Background of Machine Learning in Automotive Industry:

Once upon a time, there was a Giant. The monster was so large and powerful that everyone knew who he
was. People worked for the Giant and made a lot of money for themselves and their families. The Giant
was then given a magical Machine Learning pill by a kindly Fairy, which promised to make him even
more strong.This illustrates Machine Learning's impact on the automotive sector. The main points, which
are: (I), opportunities (II), and challenges (III) of the automotive industry in implementing the
transcendent technology of Machine learning, are complemented by this story about the Giant and a
wondrous pill to better illustrate the complexity and challenges of using Machine Learning at established
carmanufacturers. Humans now drive cars to get from point A to point B. Machine Learning is a crucial
technology for autonomously driving people or cargo to their destination. This is referred to as
autonomous driving (AD). AD enables the building of a wide range of applications. RoboTaxis, which
transport people in urban surroundings, come to mind instantly. Waymo, a Google company, is widely
recognized as the leader in urban mobility in the future. In 2019, the business began testing its self-
driving taxi service in Phoenix, Arizona, without the presence of a safety driver.

However, AD is far larger, allowing not only individuals but also things to be moved autonomously from
point A to point B. Volkswagen, a car company, admits that the logistics business has the greatest need
for autonomous vehicles. As a result, the Volkswagen Autonomy GmbH was set out from the
Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles subsidiary. The cost of the vehicle, gas, and wage are the three key
cost components in the logistics industry. The logistics industry's profitability will be improved the
greatest by lowering salary costs.
Other applications for the AD technology include Scania's autonomous transports, mining trucks, tractors,
and any other working vehicle. For the past 20 years, John Deere, a heavy-equipment manufacturer, has
been developing a semi-autonomous tractor. Where it takes an entire day to plow a single line in some
farming fields, autonomous tractors promise significant savings.

Self-driving cars have the potential to break the vehicle's magic product triangle. According to the
product triangle, any product should be created in a short amount of time, with excellent quality, and at a
low cost. Any product can be arranged along the magic product triangle. Today's vehicle product triangle
is as follows. Cars can transport people or things from point A to point B in a short amount of time, at a
low cost, and with a decent level of quality. Each product's capabilities can be expanded to its utmost
potential with AD.
According to Uber, a ride-hailing company, self-driving vehicles can lower the cost per mile in San
Francisco from 2.86$ to only.35$. The product triangle's cost capability is improved by over 90% thanks
to this cost decrease. By allowing drivers more time to read, sleep, or work in the vehicle, AD has the
potential to improve the experience of any ride. And, as trucks become more self-driving, the necessary
infrastructure will be in place. Truck drivers' scheduled break times can be cut to a bare minimum when
trucks can move autonomously. AD enhances all moving vehicle product capabilities, providing
significant prospects for customer satisfaction and company growth. George Hotz, the well-known
Silicon Valley businessman and creator. At the end of 2016, comma ai came close to offering autopilot
features. George hacked an Acure car and installed a smartphone camera through the glass to monitor the
road ahead. To maneuver the car, he used the steering wheel, acceleration, and braking signals. Despite
the lofty declarations, numerous automakers have pushed back the deadline for bringing AD to market.
Machine Learning is a critical enabler in the Giant's quest to develop a game-changing new product. Let's
look at how the Machine Learning pill can assist the Giant in developing yet another key product.

Personal Assistance:
The automobile cockpit is currently operated manually. The number of buttons and knobs available to the
driver to modify the car's settings can be overwhelming. Do you want to raise the temperature in your
car? Move the A/C on, then increase the fan and turn two wheels to the right to raise the target
temperature. For a single goal, there are four steps. Machine Learning allows the car to anticipate user
wants and respond quickly to voice-based requests.
Machine Learning is a critical component in making the personal assistant in the car a reality. This helper
may learn the driver's favorite temperature and automatically modify the car's settings. Users interface
with the car by speaking to it, rather than using buttons and knobs. Automotive firms have a lot of new
product opportunities because to machine learning. Machine Learning has enabled a number of
customer-facing applications, including personal assistants and autonomous driving. In the fields of
smart production, RPA, and marketing, there are many more potential.

