,321.80 1,135
FK 1.044 76,321.80 1,135
TOTAL

USING 2-100X8 CHANNEL PURLINS SPACED @ .70m O.C

Length(L) Unit weight Area(A)


Designation
〖𝑁 /𝑚 m 〗^3 〖𝑚
C3X6 46.4 76,321.80 𝑚〗 ^ 1,135
2

COMPUTING DEAD LOAD PER STOREY


G.I. Pipes No. of Pieces Designation
G.I. Pipes No. of Pieces Designation

Post/column Top Floor 4 6" dia.


Horizontal Braces " 4 4" dia.
Railings " 64 2" dia.
Steel Plate " 1 1/4" thick

Angle Bar
Floor Framing " 11 2"x2"x1/4"

Post/Column 3rd Floor 4 6" dia.


HorizontalBraces " 4 4" dia.
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia.
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia.
Railings " 72 2"
Steel Plate " 1 1/4" thick

Angle Bar
Floor Framing " 11 2"x2"x1/4"

Post/Column 2nd Floor 8 8" dia..


HorizontalBraces " 4 4" dia.
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia.
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia.
Railings " 80 2" dia.
Steel Plate " 1 1/4" thick
Angle Bar
Floor Framing " 11 2"x2"x1/4"

Posts/Column Ground Floor 8 10" dia.


Diagonal Braces " 6 4" dia.
Diagonal Braces " 6 4" dia.
Total

Mass density of steel = 76.975 KN/m^3


For Dead Load:
Total Dead Load of Truss + Total Dead load of Tower =84.511+369.83 = 454.371

76.975 KN/m^3 * 293189.568/(39.37 in)^3 = 389.83 KN

For Live Load:


Assuming 65KG / person @ 20 = 1300 x 9.81 = 12753 N / 1000 = 12.753 KN
For Cable Wire:
DISTANCE TRAVELLED
𝐷=√( 〖 400 〗^2+ 〖 36 〗
^2 )
𝐷=401.62𝑚

APPROXIMATE ACCELERATION

𝑎=𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠/
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠

𝑎=(𝑚∗𝑔∗sin𝜃)/𝑚−loss

𝑎=𝑔∗𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠
𝑎=9.81 𝑚/𝑠^2 ∗𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−0.41 𝑚/𝑠^2

𝑎=9.81 𝑚/^2∗sin⁡〖 3.43−0.41𝑚/𝑠^2 〗

𝑎=0.1769 𝑚/𝑠^2

CALCULATE MAXIMUM VELOCITY

𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥= √(2∗𝑎∗𝐷)

𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥= √(2∗0.1769 𝑚/𝑠^2 ∗401.62𝑚)

𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥=11.92 𝑚/𝑠

CABLE TENSION

tan⁡〖𝛼 =400𝑚/
36𝑚 〗

𝛼=84.857 or 85

𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽=50𝑚/9𝑚

𝛽=79.685 𝑜𝑟 80
DESIGN OF SQUARE FOOTING:

Properties of supporting columns:


2000 x 2000 mm in cross-section
Height = 3 m
reinforced with 8-20 mm dia. Bars
distance of the base footing below the natural grade= 1.5 m
allowable soil pressure= 23.5 Kpa
unit weight of soil=15.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚^3
𝑓_𝑦=276 MPa
〖𝑓𝑐〗^′= 20.7 𝛾_𝑐=23.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚^3
MPa, 20-mm main bars and 16 mm clear cover
Using
Load transmitted to supporting footings:

USING THE 2010 NSCP

Initial estimate of footing depth:

