PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”

ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019

ACCOUNTING 2

SECTION A ( 45 MARKS ) / SEKSYEN A ( 45 MARKAH)

Question 1 ( 15 marks ) / Soalan 1 ( 15 markah)

a. State the difference between Financial Accounting and Management Accounting with
using the table below:
Nyatakan perbezaan di antara perkaunan pengurusan dan perakaunan kewangan
dengan menggunakan jadual di bawah:

Element Management Accounting Financial Accounting

Elemen Perakaunan Pengurusan Perakaunan Kewangan
Purpose of the report
Tujuan laporan
Frequency of the report
Kekerapan laporan
Main users of the report
Pengguna utama laporan
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

b. Explain four (4) characteristic on useful information on management accounting.

(4 marks)
Terangkan empat (4) ciri maklumat perakaunan pengurusan yang berguna.(4markah)

c. Explains three (3) roles of management accountant. ( 3 marks)

Jelaskan tiga (3) peranan akauntan pengurusan (3 markah)

d. State three (3) assumption on cost volume profit analysis. ( 3 marks)

Nyatakan tiga (3) andaian yang dalam analisis kos volum untung. (3 markah)

e. Give two (2) important of cost volume profit. ( 2 marks)

Berikan dua (2) kepentingan analisis kos volum untung. ( 2 markah)

Question 2 ( 15 marks ) / Soalan 2 ( 15 markah)

a. State four (4) business example using job order costing system. (4 marks)
Nyatakan empat (4) contoh perniagaan yang menggunakan sistem pengekosan kerja.
(4 markah)

b. Compare three (3) characteristics of the differences between process costing and job
costing (3 marks)
Bandingkan tiga (3) ciri yang membezakan sistem pengekosan proses dan pengekosan kerja
( 3 markah)

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2

c. Explain the cause of differences between net income under absorption costing method
and marginal costing method. (2 marks)
Jelaskan sebab berlaku perbezaan untung di bawah kaedah pengekosan serapan dan
kaedah pengekosan marginal ( 2 markah)

d. Explain the difference between the actual costing and normal costing. (3 marks)
Terangkan perbezaan diantara pengekosan sebenar dan pengekosan normal. (3 markah)

e. State the difference between the actual overhead, estimation overhead and applied
overhead. ( 3 marks)
Nyatakan perbezaan di antara overhed sebenar, overhed anggaran dan overhed di serap.
( 3 markah)

Question 3 ( 15 marks ) / Soalan 3( 15 markah)

a. State three (3) advantages and three (3) disadvantages marginal costing. (6 marks)
Nyatakan tiga (3) kebaikan dan tiga (3) kelemahan pengekosan marginal.
(6 markah )

b. Explain the situation which absorption costing and marginal costing profits are equal.
(2 marks)
Jelaskan situasi di mana keuntungan pengekosan serapan dan pengekosan marginal
adalah sama. ( 2 markah)

c. Identify two (3) person responsible on the direct material varians . (3 marks)
Kenal pasti dua (3) pihak yang bertanggungjawab ke atas varians bahan langsung.
( 3 markah )

d. Explain two (2) qualitative factor to be consider in decision making. ( 4 marks )

Jelaskan dua (2) faktor kualitatif yang perlu dipertimbangkan untuk membuat keputusan.
( 4 markah)

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2

SECTION B ( 85 MARKS ) / SEKSYEN B ( 85 MARKAH)

Question 1 ( 20 marks ) / Soalan 1 ( 20 markah )

(a) Waja Enterprise (WE) produce and sold curtain based on the customer order. The
budgeted overhead cost for the cutting department and finishing department on month of
March 2016 :
Perniagaan Kenari (PK) membuat dan menjual langsir mengikut tempahan pelanggan. Berikut
adalah maklumat anggaran kos overhed untuk Jabatan Pemotongan dan Jabatan Penyiapan bagi
bulan Mac 2016.

Cutting Department Finishing Department

Jabatan Pemotongan Jabatan Penyiapan
Factory Overhead Cost
RM600,000 RM300,000
Kos Overhed Kilang
Machine Hour
40,000 50,000
Jam Mesin
Direct Labour Hour
30,000 15,000
Jam Buruh Langsung

Cutting department using machine hour basis and finishing department using direct labor
hour basis for cost overhad absorped.
Jabatan Pemotongan menggunakan asas jam mesin dan Jabatan Penyiapan menggunakan asas jam
buruh langsung untuk penyerapan kos overhed.

