Department of Education

9 National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 2: Module 6
Simplifying Radical Expressions

Writer: Editha B. Cajilig

Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 What I Need to Know

Hello Grade 9 learners! In this module you will learn how to:

Simplify radical expressions using the laws of radicals. (M9AL-IIg-1)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 apply the laws of radicals in simplifying radical expressions.

What I Know
Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
4
1. What is √81 in simplified form?
A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 18
2. Between what two consecutive whole numbers does √220 lie?
A. 12 and 13 C. 14 and 15
B. 13 and 14 D. 15 and 16
4
3. What is √81𝑥 4 𝑦 5 in simplified form?
4
A. 3𝑥𝑦 4√𝑦 B. 3𝑥𝑦 √𝑥 C. 3𝑥𝑦 4√𝑥𝑦 D. 3𝑥𝑦√𝑦
20𝑎2
4. What is the simplest form of √81𝑏2 ?
4𝑎 2𝑎√5 2√5 4𝑎√5
A. B. C. D.
9𝑏 9𝑏 9𝑏 9𝑏
3 2𝑥
5. Rationalize the denominator. √9𝑦2
3 3 3
√6𝑥𝑦 √6𝑥𝑦 √2𝑥𝑦 3
A. B. C. D. √2𝑥
3 3𝑦 𝑦
6. What is the simplest form of 12𝑎√20𝑎?
A. 48𝑎√5𝑎 B. 48𝑎√2𝑎 C. 24𝑎 √4𝑎 D. 24𝑎√5𝑎

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 5
7. What is the simplest form of √−32𝑎3 𝑏6 𝑐 5 ?
5 5 5 5
A. 2𝑏𝑐 √𝑎3 𝑏 B. −2𝑏𝑐 √𝑎3 𝑏 C. −4𝑏𝑐 √𝑎3 𝑏 D. −2𝑏𝑐 √𝑎𝑏
5√6𝑥
8. Rationalize the denominator.
√50
√12𝑥 5√12𝑥 √6𝑥
A.
2
B.
10
C.
10
D. √3𝑥
9. All of these radical expressions are simplified except for_____.
3 3 3 3
A. 5 √2𝑥 B. 2√5𝑥 C. 5 √20𝑥 D. 5𝑥 √2
5𝑥 3
10. Which expression must be multiplied to simplify the radical expression √ 8𝑦 ?
1 1 2𝑦 √2𝑦
A. B. C. 2𝑦 D.
2𝑦 √2𝑦 √2𝑦

What’s In
Activity 1: “Pair by Pair”
From the box, pick up two expressions that are equivalent. Color them with
the same color. One pair is done for you.

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 What’s New

What is It

Radical expressions need to be in simplified form, just like any other algebraic
expressions. But what does it mean for a radical to be in its simplest form?

A radical expression is in its simplest form when all three

statements below are true.
NO perfect nth power factors of the radicand other than 1.
NO radicand contains a fraction.
NO denominator contains a radical sign.

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The following radical expressions are NOT in simplest forms. Why?

Examples:
1. √50 The radicand 50 contains a perfect square factor which is 25
Thus, √50 = √25.2
= 5√2 is the simplest form

2 This clearly violates statement 2 in the definition as the

2. √3 2
radicand 3 is a fraction.

10 This clearly violates statement 3 of the definition as the

3.
√5
denominator contains a radical √5

To simplify radicals that will satisfy the three statements, we will discuss the
following:

1. How to simplify radical expressions that contain perfect nth root

factors.

2. How to simplify radical expressions that do not satisfy statements 2

and 3 of the definition.

Multiplication Property of Radicals

To simplify radical expressions that satisfy statement 1, be familiar with the

Multiplication Property of Radicals.

Property 1: Multiplication Property of Radicals

a. Removing perfect nth powers

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Example1: Simplify a. √125 b. √81

Solutions:

Breakdown the radicand into perfect and non-perfect nth powers

and apply the property

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 Given Perfect factor Non-perfect Answer
factor
a) √125 √25 =5 √5 √125 = 5√5

√125 contains 25 as its perfect square factor.

Thus,
√125 = √25.5
= √25 . √5 using Multiplication Property
of Radicals
= 5√5 simplified form
3 3 3 3 3
b) √81 √27 = 3 √3 √81 = 3 √3

3
√81 contains perfect cube factor because 81=3•3•3•3
3 3
𝑇ℎ𝑢𝑠, √81 = √3 • 3 • 3 • 3
3
= √27 • 3
3
= 3 √3 simplified form

Activity 1: Simplify the following:

3
1. √200 2. 5√250 3. √𝑥 4 𝑦 7 4. 𝑥 4 3√𝑥 6 𝑦 4

b. Reducing the index to the lowest possible order

Express the radical into an expression with rational exponent then

simplify the exponent or apply the property

Property 2:

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 3 4
b. √ √ √𝑥 12
3
Example 2: Simplify a. √64𝑥 6 𝑦 5

Solutions:

64 = 2.2.2.2.2.2 3 3
a. √64𝑥 6 𝑦 5 = √26 𝑥 6 𝑦 5
Express the radical = 26 3 3 3
into an expression 6 = √26 . √𝑥 6 . √𝑦 5
3
√26 = 23 3
= 4 . 𝑥 2 . y√𝑦 2
with rational
exponent then = 22 3
= 4x2y√𝑦 2
simplify the exponent =4
6
3
or apply the property √𝑥 6 = 𝑥 3 = 𝑥 2
𝑚 𝑛 𝑚𝑛 𝑛
𝑚
√ √𝑎 = √𝑎 = √ √𝑎 3
5
√𝑦 5 = 𝑦 3
3 2
= 𝑦3 . 𝑦3
3
= y√𝑦 2

3 4
b. √ √ √𝑥 12 = √𝑥 12
24
Indices are 2,3 4.
Their product is 12
= 𝑥 24
24. 1
24
Thus, √𝑥 12 = 𝑥2
= √𝑥

Activity 2: Simplify

3. √√√𝑏
6 3
1. √27𝑥 9 2. √ √3

c. Simplifying a radical expression with a fraction under the radical sign.