Area of footing = L^2 = (454.371+12.753)/235 =1.4 m

Depth
.2*1400+ 75 = 355mm

Effective soil bearing capacity:

q_e=235−23.5(0.35)−15.6(1.5-0.35) = 208.835 kpa

Dimension of footing

Area of footing = Unfactored Load/q_e = 454.371+ 12.753 / 208.835 = 1.93m say 2m


Footing Dimension = 2m x 2m

Depth of footing

q_u = factored load/q_e


q_u = 1.4(454.371) + 1.7 (12.753) / 2 *2 = 164.45 kpa

Actual Bearing Strength


Pu = 1.4(454.371) + 1.7 (12 753) = 657. 7995 kn

Permissible Bearing Stress


Ø 0.85 f'c A = 0.7 (0.85) (20.7) (350)^2 = 1,508.77 kn

But this may be multiplied by square root Area 1 / Area 2 less than equal to 2

A1 = 0.35*0.35 = 0.1225 m^2


A2 = 2x2 = 4m^2
square root of (4/0.1225) = 5.71 use 2

Permissible bearing stress


1,508.77 (2) = 3,017.54 > 657.7995
LYSIS

Width(B) Thickness(t) I(x10^3)


mm mm 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^4
75 12 825.67

Width(B) Thickness(t) web thickness


mm mm mm
40.5 6.9 9

Load
No. of pcs.
KN
2 0.51
2 0.51
4 0.87
4 0.87
1 0.13
2 0.05
2 0.16
2 0.16
2 0.05
2 0.18
2 0.23
2 0.23
2 0.18
4.12 KN

Load
No. of pcs.
KN
20 80.39 KN

Length (in.) Area (in.^2) Volume (in.^3)


Length (in.) Area (in.^2) Volume (in.^3)

118.11 28.27 13355.88


157.48 12.57 7918.09
59.06 3.142 11876.29
157.48 24799.95 6199.99

157.48 - 157.48

118.11 28.27 13444.87


170.87 12.57 2147.84
98.43 12.57 9898.121
103.94 12.57 10452.24
59.06 3.142 13360.79
184.555 34060.55 8515.14

184.555 - 184.56

118.82 50.265 47779.898


197.68 12.57 9939.21
120.83 12.57 12150.66
109.41 12.57 11002.27
59.06 3.142 14845.322
210.799 28.699 6043.297

210.799 - 210.799

118.7795 78.54 74631.59


132.05 12.57 9959.211
120.87 12.57 9116.02
293189.568 in^3
6
𝑚

〖𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣〗 _1=200𝑚
𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝=36𝑚
ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠

CABLE TENSION

𝐴𝑡 𝐽𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑂:

〖𝜀𝐹〗 _(ℎ=) 〖𝜀𝐹〗 _(𝑉=)


0 0
𝑇_𝐴 sin⁡𝛼=𝑇_𝐵 sin⁡𝛽 𝑇_𝐴 cos⁡𝛼+𝑇_𝐵
cos⁡〖𝛽 =835𝐾𝑁 〗
𝑇_𝐵=(𝑇_𝐴
sin⁡84.857)/sin⁡79.685 𝑇_𝐴 cos⁡〖 84.857+𝑇_𝐵 cos⁡〖 79.685=835𝐾𝑁 〗〗
𝑇_𝐵=1.01234𝑇_𝐴 0.0896𝑇_𝐴+(1.01234𝑇_𝐴 cos⁡〖 79.685)=835𝐾
0.0896𝑇_𝐴+0.18127𝑇_𝐴=835𝐾𝑁
𝑻_𝑨=𝟑𝟎𝟖𝟐.𝟔𝟔𝑲𝑵
𝑻_𝑩=𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟎.𝟕𝑲𝑵 𝑚𝑎𝑥

00 mm in cross-section

d with 8-20 mm dia. Bars

=23.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚^3

3 / 208.835 = 1.93m say 2m


𝑠𝑎𝑔=9𝑚

ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒=400𝑚 𝜃=5.14°

450𝑚 〖𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣〗 _2=167𝑚

os⁡〖 79.685=835𝐾𝑁 〗〗

𝑇_𝐴 cos⁡〖 79.685)=835𝐾𝑁 〗


𝑇_𝐴=835𝐾𝑁
𝑚𝑎𝑥
12
𝑚

_2=167𝑚
Appendix E
Structural Analysis

DEAD LOAD COMPUTATION OF TRUSSES:


See: Details of trusses

PROPERTIES OF EQUAL ANGLE SECTIONS


Weight(W) Area(A) Depth(H) Width(B) Thickness(t) I(x10^3)
Designation
kg/m 〖𝑚 mm mm mm 〖𝑚𝑚〗 ^4
L75x75x12 13.08 𝑚〗1667
^ 75 75 12 825.67
2