In the month of March 2016 , the actual data as below:-

Dalam bulan Mac 2016, data sebenar adalah seperti berikut:-
Cutting Department Finishing Department
Jabatan Pemotongan Jabatan Penyiapan
Factory Overhead Cost
RM550,000 RM350,000
Kos Overhed Kilang
Machine Hour
45,000 40,000
Jam Mesin
Direct Labour Hour
25,000 20,000
Jam Buruh Langsung

REQUIRED / DIKEHENDAKI :-
(i) Calculate the overhead rate for each department. ( 2 marks)
Kirakan kadar overhed untuk setiap jabatan. ( 2 markah)

(ii) Calculate total cost overhead for each department. ( 2 marks)

Kirakan jumlah kos overhed untuk setiap jabatan. ( 2 markah)

(iii) Calculate over or under applied overhead for each department. (3 marks)
Kirakan overhed terkurang atau terlebih serap untuk setiap jabatan. ( 3 markah)

(iv) Prepare adjustment journal entry for over or under applied overhead for answer (a)
(iii) for each deparment by using write off method. (3 marks )
Sediakan catatan jurnal pelarasan bagi overhed terkurang atau terlebih serap bagi
jawapan (a)(iii) untuk setiap jabatan dengan menggunakan kaedah hapur kira ( 3 markah)

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2

(b) Layangan Enterprise (LE) organised two job order by the customer for month of Mac
2016 which LB100 and LB101. In month of Mac 2016 ,LB100 completed. The information
below is a data for the month of Mac 2016:
Perniagaan Layangan (PL) mengendalikan dua kerja yang ditempah oleh pelanggannya dalam bulan
Mac 2016 iaitu LB100 dan LB101. Dalam bulan Mac 2016 , LB100 disiapkan. Berikut adalah data
untuk bulan Mac 2016:

LB100 (RM) LB101(RM)

Direct Material / Bahan langsung 18,000 12,000
Direct Labour / Buruh langsung 16,200 19,800
Work in process Mac 1 , 2016
5,400 1,200
Kerja dalam process 1 Mac 2016
Work in process Mac 31 , 2016
2,400
Kerja dalam process 31 Mac 2016

Direct labour hour 2,000 hour 1,500 hour

Jam buruh langsung 2,000 jam 1,500 jam

Overhead cost absorped to each job using the direct labour basis. Predetermine overhead rate
is RM 6.00 per direct labour hour.
Kos overhead diserap kepada setiap kerja mengikut asas buruh langsung. Kadar overhead pratentu
ialah RM6.00 sejam buruh langsung.

REQUIRED / DIKEHENDAKI :-

(i) Calculate total job cost for LB100 and LB101. ( 6 ½ mark)
Kirakan jumlah kos kerja bagi LB100 dan LB101. ( 6 ½ markah)

(ii) Calculate selling price for job LB100, if LE estimate profit is 40% of cost.
(1 ½ mark)
Kirakan harga jualan bagi kerja LB100, jika PL mengandaikan untung ialah 40% atas
kos. ( 1 ½ markah)

(iii) Prepare the journal entry for the cost of goods sold for job LB100.(2 marks)
Sediakan catatan jurnal bagi kos barang dijual kerja LB100 (2 markah)

Question 2 ( 20 marks ) / Soalan 2 ( 20 markah )

Alorgajah Sdn Bhd (ASB) produce custome made carpet for export. ASB using normal
costing system . Overhead been estimated RM50,000 for the year and 8,000 machine hour
been used. The information below regarding three (3) job costing for the month of February
2019 as stated.
Alorgajah Sdn Bhd (ASB) merupakan pengeluar permaidani yang direka khas untuk eksport. ASB
mengamalkan kaedah pengekosan normal. Overhead tahunan dianggarkan RM 50,000 dan 8,000 jam
mesin akan digunakan. Maklumat berkaitan tiga (3) kerja dalam bulan Februari 2019 adalah seperti
tertera dibawah:

Work R101 Work R102 Work R103

Kerja R101 Kerja R102 Kerja R103

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2
Machine Hour / Jam mesin 300 200 100
Cost/Kos: RM RM RM
Work in process , February 1
Kerja dalam proses , 1 Februari 6,000 2,500 1,500
Direct Material / Bahan Langsung 1,200 800 650
Direct Labour / Buruh Langsung 1,000 400 250

Actual overhead cost involved for February is RM 5,000. Sales price is 120% from total
production cost.
Kos overhed sebenar dilibatkan dalam bulan februari ialah RM 5,000. Harga Jualan ialah 120%
daripada jumlah kos pengeluaran.

