Control No: _______________

Philippine Politics and Governance Grade 11_Q4_WEEK 1

I. PRELIMINARIES
Competency Analyze the roles and powers of the executive branch of government.
Objectives At the end of this SLK, you will have been able to:
 enumerate the different roles and powers of a Philippine President;
 explain the importance of the Executive Branch of the Government;
and
 create strategic plan (platforms) as a Philippine President of the
Republic of the Philippines on how to elevate the general living of all
Filipino Citizens using a video campaign.
Topic The roles and power of a President (HUMSS PG 12 –lh 24)
Textbook None
Materials Paper, pen
Copyrights DepEd Talisay City
Total Points 100 points
Date May 17 – 21, 2021

II. CONTENT MAP

To ensure the effectivity of the Government and to secure the citizen’s right,
Government is divided into three branches in where each branch has different role and power
possesses. The three branches of Government are (1) Executive, (2) Legislative, and (3)
Judiciary.

BRANCHES OF
THE
PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT

EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE JUDICIARY

PRESIDENT

VICE-PRES

CABINET

1
 III. CONTENT NOTES

Photo Source: https://files.pia.gov.ph/source/2018/09/05/branches-of-govt.jpg

Philippines is a democratic and a republican country with a presidential form of
Government wherein power and roles are all equally divided into different branches, namely;
(1) Executive, (2) Legislative, and (3) Judiciary. Under the 1987 Philippine Constitution, the
Three Branches of Government were made to ensure that the government is effective and
citizens’ rights are protected. Further, Separation of Powers is a doctrine of constitutional
law which the different branches are kept separate. Each branch has separate powers, and
generally each branch is not allowed to exercise the powers of other branches. Each branch of
government can change acts of the other branches as follows:
 The President can veto laws passed by Congress.
 Congress confirms or rejects the President's appointments and can remove the President from office in exceptional
circumstances.
 The Justices of the Supreme Court, who can overturn unconstitutional laws, are appointed by the President and
confirmed by the Senate.
The Philippine government seeks to act in the best interests of its citizens through this system of checks and
balances.
The Constitution expressly grants the Supreme Court the power of Judicial Review as the power to declare a treaty,
international or executive agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance or
regulation unconstitutional.

Source: https://pia.gov.ph/branches-of-govt

2
 Photo Source:
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/j9vbiomSIzbA0ZAIEJRxiPTCmoo4O8l5G_PXM1wT
Sr1ZNypNI6 qGpVqgLENUHA4EdHvXsmpm7e4t1Gb4ee8Mbr1pC5N0m1xBdVoSmDm2tA

Executive Branch

Among the three branches of government, the Legislative’s main function is to craft
laws and the interpretation of these laws are in Judiciary’s functionality while the Executive
Branch with its Executive power is to execute these laws and make sure these are properly
implemented.
Executive branch is composed of the President, Vice-President, the Cabinet and,
Local Government (LGU) which is headed by the Philippine President. Article VII of 1987
Philippine Constitution articulates the roles and powers of the Executive Branch. According
to the constitution the Philippine President will serve as;
(1) the Head of State and Head of Government
(2) Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
(3) Chief Executive of all executive departments, bureaus and offices.

In Article VII Section I states that the executive power shall be vested in the President
of the Philippines Being the Head of State and the Head of Government, President of the
Philippines have the biggest responsibility in the country. It takes to be a great person to
become a President but what are the qualifications to become one? Article VII section 2 of
1987 Constitution outline the qualifications and Section 4 of the same constitution speaks the
manner of election and term of office.
Section 2: No person may be elected President unless he is a (1) natural-born citizen of the
Philippines, a (2) registered voter, able to read and write, (3) at least forty years of age on the
day of the election, and a (4) resident of the Philippines for at least ten years immediately
preceding such election.

3
 Section 3: There shall be a Vice-President who shall have the same qualifications and term
of office and be elected with and in the same manner as the President. He may be removed
from office in the same manner as the President.

The Vice-President may be appointed as a Member of the Cabinet. Such appointment

requires no confirmation.

Section4 (Paragraph 1): The President and the Vice-President shall be elected by direct vote
of the people for a term of six years which shall begin at noon on the thirtieth day of
June next following the day of the election and shall end at noon of the same date six years
thereafter. The President shall not be eligible for any reelection. No person who has
succeeded as President and has served as such for more than four years shall be qualified for
election to the same office at any time.

