TO THE LEARNERS

Here are some reminders as you use this module:

 Use the module with care especially in turning each page.
 Be reminded to answer the Pre-Test before moving on to the
Learning Module.
 Read and comprehend the directions in every exercise.
 Observe honesty in answering the tests and exercises.
 Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of this
material.
 Try to finish a given activity before proceeding to the next.
 13
Personal
Development
Career Pathways

GEMMAR ANTHONY F. GUIMBA, MAEd

Copyright 2019

1
 WHAT IS THIS MODULE ALL ABOUT?

This module serves as a learning resource material in understanding the

target competency expected in the curriculum.

TOPIC
Career Pathways

CONTENT STANDARD
The external factors influencing career choices

LEARNING COMPETENCY
13.1 discuss the external factors influencing career
choices that may help in career decision making

EsP-PD11/12CP-llg-13.1

The presented activities or exercises and texts are developed

in order to meet the following objectives:

1. determine the external factors influencing career choices;

2. recognize the impact of the external factors and how it affects in choosing
career;

3. show understanding on the external factors influencing career choices

that may help in career decision making.

2
 PRE-TEST

Direction: Read the following items carefully.

Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which among the external factors considered the major determinant in

entering college and served as basis if the chosen course is feasible to
finish?
A. Parental preferences
B. Family considerations
C. Financial constraints
D. Language limitation

2. Which among the external factors wherein the parents have some
suggestion and make decision of what course you should take up in
college?
A. Peer pressure
B. Gender bias
C. Language limitation
D. Parental preferences

3. Which among external factors wherein the parents prefer that you
and your sibling/s should go to the same school for practical or security
reasons?
A. Family considerations
B. Financial constraints
C. Job market preference
D. Gender bias

4. Which among external factors that partners with Commission on

Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA) have a list of priority courses and
industries for each corresponding occupation?
A. School location
B. Job market preference
C. Financial constraints
D. Parental preferences

5. Which among external factors wherein a friend/peer can influence

you to enrol in the same school?
A. Academic performance
B. School location
C. Peer pressure
D. Language limitation

3
 LET’S SEE WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW

Direction: Rank the following external factors that influence

your career choice according to their strongest impact:

Family considerations, Financial constraints, Job market preference,

Parental preferences, Gender bias, Academic performance, Language
limitation, School location, Peer pressure

Write your answers on the space below:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

4
 LET’S ANALYZE AND ANSWER THESE

Direction: Explain your answer in the following question.

1. Why do you need to consult your parents on what course to take in

college?

2. How would you know that the course to be taken will still be in demand 6
years from now?

3. How does gender affects in choosing a career?

5
 LET’S LEARN

External Factors Influencing a Filipino

Adolescent’s Career Choices

1. Parental preferences
Your parents have some idea of what course you should take up in
college. If this coincides with what you really want, then there will be no
friction between you and your parents. However, if what they think does not
match with yours, then there will be conflict. You can ask your parents for
their reasons regarding their preferences for your course, then share with
them your own thoughts about your choice. There might be a meeting of the
minds after the dialog. It is good for your parents to know the reasons for
your choice.

2. Family considerations
You might have a sibling who wants to take up the same course that
you chose or a sibling who wants to go to another school when your parents
would prefer that both of you should go to the same school for practical or
security reasons.

3. Financial constraints
This is usually a major consideration among families especially when
your siblings are already in college, or are about to enter college soon like
yourself. Your parents’ financial standing is a determinant of whether you
will even go to college or if the course of your choice might be feasible for
them to support. If this is the case, try looking for some scholarships to aid
you in pursuing your dream. Financial concerns are a manageable
challenge.

4. Job market preference (Immediate Employment)

The local job market demand drives employment. The Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA) both listed down the priority courses and
industries, and the corresponding occupations. If you choose a career path
which is part of the list given by the two government agencies, then your
chances of immediate employment once you graduate from college is good.
If, on the other hand, you chose a career path that is not part of the list, it
does not necessarily mean that you will not get employed right away. The

6
competition in the job market is quite stiff, so you may want to consider
taking up a master’s degree first before proceeding to your first job. A lot of
times, those graduating from college get into their first job that is not
directly relevant to the degree they finished. This is particularly true in the
Philippines where getting a job is a priority. Often, the first job may not be
one’s first choice, but to gain experience and immediate employment.