REQUIRED / DIKEHENDAKI:-

i) Calculate total cost for work R101, R102 and R103. ( 7 marks)
Kirakan jumlah kos untuk kerja R101, R102 and R103. (7 markah)

ii) Calculate over or under applied overhead. Prepare journal entry for adjustment
over or under applied overhead to cost of goods sold account. (3
marks)
Kirakan overhead terlebih atau terkurang serap. Sediakan catatan jurnal bagi
melaraskan overhead terlebih atau terkurang serap ke akaun kos barang di jual. (
3 markah)

b)
Ketupat Sdn Bhd (KSB) produce mineral water through one of processing department. It
uniformly use for the conversion cost. The information related to the production operation for
the month of January 2019 as per below :-
Ketupat Sdn Bhd (KSB) mengeluarkan air mineral yang dibotolkan melalui satu jabatan
pemprosesan. Penggunaan kos penukaran adalah seragam. Maklumat berkaitan operasi pengeluaran
bagi bulan Januari 2019 adalah seperti berikut:-

Item RM
Direct Material Cost / Kos Bahan Mentah 425,500
Direct Labour Cost / Kos Buruh Langsung 165,000
Manufacturing Overhead Cost / Kos Overhed Kilang 332,500

Additional Information / Maklumat tambahan:

Work in Process Unit , 1 January/ Unit dalam proses , 1 Januari 40,000

Percentage completed / Peratusan siap
– Direct Material / Bahan Langsung 80%
Conversion Cost / Penukaran 70%
Started unit in month of January / Unit dimulakan bulan januari 210,000
Completed Unit and transfer out / Unit siap dan dipindah keluar 180,000
Work in Process Unit,31 January/ Unit dalam proses, 31Januari ?
Percentage completed / Peratusan siap
– Direct Material / Bahan Langsung 50%
Conversion Cost / Penukaran 25%

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2

Cost of Work In Process Inventory , 1 January :

Kos inventori kerja dalam process , 1 Januari:
Direct Material Cost / Kos Bahan Mentah RM 79,750

Direct Labour Cost / Kos Buruh Langsung RM 32,500

Manufacturing Overhead Cost / Kos Overhed Kilang RM 32,875

REQUIRED / DIKEHENDAKI:-
Calculate / Kirakan

i) Unit in process on January 31, 2019 ( 2 marks)

Unit dalam proses pada 31 Januari 2019 ( 2 markah)

ii) Equivalent unit for direct material and conversion cost ( 3 marks)
Unit setara bagi bahan mentah dan kos penukaran ( 3 markah)

iii) Cost of equivalent unit ( 5 marks)

Kos seunit setara ( 5 markah)

Question 3 ( 20 markah ) / Soalan 3 ( 20 markah)

Sekampadi Sdn Bhd (SSB) produce sport bag. Model BS007 been sold at the price of RM85
perunit. The information below is production data for the first month operation:-
Sekampadi Sdn Bhd (SSB) adalah pengeluar beg sukan. Model BS007 dijual dengan harga RM85
seunit. Berikut adalah data pengeluaran untuk bulan pertama operasi:

Beginning Inventory / Inventori awal 0

Unit produce / Unit dikeluarkan 55,000 unit
Unit Sold / Unit dijual 40,000 unit

Cost / Kos:
Sales and Administration / Jualan dan Pentadbiran:
Variable / Berubah RM 5 perunit / seunit
Fixed / Tetap RM 480,000

Manufacturing / Perkilangan:
Direct Material/ Bahan langsung RM18 perunit /seunit
Direct Labour / Buruh langsung RM 9 perunit /seunit
Variable Overhead / Overhed berubah RM 5 perunit /seunit
Fixed Overhead/ Overhed tetap RM 770,000

REQUIRED / DIKEHENDAKI:
Calculate / Kirakan

i) Cost per unit according to the absorption costing method and marginal costing
method. ( 4 marks)

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2
Kos seunit mengikut kaedah pengekosan serapan dan marginal ( 4 markah)

ii) Prepare the income statement using both absorption costing method and marginal
costing method. ( 12
marks)
Sediakan penyata pendapatan dengan menggunakan kedua-dua kaedah ( 12
markah)

iii) Prepare the net profit reconciliation for both method. ( 4 marks)
Sediakan pelarasan untung bersih bagi kedua-dua kaedah ( 4 markah)