PROPERTIES OF CHANNEL SECTIONS


Weight(W) Area(A) Depth(H) Width(B) Thickness(t) web thickness
Designation
kg/m 〖𝑚 mm mm mm mm
C3x6 8.93 1,135
𝑚〗 ^ 76.2 40.5 6.9 9
2

USING C3x6 CHANNEL SECTION TOP AND BOTTOM CHORDS, VERTICAL AND DIAGONAL MEMBERS

Length(L) Unit weight Area(A) Load


Members No. of pcs.
m 〖𝑁 /𝑚 〗^3 〖𝑚 KN
AD 2.92 76,321.80 𝑚〗1,135
^ 2 0.51
DG 2.92 76,321.80 2 1,135 2 0.51
AJ 2.5 76,321.80 1,135 4 0.87
JG 2.5 76,321.80 1,135 4 0.87
DJ 1.5 76,321.80 1,135 1 0.13
BH 0.3 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.05
CI 0.9 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.16
EK 0.9 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.16
FL 0.3 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.05
BI 1.044 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.18
CJ 1.345 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.23
EJ 1.345 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.23
FK 1.044 76,321.80 1,135 2 0.18
TOTAL 4.12 KN

USING 2-100X8 CHANNEL PURLINS SPACED @ .70m O.C

Length(L) Unit weight Area(A) Load


Designation No. of pcs.
m 〖𝑁 /𝑚 〗^3 〖𝑚 KN
C3X6 46.4 76,321.80 𝑚〗 1,135
^ 20 80.39 KN
2
12
COMPUTING DEAD LOAD PER STOREY

G.I. Pipes No. of Pieces Designation Length Area (in^2) Vol. (in^3)

Post/column Top Floor 4 6" dia. 118.11 28.27 13355.88


Horizontal Braces " 4 4" dia. 157.48 12.57 7918.09
Railings " 64 2" dia. 59.06 3.142 11876.29
Steel Plate " 1 1/4" thick 157.48 24799.95 6199.99
Angle Bar
Floor Framing " 11 2"x2"x1/4" 157.48 - 157.48

Post/Column 3rd Floor 4 6" dia. 118.11 28.27 13444.87


HorizontalBraces " 4 4" dia. 170.87 12.57 2147.84
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia. 98.43 12.57 9898.121
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia. 103.94 12.57 10452.24
Railings " 72 2" 59.06 3.142 13360.79
Steel Plate " 1 1/4" thick 184.555 34060.55 8515.14
Angle Bar
Floor Framing " 11 2"x2"x1/4" 184.555 - 184.56

Post/Column 2nd Floor 8 8" dia.. 118.82 50.265 47779.898


HorizontalBraces " 4 4" dia. 197.68 12.57 9939.21
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia. 120.83 12.57 12150.66
Diagonal Braces " 8 4" dia. 109.41 12.57 11002.27
Railings " 80 2" dia. 59.06 3.142 14845.322
Steel Plate " 1 1/4" thick 210.799 28.699 6043.297
Angle Bar
Floor Framing " 11 2"x2"x1/4" 210.799 - 210.799

Posts/Column Ground Floor 8 10" dia. 118.7795 78.54 74631.59


Diagonal Braces " 6 4" dia. 132.05 12.57 9959.211
Diagonal Braces " 6 4" dia. 120.87 12.57 9116.02
Total 293189.568

Mass density of steel = 76.975 KN/m^3


For Dead Load:
DL of Truss + DL of Tower = 84.511+369.83 = 454.371 KN

76.975 KN/m^3 * 293189.568/(39.37 in)^3 = 369.83 KN

For Live Load:


Assuming 65KG / person @ 20 = 1300 x 9.81 = 12753 N / 1000 = 12.753 KN
13
Design of square footing:
Properties of supporting columns:
2000 x 2000 mm in cross-section
Height = 3 m
reinforced with 8-20 mm dia. Bars
distance of the base footing below the natural grade= 1.5 m
allowable soil pressure= 23.5 Kpa
unit weight of soil=15.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚^3
𝑓_𝑦=276 MPa
〖𝑓𝑐〗^′= 20.7 𝛾_𝑐=23.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚^3
MPa, 20-mm main bars and 16 mm clear cover
Using
USING THE 2010 NSCP