5. School location
This is another practical problem that may arise when you choose
your college course or career choice. For example, students who live far from
UP, especially if they come from far places outside of Metro Manila, stay in
boarding houses near the campus. If your family’s financial capability is not
a problem, then there is the option to rent a room or stay in a boarding
house somewhere nearby your school of choice.

6. Peer pressure
Many adolescent are fearful of what college life will be like. What they
do is talk to their friends and classmates and find out their school choices,
hoping that they can be with someone they familiar are with, or better yet, a
close friend to be with them in their new school. Your friend may exert some
pressure on you to take up a course so that you can be together even in
college. Then there is also a scenario with your special someone, if you have
one, who might want the two of you to be together in college. Discuss and
present your choices and reasons for these. At the end of the day, you
decide what is best for you.

7. Gender bias
Certain careers are still suffering from gender bias and this might
happen to you if your career choice is associated with one particular gender.
If so, you will also be faced with peer pressure, as well as parental and
family pressure. For example, if you were a female and the profession you
would like get into is reserve purely for males, like being a sumo wrestler,
your chances of becoming one is almost nil, especially if you were living in
Japan where the role of the female is very much defined by their culture. In
the Philippines, there are few careers that are gender-specific, there was
even a time when engineering was only a male choice and nursing was a
profession for females. Today, many changes have happened in our society
and our way of thinking. There is almost equality between genders today.
Even the technology companies in the US are waking up to the reality that
majority of their employees are male and they have to open up more to
females.

7
8. Language limitation
Language can be learned, so if you have this challenge before you, do
not be the faint of heart and just go ahead and pursue you dream. For
example, you want to take up European studies to become a diplomat or an
expert in European matters someday, and you will be required to be able to
speak at least one European language, then go ahead and learn it. Or the
school you want to get in is in a country where English is spoken very little,
find ways to overcome this obstacle by learning the language before you
enroll.

9. Academic performance
Your academic performance in high school is also an important factor
in your career selection. You should obviously graduate from high school in
order to proceed with your next step, which may either be taking a college
course or a technical-vocational course.

8
 LET’S SEE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Direction: Identify what external factor affects the students’ career

decision-making in the passages below:

1. Mark is planning to discuss the course that he would like to take in

college with his parents.

2. Maria is looking for a scholarship grant so she could pursue her course in
college since her parents cannot afford the tuition fees in the school she
wants to study.

3. Paul wants to gain employment experience so he accepted a job which is

not directly relevant to the course he finished in college.

4. Dianne and her sister will be studying in the same school due to their
parents’ preference.

5. Ivan was convinced by his best friend to enrol in the same University that
he didn’t like so they would be together.

9
 POST TEST

Direction: Read the following items carefully.

Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which among the external factors wherein the parents prefer that
you and your sibling/s should go to the same school for practical or
security reasons?
A. Family considerations
B. Financial constraints
C. Job market preference
D. Gender bias

2. Which among the external factors that partners with Commission on

Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA) have a list of priority courses and
industries for each corresponding occupation?
A. School location
B. Job market preference
C. Financial constraints
D. Parental preferences

3. Which among the external factors wherein a friend can influence/peer

you to enrol in the same school?
A. Academic performance
B. School location
C. Peer pressure
D. Language limitation

4. Which external factor considered as major determinant in entering

college and served as basis if the chosen course is feasible to finish?
A. Parental preferences
B. Family considerations
C. Financial constraints
D. Language limitation

5. Which among the external factors wherein the parents have some
suggestions and make decision of what course you should take up in
college?
A. Peer pressure
B. Gender bias
C. Language limitation
D. Parental preferences

10
TOPIC
Career Pathways

CONTENT STANDARD
The external factors influencing career choices

LEARNING COMPETENCY
13.2 identify pros and cons of various career options
with
2.the guidance of parent, teacher, or counselor

3. EsEsP-PD11/12CP-llh-13.2

The presented activities or exercises and texts are developed

in order to meet the following objectives:

1. recognize the advantages of doing research on career options;

2. determine the disadvantages of not doing research on career options;

3. show appreciation in identifying pros and cons of various career options.