Question 4 ( 25 marks) / Soalan 4 (25 markah)

Persisiranrama Sdn Bhd ( PSB) prepare standard cost data for one of the company product.
Persisiranrama Sdn Bhd (PSB) menyediakan data kos piawai bagi salah satu produknya:

Direct Material / Bahan Langsung ( 4 meter @ RM 5)

Direct Labour / Buruh langsung ( 0.5 hour @ RM 10)
Variable Overhead / Overhead berubah ( 0.5 hour @ RM 6 )
Fixed Overhead / Overhead Tetap ( 0.5 hour @ RM 2)
Budgeted Production 7,000 unit

Actual data for the year 2018:

Berikut adalah data sebenar bagi tahun 2018:

Production / Pengeluaran 6,000 unit

Cost / Kos : RM
Purchase Direct Material / Belian Bahan Mentah ( 24,000 meter ) 124,800
Direct Material Used/ Bahan Langsung digunakan ( 23,500 meter ) 122,200
Direct Labour / Buruh langsung ( 2,900 hours/jam) 29,580
Variable Overhead / Overhed Berubah 10,500
Fixed Overhead / Overhead Tetap 6,000

REQUIRED / DIKEHENDAKI:

(a) Calculate / kirakan :

i) Standard Cost Perunit ( 2 marks)
Kos piawai seunit ( 2 markah)

ii) Price and quantity direct material ( 4 marks)

Harga dan kuantiti bahan langsung. ( 4 markah)

iii) Price and quantity direct labour ( 4 mark )

Kadar dan kecekapan buruh langsung ( 4 markah)

iv) Expenditure and Efficiency variable overhead ( 4 mark )

Perbelanjaan dan kecekapan overhead berubah ( 4 markah)

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2

v) Budgeted and Volume Fixed overhead ( 4 mark )

Belanjawan dan Volum overhed tetap ( 4 markah)

b)

Duridaun Sdn Bhd (DSB) produce a children hat which have decorative button at the top of
the hat. Each unit of hat using one unit of decorative button. At the same time , DSB have
consider other alternative whether to make the decorative button or purchase from others
suppliers.
Duriandaun Sdn Bhd (DSB) mengeluarkan sejenis topi kanak-kanak yang mempunyai butang hiasan
di atasnya. Setiap unit topi. Menggunakan seunit butang hiasan. Buat masa ini , DSB sedang
menimbang alternative samada untuk membuat sendiri butang hiasan tersebut ataupun membelinya
dari pembekal luar.

If DSB make the decorative button , cost below will be involved base on normal capacity of
50,000 unit
Sekiranya DSB membuat sendiri butang hiasan tersebut, kos berikut akan dilibatkan berdasarkan
kepada kapasiti normal 50,000 unit:

Item RM
Direct Material / Bahan Langsung 3.50 perunit/seunit
Direct Labour / Buruh langsung 1.75 perunit/seunit
Factory Variable Overhead / Overhead kilang 0.95 perunit/seunit
berubah 55,000
Factory Fixed Overhead / Overhead kilang Tetap

Depreciation for the year for the machine amounted RM 12,000 with the book value of
RM24,000 included in factory fixed overhead.
Termasuk dalam overhed kilang tetap ialah susutnilai tahunan mesin sebanyak RM 12,000 yang
mempunyai nilai buku RM 24,000.

If DSB purchase decorative button from outsider , the price offer is RM 5.50 per unit. On
other hand , available facilities for produce the decorative button can be sold to third party
RM 25,000 where RM 5,000 on machine disposal.
Sekiranya DSB membeli butang hiasan tersebut dari pembekal luar , harga yang ditawarkan adalah
RM5.50 seunit. Disamping itu juga , fasiliti yang sedia ada untuk menghasilkan butang hiasan
tersebut boleh dijual kepada pihak ketiga pada harga RM25,000 yang mana RM 5,000 adalah dari
pelupusan mesin.

REQUIRED / DIKEHENDAKI

i. Prepare analysis to make decision whether DSB make or buy decorative button
from outsiders. ( 7 marks )
Sediakan analisis untuk membuat keputusan samada DSB membuat sendiri atau membeli
butang hiasan tersebut daripada pembekal luar. ( 7 markah)

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019

PROGRAM “ ACCOUNTING TOWARDS THE FINISH LINE”
ACCOUNTING UNIT – SESSION 20182019
ACCOUNTING 2

“ KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT”

KMKT/ARMA /ACCOUNTING / AFTL / AA025/20182019