Let's get back to the story. The Giant now sees how this amazing Machine Learning pill can help it grow
even bigger and stronger. The Giant, on the other hand, still wonders if going through these growing
pains is worth it. After all, it's one of the world's most powerful Giants, and it has no fear of anyone. The
Giant then notices a small Baby Giant on the horizon. When the Giant approaches the Baby Giant, it
notices that it has been eating Machine Learning pills. The Baby Giant can't walk yet, but it's apparent
that once it's fully grown, it'll be able to easily destroy the Giant.
Automotive Industry in Bangladesh:
Machine learning is now being used to solve real-world problems in industries such as medicine, biology,
industry, manufacturing, security, education, and video games. Machine learning is gaining scholarly
interest as a result of these successful uses, and its fields of application are fast growing. The majority of
manufacturing procedures in the automotive industry still rely on human judgements based on
expertise. The advent of Big Data in conjunction with machine learning in the automobile industry has
paved the way for operational and corporate reforms, resulting in better decision-making accuracy and
improved performance. The automotive industry is nevertheless confronted with a variety of issues.
Market conditions are changing as a result of changing market conditions, greater competition,
globalization, cost pressure, and volatility. Customer expectations have been raised as a result of self-
driving cars and changing usage models. It goes without saying that the automotive sector is on the
verge of a transformation. Analytics is one area that has shown to have the potential to provide major
competitive advantage. The automobile is changing as a result of technological advancements. In this
field, AI and machine learning algorithms are becoming increasingly useful. The combination of Big Data
analytics and machine learning has increased the capacity to process massive amounts of data, allowing
AI systems to expand faster. In the automobile business, machine learning has a remarkable ability to
uncover hidden links within data sets and create predictions.

Bangladesh's economy is one of the world's fastest growing. Bangladesh is the world's sixth fastest
growing economy in the first quarter of 2020, with annual real GDP growth of 7.3 percent. The Index of
Industrial Production has climbed by more than 10%, according to World Bank calculations (World Bank
Report 2018). During the last two decades, Bangladesh's automobile industry has been considered a
potential industrial sector, with strong yearly compound growth and contributions to the national
economy. The industry is working to reach a critical mass of production, adopt and cope with cutting-
edge technology, improve human resources, and complete supply chain management and global
connectivity, Bangladesh automobile Industry has potential to become a global part of the supply chain
in future.

Rising acquiring control of people has brought about in a developing demand for cars, cruisers and
commercial vehicles. There's a ought to have an Automotive Advancement Arrangement to supply a
clear guide for specifying out the evolution of car environment counting the way of particular directions
and policies that administer plan, innovation, testing, fabricating, purport/ export, sale, utilize, repair
and reusing of car vehicles, components and administrations. Recognizing the automobile sector's
critical role in the growth of industry and contribution to the country's socio-economic development,
the Government of Bangladesh offers its full support by implementing this Policy for the following
purposes:
  Restructuring the industry on a new paradigm conforming to international standards and
practices;
 Creating an enabling and conducive environment to consolidate existing investments and to
attract new investments;
 Encouraging the industry to procure new technologies and management systems to increase
efficiency and productivity;
 Providing quality products to local and global consumers at competitive price;
 Alleviating poverty by creating new jobs across the full spectrum of the Auto Industry and allied
commercial and trading activities, Promoting pollution mitigation measures to protect public
health and property.

To address these issues, Bangladesh needs an Automotive Development Plan for the next ten years (or a
similar time period of 12-15 years) that outlines a clear vision and objective for the vehicle industry. The
following are key areas where the policy should be concentrated:

 Increase Production, exports, contribution to the economy and generate employment etc.
 Enhance FDI norms for OEMs as well as component manufacturers and Tier-I suppliers over the
period of 10 years.
 Determine industry friendly import duties to facilitate both domestic manufacturing as well as
exports.
 Introduce emission standards adoptable both domestic manufacturing as well as export
perspective.
 Road map on developing safety standards and institutional mechanisms to support the
development and implementation of standards.
 Inspection and certification regime for ensuring roadworthiness of vehicles which are in line
with the standards of testing.
 Introduce and activate End of Life (EOL) policy (a well-defined plan) to retire older vehicles.
 FTA regime to facilitate market access.
 Tax breaks and fiscal incentives to encourage local manufacturers.
 Skill Development Plan to ensure skill development in line with the requirements of the auto-
industry.
Competitors of Automative Industry :
The graphs below require your undivided attention. The firm valuations of six mobility companies are
depicted in the graph below. At 105 billion dollars, Waymo is currently the most valuable company.
Tesla's stock has been erratic, with the company's value doubling in the last two months to roughly 81
billion dollars in January 2020. Waymo, Uber, and Tesla are examples of the Baby Giant. Automotive
incumbents such as VW, BMW, and Daimler symbolize the Giant. All other companies' values pale in
comparison to Waymo's.