4.

11
 PRE-TEST

Direction: Read the following items carefully.

Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Jonathan is planning to pursue Business Management &

Administration in college. Which among the following courses he is
likely to enroll?
A. Graphic Design
B. Facility Service Technology
C. Computer Information Systems
D. Mass Communication

2. Elizabeth is interested in Architecture & Construction. Which area she

should focus on?
A. Management
B. Computer-Aided Drafting & Design
C. Graphic Design
D. Photography

3. Marco is fascinated with Arts and Audio/Visual Technology. Which

field he may study?
A. Geographic Information System
B. Administrative Office Systems
C. Graphic Design
D. Computer-Aided Drafting & Design

4. The following are career options of Mass Communication graduate,

except:
A. Camera Operator
B. Director
C. Estimator
D. Audio/Video Editor

5. Which among the career options is a construction related job?

A. Payroll Clerk
B. Site Superintendent
C. Computer Support Specialist
D. Auditor

12
 LET’S SEE WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW

Direction: Match the Fields in Column A with its Occupations in

Column B. Write the letters on the space provided.

Column A Column B
____1. Accountancy A. Medical Record Coder
____2. Health Information Technology B. Special Education
____3. Paraprofessional Education Teacher Assistant
____4. Graphic Design C. Auditor
____5. Early Childhood Education D. Desktop Publishing
____6. Human Services Specialist
____7. Computer Information Systems E. Mapmaker
____8. Industrial Technology F. Residential Counselor
____9. Criminal Justice G. Preschool Teacher
____10. Geographic Information Systems H. Network Administrator
I. Security Officer
J. Research and
Development Technician

13
 LET’S ANALYZE AND ANSWER THESE

Direction: Read the question and elaborate your answer.

1. Why do you need to determine the career options of the course you are
planning to take in college?

2. How can you identify the disadvantages of a particular course/field?

3. Why is it important to consider the external factors in choosing course to

take in college?

14
 LET’S LEARN

Choosing a major and a job path using career clusters

Careers that require similar skills and appeal to people with similar interests
have been grouped into clusters.

Interested in… then study this… to become a(an)…

Architecture & Computer-Aided Drafting Product Drafter Architectural
Construction & Design Drafter
CAD Technician
Careers in designing, Construction Management Estimator
planning, managing, Site Superintendent
building and maintaining Project Coordinator
the built environment Facility Service Maintenance Technician
Technology Building Technician
Geographic Information GIS Technician
System Mapmaker
Surveying Technician
Heating, Ventilation and HVAC Installer
Air Conditioning HVAC Mechanic
Industrial Technology Industrial Maintenance Mechanic
Renewable Energy Photovoltaic/Solar Thermal
Technologies Installer Geothermal Technician
Arts, A/V Technology Graphic Design Graphic Designer
& Communications Web Designer
Animator/Illustrator
Desktop Publishing Specialist
Designing, producing, Mass Communication Camera Operator
exhibiting, performing, Radio/TV Host
writing, and publishing Producer Director
multimedia content Audio/Video Editor
including visual and Music – Audio Production Audio Editor
performing arts and Photography Photographer
design, journalism, and Photographic La Technician
entertainment services. Studio Art Illustrator/Cartoonist
World Wide Web Web Designer/Developer
Business Management Accounting Payroll Clerk
& Administration General Accounting Clerk
Administrative Office Administrative Assistant
Careers in planning, System Legal or Medical Secretary
organizing, directing and Office Manager
evaluating business Computer Information Computer Support Specialist
functions essential to Systems
efficient and productive Entrepreneurship Small Business Manager/Owner
business operations. Management Manager/Supervisor
Human Resources Staff
Interested in… then study this… to become a(an)…