Initial estimate of footing depth:


Area of footing = L^2 = (454.371+12.753)/235 =1.4 m
Depth
.2*1400+ 75 = 355mm

Effective soil bearing capacity:


q_e=235−23.5(0.35)−15.6(1.5-0.35) = 208.835 kpa

Dimension of footing
Area of footing = Unfactored Load/q_e = 454.371+ 12.753 / 208.835 = 1.93m say 2m
Footing Dimension = 2m x 2m

Depth of footing

q_u = factored load/q_e


q_u = 1.4(454.371) + 1.7 (12.753) / 2 *2 = 164.45 kpa

Actual Bearing Strength


Pu = 1.4(454.371) + 1.7 (12 753) = 657. 7995 kn

Permissible Bearing Stress


Ø 0.85 f'c A = 0.7 (0.85) (20.7) (350)^2 = 1,508.77 kn

But this may be multiplied by square root Area 1 / Area 2 less than equal to 2

A1 = 0.35*0.35 = 0.1225 m^2


A2 = 2x2 = 4m^2
square root of (4/0.1225) = 5.71 use 2

Permissible bearing stress


1,508.77 (2) = 3,017.54 > 657.7995

14

For Cable Wire:


DISTANCE TRAVELLED
𝐷=√( 〖 400 〗^2+ 〖 36 〗
^2 )
𝐷=401.62𝑚

APPROXIMATE ACCELERATION

𝑎=𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠/
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠

𝑎=(𝑚∗𝑔∗sin𝜃)/𝑚−loss

𝑎=𝑔∗𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠
𝑎=9.81 𝑚/𝑠^2 ∗𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−0.41 𝑚/𝑠^2

𝑎=9.81 𝑚/^2∗sin⁡〖 3.43−0.41𝑚/𝑠^2 〗


𝑎=0.1769 𝑚/𝑠^2

CALCULATE MAXIMUM VELOCITY


𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥= √(2∗𝑎∗𝐷)
𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥= √(2∗0.1769 𝑚/𝑠^2 ∗401.62𝑚)

𝑉_𝑚𝑎𝑥=11.92 𝑚/𝑠

Cable Tension

tan⁡〖𝛼 =400𝑚/
36𝑚 〗
𝛼=84.857 or 85
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽=50𝑚/9𝑚

𝛽=79.685 𝑜𝑟 80 〖𝜀𝐹〗 _(𝑉=)


0
𝑇_𝐴 cos⁡𝛼+𝑇_𝐵
𝐴𝑡 𝐽𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑂: cos⁡〖𝛽 =835𝐾𝑁 〗
𝑇_𝐴 cos⁡〖 84.857+𝑇_𝐵 cos⁡〖 79.685=835𝐾𝑁 〗〗

〖𝜀𝐹〗 _(ℎ=) 0.0896𝑇_𝐴+(1.01234𝑇_𝐴 cos⁡〖 79.685)=835𝐾𝑁 〗


0 0.0896𝑇_𝐴+0.18127𝑇_𝐴=835𝐾𝑁
𝑇_𝐴 sin⁡𝛼=𝑇_𝐵 sin⁡𝛽
𝑻_𝑨=𝟑𝟎𝟖𝟐.𝟔𝟔𝑲𝑵
𝑇_𝐵=(𝑇_𝐴
sin⁡84.857)/sin⁡79.685 𝑻_𝑩=𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟎.𝟕𝑲𝑵 𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑇_𝐵=1.01234𝑇_𝐴
𝑇_𝐵=1.01234𝑇_𝐴

15
Illustration of Cable:

6
𝑚

𝑠𝑎𝑔=9𝑚
〖𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣〗 _1=200𝑚
𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝=36𝑚 12
𝜃=5.14°
ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒=400𝑚 𝑚

450𝑚 〖𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣〗 _2=167𝑚

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