Powers of the President:

Besides the constitution, the powers of the President of the Philippines are specifically
outlined in Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987, otherwise known as the Administrative Code of
1987. The following powers are:

1. Power of control over the executive branch

The President of the Philippines has the mandate of control over all the executive
departments, bureaus, and offices. This includes restructuring, reconfiguring, and
appointments of their respective officials. The Administrative Code also provides for the
President to be responsible for the abovementioned offices’ strict implementation of laws.

2. Power ordinance power

The President of the Philippines has the power to give executive issuances, which are means
to streamline the policy and programs of an administration. There are six issuances that the
President may issue. They are the following as defined in the Administrative Code of 1987:

Executive orders — Acts of the President providing for rules of a general or permanent
character in implementation or execution of constitutional or statutory powers shall be
promulgated in executive orders.

Administrative orders — Acts of the President which relate to particular aspects of

governmental operations in pursuance of his duties as the administrative head shall be
promulgated in administrative orders.

Proclamations — Acts of the President fixing a date or declaring a status or condition of

public moment or interest, upon the existence of which the operation of a specific law or
regulation is made to depend, shall be promulgated in proclamations which shall have the force
of an executive order.

Memorandum orders — Acts of the President on matters of administrative detail, or of

subordinate or temporary interest which only concern a particular officer or government
office shall be embodied in memorandum orders.

4
 Memorandum circulars — Acts of the President on matters relating to internal
administration, which the President desires to bring to the attention of all or some of the
departments, agencies, bureaus, or offices of the government, for information or compliance,
shall be embodied in memorandum circulars.

General or special orders — Acts and commands of the President in his capacity as
commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines shall be issued as general or
special orders.

It is important to note that during the term of President Ferdinand E. Marcos, he used
executive issuances known as presidential decrees as a form of legislation. These decrees
have the full force and effect of laws because at the time the legislature did not exist and,
when the 1973 Constitution was put into full force and effect, it gave the power to the
President to do as such. This continued until the first year of President Corazon C. Aquino’s
term. However, President Aquino opted to used executive orders instead of presidential
decrees. President Aquino’s executive orders, however, still had the full force and effect of
laws until the ratification of the 1987 Constitution.

3. Power over aliens

The President of the Philippines has certain powers over non-Filipinos in the Philippines. The
powers he may exercise over foreigners in the country are as follows:

 The chief executive may have an alien in the Philippines deported from the country after due
process.
 The President may change the status of a foreigner, as prescribed by law, from a non-
immigrant status to a permanent resident status without necessity of visa.
 The President may choose to overrule the Board of Commissioners of the Bureau of
Immigration before their decision becomes final and executory (after 30 days of the issuance
of the decision). The Board of Commissioners of the Bureau of Immigration has jurisdiction
over all deportation cases.
 The president is also mandated by the Administrative Code of 1987 to exercise powers as
recognized by the generally accepted principles of international law.

4. Powers of eminent domain, escheat, land reservation and recovery of ill-gotten wealth

The President of the Philippines has the authority to exercise the power of eminent domain.
The power of eminent domains means the state has the power to seize or authorize the seizure
of private property for public use with just compensation. There are two constitutional
provisions, however, that limit the exercise of such power: Article III, Section 9 (1) of the
Constitution provides that no person shall be deprived of his/her life, liberty, or property
without due process of law. Furthermore, Article III, Section 9 (2), provides that private
property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

Once the aforementioned conditions are met, the President may exercise the power of
eminent domain which are as follows:

Power of eminent domain — The President shall determine when it is necessary or

advantageous to exercise the power of eminent domain in behalf of the national government,
and direct the solicitor general, whenever he deems the action advisable, to institute

5
 expropriation proceedings in the proper court.

Power to direct escheat or reversion proceedings — The President shall direct the solicitor
general to institute escheat or reversion proceedings over all lands transferred or assigned to
persons disqualified under the constitution to acquire land.

Power to reserve lands of the public and private domain of the government —

(1) The president shall have the power to reserve for settlement or public use, and for
specific public purposes, any of the lands of the public domain, the use of which is not
otherwise directed by law. The reserved land shall thereafter remain subject to the specific
public purpose indicated until otherwise provided by law or proclamation.

(2) He shall also have the power to reserve from sale or other disposition and for specific
public uses or purposes, any land belonging to the private domain of the government, or any
of the friar lands, the use of which is not otherwise directed by law, and thereafter such land
shall be used for the purposes specified by such proclamation until otherwise provided by
law.

Power over ill-gotten wealth — The President shall direct the solicitor general to institute
proceedings to recover properties unlawfully acquired by public officials or employees, from
them or from their nominees or transferees.