15
Education & Training
Planning, managing and
Providing education and
training services, and
related learning support
services such as
administration,
teaching/training,
administrative support
and professional support
services
Finance
Planning and related
services for financial and
investment planning,
banking, insurance and
business financial
management.
Government & Public
Administration
Planning and executing
government functions at
the local, state and federal
levels, including
governance, national
security, foreign service,
planning, revenue and
taxation, and regulations.
Health Science
Planning, managing and
providing therapeutic
services, health
informatics, support
services, and
biotechnology research
and development
Interested in…
Early Childhood Preschool or Child Care Teacher
Education Family Child Care Provider
Early Childhood Administrator
Health Care Interpreting Health Care Interpreter
Interpreter Training Sign Language Interpreter
Interpreter for the deaf
Legal Interpreting Legal Interpreter
Library Technical Library Aide
Assistant Library Clerk
Paraprofessional Educator Classroom Teacher Assistant
Special Education Teacher
Assistant
Bilingual Teacher Assistant
Accounting Bookkeeper
Payroll Associate
Loan Officer
Accounting Tax Preparer
Auditor
Real Estate Real Estate Broker
Emergency Medical EMT-Basic
Technician EMT-Paramedic
Exercise Science Physical Therapy Assistant
Health Information Medical Record Coder
Technology Medical Secretary
Health Records Professional
Medical Assistant Medical Assistant
Nurse Assistant Certified Nurse Assistant (CNA)
Registered Nursing Register Nurse (RN)
Patient Care Technician Patient Care Technician (PCT)
Phlebotomy Technician Phlebotomy Technician
Surgical Technology Certified Surgical Technologist
(CST)
then study this… to become a(an)…
16
Human Services
Preparing individuals for
careers pathways that
relate to families and
human needs such as
counseling and mental
health services, family and
community services,
personal care, and
consumer services.
Information Technology
Building linkages in IT
occupations for entry level,
technical, and
professional careers
related to the design,
development, support and
management of hardware,
software, multimedia and
systems integration
services.
Law, Public Safety,
Corrections
Planning, managing, and
providing legal, public
safety, protective services
and homeland security,
including professional
and technical support
services.
Manufacturing
Planning, managing and
performing the processing
of materials into
intermediate or final
products and related
professional and technical
support activities such as
production planning and
control, maintenance and
manufacturing/process
engineering.
Interested in…
Early Childhood Education Preschool or Child Care Teacher
Family Child Care Provider
Early Childhood Administrator
Health Care Interpreting Health Care Interpreter
Human Services Mental Health Worker
Residential Counselor
Social Service Aid
Certified Addictions Counselor
Therapeutic Massage Massage Therapist
Computer Information Network Administrator
System Computer Programmer/Analyst
Computer Game Designer
Graphic Design Desktop Publishing Specialist
Web Designer
World Wide Web Web Designer
Web Developer
Criminal Justice Police Officer, Parole Officer,
Security Officer
Emergency Medical EMT-Basic
Technician EMT-Paramedic
Fire Science Fire Fighter
Fire Inspector
Human Services Group Home Worker
Residential Counselor
Computer-Aided Design Mechanical Drafter
and Drafting Product Drafter
Model Maker
Electronics Technology Electronics Technician
Electronics Inspection
Industrial Technology Research and Development
Technician
Industrial Maintenance Mechanic
Entry-Level Manufacturing
Worker
Renewable Energy Photovoltaic/Solar Thermal
Technologies Small Wind System Estimator
Welding Technology Production Welder
then study this… to become a(an)…
17
Marketing Marketing Salesperson
Customer Service
Representative
Marketing Representative
Management Marketing Manager
Real Estate Real Estate Broker
Real Estate Managing Broker
Science, Technology, Geographic Information GIS Technician
Engineering & Systems Mapmaker
Mathematics Surveying Technician
Laboratory Technology Chemical Lab
Planning, managing, and Assistant/Technician
providing scientific Biology Lab Assistant/Technician
research and professional Quality Control Technician
and technical services Process Control Technician
(e.g., physical science,
social science, engineering)
including laboratory and
testing services, and
research and development
services.
Transportation, Accounting Tax Preparer
Distribution & Logistics Auditor
Real Estate Real Estate Broker
The planning,
management, and
movement of people,
materials, and goods by
road, pipeline, air, rail and
water and related
professional and technical
support services such as
infrastructure planning,
logistics, mobile equipment
and facilities.

18
 LET’S SEE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Direction: Identify the possible occupations of the following fields.