It is already worth more than BMW and Daimler combined before it has earned a single dollar in revenue.
To develop the world's safest driver, Waymo's technology mainly relies on Machine Learning. The
valuations of Uber and Tesla are also influenced by their efforts to make AD a reality. Self-driving
vehicles, according to Uber founder Travis Kalanick, are the most crucial technology for the company's
future. Tesla's well-known autopilot technology uses Machine Learning entirely to detect obstacles and
keep the car in its lane. Self-driving automobiles have been a figment of the imagination for the past 50
years or more, only appearing in science fiction. However, huge breakthroughs in the last decade have
paved the way for it to become a reality. The possibility of a real self-driving, fully autonomous vehicle
has shifted from "possible" to "inevitable." This inevitability can be attributed to two primary
factors/innovations that have occurred over the last decade. According to experts in the area, driverless
technology will boost the global economy by $7 trillion. According to an IHS estimate, AI-based systems
were installed in only 8% of new vehicles in 2015, but that number is predicted to rise to 109 percent by
2025. This demonstrates a strong desire to learn more about the technology's possibilities. Leaders in the
technology industry, such as Tesla, Uber have made significant investments.
Application of AI Industry:
Because AI research is growing at a rapid pace, many businesses are eager to harness its power to
improve their services. Walmart, the world's largest retailer, is working on robotic shopping trolleys, and
Amazon is creating robots for its fulfillment centers to help with distribution between stackers and
pickers. The automobile industry is spending a lot of money to integrate AI into vehicles. Tesla Motors
has already incorporated AI into their vehicles, allowing for auto-pilot mode and other lane-change
functions.

Toyota is investing billions of dollars in combining Artificial Intelligence and Big Data to provide people
who are hesitant to drive with mobility assistance. Building self-driving cars is a huge potential for
sectors that are leaders in AI. As a result, tech behemoths such as Google and Apple are pouring money
into this industry. Google just released TensorFlow, an open-source version of its artificial intelligence
engine. This engine is used by Google in a variety of products and services. Researchers outside of
Google are now utilizing this engine to test new algorithms, indicating that this technology has a lot of
commercial potential.
As a result, businesses perceive automation of their processes as having a lot of potential, but it will have
a detrimental influence on employment. The impact of technology on employment is graphically depicted
in Figure below:

Future od AI :
The next phases in AI mostly consist of generalizing intelligence and developing as many use cases as
possible, which can eventually be merged into Human-Level Machine Intelligence (HLMI). OpenAI
aspires to advance AI in a way that benefits society as a whole while removing the need for income
generation. Because OpenAI has made its reinforcement learning framework open source, other
companies will be able to design new use cases and contribute to AI research as an open source initiative.
Other businesses have begun to incorporate AI technology into a variety of fields. Turing Robot, a
Chinese company behind HTC's Hidi, a voice assistant, is one such example. Turing Robot provides
natural language processing and voice recognition for a variety of applications, including Bosch's vehicle
system and Haier's home appliances. Turing Robot is now concentrating on the development of Turing
OS for service bots.

Amazon is focusing on developing Alexa in the area of recognizing emotions, which is another use case
in development. Amazon is making great progress with Alexa, a virtual assistant that lives inside
Amazon's voice-controlled gadgets. While users become upset by voice assistants such as Google Now,
Siri, and Hidi constantly responding incorrectly, Amazon focuses on emotion identification from voice
tone and allows voice assistants to apologize for incorrect responses. Similarly, Vicarious, a Silicon
Valley-based startup, is inventing a whole new way of processing information that is similar to the
information flow in the human brain, which they hope will help machines become more smarter. Toyota
is working on a technology that can predict your destination before you tell it.
Toyota just unveiled Toyota Connect, a new subsidiary that would make it easier to collect massive
amounts of data every day, and the competition to mine the data has already begun. As a result, your AI
will eventually know more about you than you do. A company called Brain of Things is working on a
smart home they're calling the 'robot home.' These robot houses monitor their residents' every move,
whether they're watching a movie, sleeping, or doing something else. There have been numerous
developments in various sectors, all of which have used AI technology while expanding it further in
parallel to achieve their desired outcomes.