Within the period fixed in, or any extension thereof authorized by, the constitution, the
President shall have the authority to recover ill-gotten properties amassed by the leaders and
supporters of the previous regime, and protect the interest of the people through orders of
sequestration or freezing of assets or accounts.

5. Power of appointment

The President may appoint officials of the Philippine government as provided by the
constitution and laws of the Philippines. Some of these appointments, however, may need the
approval of the Committee on Appointments (a committee composed of members from the
House of Representatives and the Senate of the Philippines).

6. Power of general supervision over local governments

The President of the Philippines, as chief executive, has the mandate to supervise local
governments in the Philippines, despite their autonomous status as provided by Republic Act
No. 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991.

Traditionally, this is done by the Department of the Interior and Local Government, headed
by a cabinet secretary—an alter ego of the President.

7. Other powers
Aside from the aforementioned powers of the President of the Philippines, he can also
exercise powers enumerated in the constitution, and powers given to him by law.
Source: https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/about/gov/exec/

6
IV. ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Date: ______________________ HPS: 15
Title: What have you done, Mr. President?

Directions: List all the things that President Rodrigo Roa Duterte has done for our country as
a Philippine President.

Example: Mocha Uson has been appointed Deputy

Executive Director V of the Overseas Workers
Welfare Administration (OWWA).

Photo Source:

https://www.curiosauro.it/39883/
coronavirus-presidente-filippine-
sparare-quarantena

Activity 2
Date: __________________________ HPS: 15
Title: Time Travel

Directions: Going back to your answers in ACTIVITY 1, Identify each item if what role and
power of a President is being practiced or exercised.
Things that have been done Role of a President Power of a President
by the President
(based from Activity 1)
Example: Mocha Uson has Chief Executive of all Power of Appointment
been appointed Deputy executive departments,
Executive Director V of the bureaus and offices.
Overseas Workers Welfare
Administration (OWWA).

7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Process Questions:

1. How do you find the activity?

2. Based from your answers in the Activity, how does the decision of the President
affects the state of our country?
3. What are the importance of the Executive branch?

Activity 3
Date: __________________________ HPS: 70
Title: Video Campaign
(Performance Task)

Directions: Taking advantage of knowing the different roles and powers as a President (Head
of the Executive Branch), you are hereby asked to create a video campaign emphasizing your
platforms if you will be the next President of the Republic of the Philippines. Your video
Campaign should be in 3 to 5 minutes’ time frame. The criteria for grading as shown in the
table:
Criterion Description Points
Creativity Creativity includes the effects and transitions used in the video. 30 points
The total appearance of the video showcases the
attractiveness of the campaign ad.
Content The platforms mentioned are aligned with the roles and 40 points
powers under the Executive Branch of the Government.
TOTAL 70 points

V. EVALUATION:
Date: ____________________________ HPS: 15
Directions: Accomplished the evaluation test below.
1. Among the three branches of the government, its task is to carry out and enforces laws.
What branch is this?
A. Executive B. Legislative C. Judiciary
2. Which of the following is NOT part of the Executive Branch of the Government?
A. Local Government B. The Cabinet C. Senators
3. Besides the Constitution, the powers of the President of the Philippines are specifically in
what Executive Oder?
A. Executive Order No. 292, s.1987
B. Executive Order No. 156, s. 1989
C. Executive Order No. 464, s. 2005

8
4. In what Article and Section in 1987 Philippine Constitution states that the executive power
shall be vested in the President of the Philippines?
A. Article VII, Section I B. Article VIII, Section I C. Article IX, Section I
5. Which of the following is NOT a role of a President of the Republic of the Philippines?
A. Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
B. Chief Executive of all executive departments, bureaus and offices.
C. Chief Justice of the Philippine Judicial Academy
6. The following are qualifications of a Philippine President except one:
A. At least 21 years old at the time of filing of candidacy
B. Citizen of the Philippines
C. Possesses good moral character
7. What will happen if the President was impeached and is removed from his position?
A. The people of the Philippines shall have no President until the next presidential election.
B. The people of the Philippines will have to vote again for President.
C. The Vice-President will take over the position as President.
8. There are rules in the succession of the President as stated in Article VII. Which of the
following is NOT one of these rules?
A. Death B. Impeachment C. Retirement
9. Which role of the President is important during invasion, rebellion, and violence in the
Philippines?
A. Commander-in-Chief B. Head of the State C. The General
10. In the inability of the President, the Vice-President will take over but in the absence of the
President and the Vice-President who shall act as the President?
A. Chief Justice B. Senate President C. Speaker of the House
11. Pres. DEF appointed Vice-President UVW as secretary of justice. The Commission on
Appointment did not confirm such appointment of VP UVW. Is this appointment legal?
A. No, because a confirmation is needed for it to be valid and legal.
B. No, because the Vice-President does not have the blessings of both the Senate and
the House of Representatives.
C. Yes, because the constitution provides that there is no confirmation needed when
appointing the Vice-President to a cabinet position.
12. Former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo run for re-election during the 2004 election.
Why do you think she became eligible for re-election as president?
A. Her first term was just a continuation of Pres. Estrada’s term after the latter resigned
as president.
B. She succeeded Pres. Estrada for a term of office of less than 4 years.
C. She was eligible to run for president because the ComElec gave her permission.
13. Which of the following abolishes and puts into oblivion the offense which one is charged, so that
the person released by it stands before the law precisely as though he had committed no offense?
A. Amnesty B. Pardon C. Reprieve
14. Pres. Duterte placed Mindanao under martial law for a period of 60 days after a siege was
done by ISIS inspired MAUTE group in the City of Marawi. The President cited rebellion as
the requisite in declaring martial law. What power of the president did he exercise?
A. Barrowing Power B. Military Power C. Veto Power
15. Pres. ABC barred Vice-President XYZ from attending the regular Cabinet meeting at
Malacañang Palace. What power of the president did he exercise?
A. Appointing Power B. Military Power C. Veto Power
.