Write your answer on the right column.

Fields Occupations
1.
A. Graphic Design 2.
3.
B. Accounting 4.
5.
C. Early Childhood Education 6.
7.
D. Real Estate 8.
9
E. Computer Information System 10.
11.
E. Criminal Justice 12.
13.
F. Marketing 14.
15.

POST TEST

19
 Direction: Read the following items carefully.
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. The following are career options of Mass Communication graduate,

except:
A. Camera Operator
B. Director
C. Estimator
D. Audio/Video Editor

2. Which among the career options is a construction related job?

A. Payroll Clerk
B. Site Superintendent
C. Computer Support Specialist
D. Auditor

3. Jonathan is planning to pursue Business Management &

Administration in college. Which among the following courses he is
likely to enroll?
A. Graphic Design
B. Facility Service Technology
C. Computer Information Systems
D. Mass Communication

4. Elizabeth is interested in Architecture & Construction. Which area she

should focus on?
A. Management
B. Computer-Aided Drafting & Design
C. Graphic Design
D. Photography

5. Marco is fascinated with Arts and Audio/Visual Technology. Which

field he may study?
A. Geographic Information System
B. Administrative Office Systems
C. Graphic Design
D. Computer-Aided Drafting & Design

20
TOPIC
Career Pathways

CONTENT STANDARD
The external factors influencing career choices

LEARNING COMPETENCY
13.3 prepare a career plan based on his/her personal
goal and external factors influencing career choices

A. EsP-PD11/12CP-llh-i-13.3

The presented activities or exercises and texts are developed

in order to meet the following objectives:

1. determine the course to take up in college;

2. formulate a career objective that will serve as a guide in realizing one’s

goals;

3. prepare a career plan with schedule of activities that will lead to the
fulfilment of one’s goals.

B.

21
 PRE-TEST

Direction: Make a career plan with schedule of

activities that will lead to the fulfilment of your
goals.

My Career Plan
Career Objective/s:

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________.

Timetable of Activities:

ACTIVITIES TIMETABLE COMMENTS

22
 LET’S ANALYZE AND ANSWER THESE

Direction: Read the questions and explain your answer.

1. Why do you need to identify the course to take in college ahead of time?

2. How does your career objective help you in achieving your goals?

3. Why career planning is important?

23
 LET’S LEARN

My Career Plan
Career Objective:
Become a competent 21st century teacher specializing in Early
Childhood Education primarily to serve the less fortunate children in my
province.

Timetable of Activities:

ACTIVITIES TIMETABLE COMMENTS

Graduate from Senior High March 2021 I am aspiring for
School honors
Prepare for college entrance April 2021 I’ll choose a school
exams where I plan to take
up my course

I’ll visit the school

and inquire the
schedule of exams
and its fees.

Take college exams April to May

2021
Do some research on: June to July
>Early Childhood Education 2021
College Enrolment July 2021 Start of Classes-
August 2021
Finish College Course June 2025
Take the Board Exam August 2025
Apply for a job September
2025 to June
2026
Start Teaching Career August 2026

POST TEST

24
 Make a career plan with schedule of activities
that will lead to the fulfilment of your goals.

My Career Plan
Career Objective/s:

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________.

Timetable of Activities:

ACTIVITIES TIMETABLE COMMENTS

25
 REFERENCES

Fernadez et. al. 2016. Personal Development. 3F Maine City Tower, 236
Tomas Morato Avenue, Brgy. South Triangle, Quezon City,
Philippines: Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc.

Santos, Ricardo B. 2016. Personal Development. First Edition. P. Florentino

St., Sta. Mesa Heights, Quezon City, Philippines: Rex Printing
Company, Inc.

http://www.ncpn.info/2013handouts/Presentation-Career-Exploration.pdf
adapted from The Career Clusters – Pathways to College and Career
Readiness by the National Career Technical Education Foundation, as
managed by NASDCTEC.

26
 This module maybe adopted, modified and
reproduced for educational purposes with appropriate
credit to the author.
For inquiries, feedback and suggestions, please
contact the author through the Division Learning
resource Supervisor at Tel. No. _________________ and/or
email address ________________ @deped.gov.ph

27