Endocrine System

Objectives

• Summarize the functions of the major endocrine glands and the

hormones they secrete
• Explain the feedback mechanism of the endocrine glands
• Explain how diseases of the endocrine system are acquired,
prevented, and treated
 Unscramble the letters of the given words.

• 1.IRPOATNLC _______________________________________
• Stimulates milk production in women
• 2.NNDELAIEAR _____________________________________
• Increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar
• 3.TNOYIXCO _______________________________________
• Stimulates milk secretion and uterine contraction during childbirth
 Unscramble the letters of the given words.

• 4.NAOCNILCTI _____________________________________
• Stimulates calcium uptake
• 5.MOINSYHT ______________________________________
• Stimulates differentiation in white blood cells
• 6.NIINLSU ________________________________________
• Stimulates glucose release from cells into blood
• 7.CAGNUOLG _____________________________________
• Stimulates glucose release from cells into blood
 Endocrine System
• Endocrine System is a collection of glands that produce hormones
that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function,
sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.
• It is derived from the Greek words "endo," meaning within, and
"crinis," meaning to secrete.
• Secretes chemicals (hormones) into the bloodstream (responsible for
the distribution of hormones) to send messages to different tissues or
cells
 The Overall Role of the Endocrine System

• 1. To regulate the daily activities of the body and control its overall development. The hormones act
as chemical messengers in the body, which stimulate many organs such as the ovaries and the testes.
• 2. The endocrine system is also known as the “system of checks and balances” that works to keep the
body system healthy.
• 3. It is similar to a thermostat (temperature regulator). It may turn on when temperature is below
normal and may turn off when the temperature is above normal; thus, the endocrine system turns on
and off in response to the level of hormones in the body
• 4. When the endocrine system is not properly doing its job, the overall health of the body may be
affected, such as energy level, physical appearance, and the ability to produce offspring.
 Hormones

• Hormones are secreted by the glands of the endocrine

system, traveling through the bloodstream to various
organs and tissues in the body.
• The hormones then tell these organs and tissues what to
do or how to function.
 Hormones
• Some glands do not function until the organism reaches a certain age
• There is a difference between short-term and long-term hormones
• The production of each hormone must be the correct amount
• Hormones are destroyed in the liver after they have performed their
function
• Hormones only work on their target cells or organs
 Major Endocrine Organs and Hormones

• Table 10.2 - Textbook pages 212-213

How Hormones Work
Endocrine System in Negative Feedback
Endocrine System in Negative Feedback
Endocrine System in Positive Feedback
 Conditions that can Affect the Endocrine
System

• Sometimes, hormone levels can be too high or too low. When this
happens, it can have a number of effects on your health. The
signs and symptoms depend on the hormone that’s out of
balance. Some of these problems may be cured but others may
require lifelong treatment such as dwarfism, diabetes mellitus, and
other thyroid diseases.
Diabetes in the Philippines
Diabetes in the Philippines
 Diabetes Mellitus

• Commonly referred to as diabetes is a group of metabolic

diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a
prolonged period.
• Symptoms include frequent urination, increased thirst, and
increased hunger
• Pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body
not responding properly to the insulin produced.
 Types of Diabetes

• Type 1 DM results from the pancreas's failure to produce enough

insulin.
• Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which
cells fail to respond to insulin properly. The primary cause is
excessive body weight and not enough exercise.
• Gestational diabetes occurs when pregnant women without a
previous history of diabetes develop a high blood-sugar level.
 Performance Tasks

Symposium Evaluation
3 Pages Interview Report
 Keeping the Endocrine System Healthy

• 1. Know your family history

• 2. Eat a healthy diet
• 3. Minimize stress in your life
• 4. Stay in touch with your doctor