9
VI. ANSWER KEY
Activity 1
Answers may vary
Activity 2
Answers may vary

VII. ADDITIONAL READINGS

The Philippine Government is organized in a way that the roles and powers are
divided into three branches in order to ensure that the government is effective and citizens’
rights are protected. These branches are Executive, Legislative and Judicial. The
Legislative branch is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power
vested in the Philippine Congress. The Executive branch carries out laws. Securing and
maintaining the peace and order of the country through executing laws. And, The Judicial
branch evaluates laws. It holds the power to settle controversies involving rights that are
legally demandable and enforceable.
Under the Executive Branch, the President of the Philippines is vested as the head of
state and the head of government (1987 Phil. Constitution, Article VII Section 1). The
President will also serve as the Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
and Chief Executive of all executive departments, bureaus and offices.
In terms with powers of the President, He/she has the (1) Power of control over the
executive branch, (2) Give ordinance order, (3) Power over aliens, (4) Powers of eminent
domain, escheat, land reservation and recovery of ill-gotten wealth, (5) Power of
Appointment, and (6) other powers enumerated in the constitution, and powers given to him
by law.

VIII. REFERENCES
Lyreva. “Module 1_ Politics and Governance.docx - Grade 12 Senior High PHILIPPINE
POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE Module 1 The Concepts of Politics and Governance At
the: Course Hero.” Module 1_ Politics and Governance.docx - Grade 12 Senior High
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE Module 1 The Concepts of Politics and
Governance At the | Course Hero. Accessed August 25, 2020.
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25140478/Module-1-Politics-and-Governancedocx/.

Mirsadiq Sadiqzade Follow. “Heywood Politics ch1.” SlideShare, September 27, 2015.
https://www.slideshare.net/MirsadiqSadiqzade/heywood-politics-ch1.

Vyain, Sally, Gail Scaramuzzo, Susan Cody-Rydzewski, Heather Griffiths, Eric Strayer,
Nathan Keirns, Ron McGivern, and William Little. “Chapter 17. Government and Politics.”
Introduction to Sociology 1st Canadian Edition. BCcampus, November 6, 2014.
https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter17-government-and-politics/.
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/about/gov/exec/ Accessed: April 14, 2021
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/ Accessed: April 14, 2021
https://pia.gov.ph/branches-of-
govt#:~:text=The%20executive%20branch%20carries%20out%20and%20enforces%20l
aws.,The%20President%20leads%20the%20country.Accessed: April 14, 2021
Prepared by:
Name: Evan B. Abellanosa
School: Cansojong National High School
Contact No: 09561382289

10
VIII. FEEDBACK NOTES – Write your comments about the lesson here.
SHS 11 POLITICAL SCIENCE Q4 Week 1

LEARNER’S FEEDBACK
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
PARENTS’/GUARDIANS’ FEEDBACK
_______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

11
Control No: _______________ SHS 11 POLITICAL SCIENCE Q4 Week 1

Name: __________________________________ Grade & Sec.: _________ Contact No:

School: _________________________ Subject Teacher: ____________________

Activity 1:
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Activity 2:
Things that have been done Role of a President Power of a President
by the President
(based from Activity 1)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Evaluation:
1. 6. 11.
2. 7. 12.
3. 8. 13.
4. 9. 14.
5. 10. 15.

12