Chemistry

Project

AZODYE PREPARATION

NAME - ABHIPSA NAYAK

ROLL NO. - 1
SECTION - A
 PREPARATION OF AZODYE AND
DYEING A CLOTH WITH IT

SUBMITTED AS A PART OF
ASSIGNMENT OF FUILFILLMENT OF
AISSCE (2016 – 2017)

ABHIPSA NAYAK

CLASS XII

ROLL NO:
 GENERAL INFORMATION

PROJECT TITLE - Preparation of azodye and dyeing a

cloth with it

PREPARED BY – Abhipsa Nayak

CLASS – XII

GUIDED BY – Mr. D. P. Pattanaik

Mr. S. B. Jena
 ACKNKOWLEDGMENT

I would like to express a deep sense of thanks

and gratitude to my chemistry teacher,
Mr.D.P.Pattanaik and
Mr.S.B.Jena for guiding me immensely through
the course of my
project Their constructive advice and constant
motivation have been responsible for the
successful completion of my project My sincere
thanks to my parents for
their motivation and support I must thank my
classmates for their timely help and support for
compilation of this project.

ABHIPSA NAYAK
CLASS XII- A
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL
NALCO NAGAR, ANGUL
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Abhipsa Nayak of class XII
has successfully completed the project on the
“preparation of azodye and dyeing a cloth with
it”
Under the guidance and supervision during
academic session 2016 – 2017.

Mr .S.B.Jena Mr.D.P.Pattanaik
(Laboratory Assistant) (Subject Teacher)
 CONTENTS

 Introduction

 Methods to apply dye

 Characteristics of dye

 Procedure

 Yield and application

 Precautions

 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

Dyeing is the process of adding color to textile

products like fibers, yarn and fabrics. The
temperature and time controlling are two key
factors in dyeing. The primary source of dye,
historically has been nature, with the dyes
being extracted from plants and animals The
dyed fabrics appear to be coloredbecause a
particular dye absorbs radiations of some
specific wavelengths from the visible region of
electromagnetic radiations which fall on the
surface. The remaining radiations
(complementary colors) of light are reflected.
The color which we observe is due to the
reflected light. For example, if a dye absorbs the
lighting the wavelength region corresponding
to red, then it would appear green, which is the
complementary color of red.
 Methods to apply dye

Dyes are applied to textile goods by dyeing from

dye solutions and by printing from dye pastes.
Methods include:

1. Direct application
2. Yarn dyeing

Characteristics of a dye

1. It must have a suitable color.

2. It must be capable of being fixed to the
material.
3. When fixed it must be fast to detergents,
soaps, water, and dry- cleaning solvents, light
and dilute acids.
 Types of dye

The dyes are classified by dye manufacturers for

marketing into the following types:

1. Acid dyes:

These are ago dyes and are characterized by

the presence of acidic groups. The presence of
soluble and serves as the reactive points for
fixing the dye to the fiber. They are chiefly used
for dyeing wool, silk and nylon. For example,
Orange I and Orange II.

2. Basic dyes:

These dyes contain NH 2 or NR 2. In acidic

solutions, these form water soluble captions
and use the anionic sites on the fabric to get
used for dyeing wool, silk and nylon. For
example, aniline yellow, butter yellow.
3. Direct dyes:

These are also abodes and are used to dye

fabrics directly by placing in aqueous solution of
the dye. These dyes attach to the fabrics by
means of hydrogen bonding.

4. Disperse dyes:

These dyes are applied in the form of dispersion

of minute particles of the dye in soap solution in
the presence of phenol or benzoic acid. These
dyes are used to dye rayon’s, Dacron, nylon,
polyesters etc. For example, celli ton fast pink B
and celli ton fast blue B.
5. Fiber reactive dyes: These dyes are linked
to the fiber by– OH or-NH Group present on the
fiber. These dyes induce fast color on fabrics
which is retained for a longer time. These dyes
are used for dyeing cotton, wool and silk.

6. Insoluble dyes:
These dyes are directly synthesized on the
fibrate fabric to be colored is soaked in an
alkaline solution of phenol and then treated
with a solution of diazotized amine to produce
abode. The color induced by such dyes is not so
fast. These dyes are used for dyeing of cotton,
silk, polyester nylon, etc. For example, nitro
aniline red.
7. Vat dyes:
These dyes are water- insoluble and before
dyeing these are reduced to colorless
compounds in wooden vats by alkaline reducing
agents. The fiber is then soaked in the solution
of the dye.Fibre is then exposed to air or an
oxidizing agent. By doing so the colorless
compound gets reoxidizedto colored dye on the
fabric. For example, indigo.

8. Mordant dyes:

These dyes are applied after treating the fabric

with precipitates of certain substances
(mordant material) which then combines with
the dye to form a colored complex called lake.
Some of the mordents are salts of aluminum,
iron and tannic acids. For example, alizarin
gives red color with aluminum and black violet
with iron mordant. Mordant dyes are used for
dyeing of wool, silk and cotton.
EXPERIMENT

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT :

To prepare an azodye and dye cotton cloth with

that dye.

APPARATUS REQUIRED :
 Beaker
 Measuring cylinder
 Ice cold water
 4Furnace
 Measuring Balance
 Cloth
 CHEMICALS REQUIRED

 5ml Aniline

 5ml conc. HCl

 2ml sodium nitrate

 2 gm. of Beta napthol

 20ml of 10% sodium hydroxide solution

 PROCEDURE

 5 ml of aniline was taken and it was

dissolved in 5ml of conc HCl. The solution
was added to a beaker containing 60 ml of
water.
 Then 2 gm. of sodium nitrate was taken and
dissolved in another beaker containing 20
ml of water. The solution was chilled by
immersing in ice bath.
 Aniline hydrochloride solution was cooled by
immersing in ice bath.
 Sodium nitrate solution was added to ice
cold aniline hydrochloride in small volume.
The diazonium salt was prepared.
 To the third beaker containing 20 ml 0f10%
sodium hydroxide solution 2gm of Beta
naphthol was added.
REACTIONS INVOLVED
 YIELD AND APPLICATION

A piece of cloth is dyed and color retained on

the cloth is reasonably fast .the color is due to
the phenomenon of surface absorption of the
dye at the surface of the cloth. Besides cotton
cloth, silk, polyester, nylon can also be dyed by
this method – Weight of phenyl azo beta
napthol
Time required for the completion of project is 2
hours.
 PRECAUTION
 The chemical required for the preparation of
the dye should be accurately weighed.
 The entire process of preparation of dye and
dying of cloth should be done with utmost
care
 The powdered dye should be dried completely
before using it for dyeing cloth.

CONCLUSION
A saffron color azo dye was prepared in the
chemistry lab with above procedure and given
precautions was taken.