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 8 2
Example 3: Write in simplest form. a. √9 b. √𝑥6

Solutions:

Statement Reason
Given
8
𝑎) √
9
=
√8 Division Property of Radicals
√9
√8 Reduce √8 and √9 to simplest form.
= 3
√4.2
= Simplify
3
2√2
=
3
2 Given
b) √𝑥6

=√𝑥6
√2 Division Property of Radicals
√2
= √𝑥2
𝑥2 𝑥2
Reduce √𝑥 6 to simplest form.
√2
= 𝑥3 Simplify

Activity 3: Write in simplest form.

12𝑥 2 5 𝑥𝑦 7
1. √ 2. √
25 32

d. Rationalizing the denominator

12 4 3 5
Example 4. Simplify the following: a) b) c. √5 d. 3
√3 √8 √𝑥

Solutions: All of example 4 contain radicals in the denominator.

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Observe how step 1 was done. Can you tell how?
_____________________________________________________________

How do we rationalize the denominator?

In rationalizing the denominator, find a radical expression as a

multiplier to both the numerator and denominator that will make the
denominator a perfect power. This will result to a simplified radical
expression.

Activity 4: Simplify the following:

8 1 11 10
1. 2. 3. √ 4. 3
√5 √12 7 √𝑥

What’s More

Answer the following:

A. Simplify the following radical expressions.
4 √200 √5𝑥 4 𝑦9 3 2
1. √162𝑥 2 2. 3 3. 4. √𝑥𝑦
√125 25√5
B. Give the expression that will rationalize the denominator.
3
1 √4 5𝑥𝑦 3𝑦
1. 3 2. 3 3. √ 4. √
√2𝑥 √36𝑥 4 16𝑧5 2𝑥
C. Simplify the expressions in B.

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 What I Have Learned
A. Tell if each expression is simplified or not. If NOT, give the reason why.
The first expression is done for you.
2𝑥𝑦
1. NOT simplified There is a radical in the
√5
denominator
2√𝑥𝑦
2. 5

3
3. √3𝑥𝑦 6

11𝑦
4. √
13𝑥

5. 6√12𝑥𝑦𝑧

B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the statement
correctly:

A radical expression is in its simplest form when all three

statements below are true.

1. NO __________ nth power factors of the radicand other than 1.

2. NO radicand contains a _________.
3. NO _________ contains a radical sign.

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 What I Can Do

The task below will serve as your performance task, to be rated using the
attached rubric. Please read carefully the instructions and do as directed.

GOAL: To produce (a) ten (10) pieces of drill/flash cards containing radical
expressions which are not simplified. (b) ten (10) pieces drill/flash cards containing
the simplified form of the first set of flash cards. (C) show the complete solution at
the back of (a).
ROLE: Consider yourself as a TEACHER, preparing for a visual aid for your class,
to enhance and enrich students’ learning about simplifying radical expressions.
Materials: Used folders (recycle)
Any available pen
AUDIENCE: Your classmates and family members will be your audience.
SITUATION: You are teaching simplifying radical expressions and you have to
master how to simplify, for you to be able to share and teach what you’ve learned.
Project Performance PURPOSE: To practice simplifying radical expressions using
the flash cards you make.
STANDARDS for SUCCESS: You will be graded with the rubric given below.

Rubric for Simplifying Radical Expressions

Criteria 5 3 2
10 pieces were 8 to 9 pieces less than 8 pieces
1. Quantity
made were made were made

with at least 4 with 2 to 3 pieces

with 0 to 1 piece
2. Complexity pieces difficult difficult
difficult expression
expressions expressions
All the 10 pieces
Almost all (5 - 9 ) Most of the
have the
3. Accuracy the answers are answers were
corresponding
correct. wrong.
correct answers.
Most of the Some of the
All the pieces were
4. Cleanliness pieces ( 5 -9) pieces were
clean
were clean. clean.

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 Assessment
Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
4
1. What is √625 is in simplified form?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 10 D. 25
2. Between what two consecutive whole numbers does √500 lie?
A. 20 and 21 C. 22 and 23
B. 21 and 22 D. 23 and 24
4
3. What is √81𝑥 5 𝑦 4 in simplified form?
4
A. 3𝑥𝑦 4√𝑦 B. 3𝑥𝑦 √𝑥 C. 3𝑥𝑦 4√𝑥𝑦 D. 3𝑥𝑦√𝑦
20𝑏2
4. What is the simplest form of √81𝑎2 ?
4𝑏 4𝑏√5 2𝑏√5 4𝑏√2
A. 9𝑎
B. 9𝑎
C. 9𝑎
D. 9𝑎
3 5𝑥
5. Rationalize the denominator. √3𝑦 .
3 3 3
√45𝑥𝑦 2 √15𝑥𝑦 √15𝑥𝑦 √45𝑥𝑦
A. B. C. D.
3𝑦 3𝑦 3𝑦 3𝑦
6. What is the simplest form of √3𝑥 . √12𝑥?
A. 3√𝑥 B. 6x C. 6√𝑥 D. 36√𝑥
3
7. What is the simplest form of √−250𝑥 3 𝑦 4 𝑧 5 .
3
A. -5xyz √2𝑦𝑧 2 C. -5xyz 3√5𝑦𝑧 2
3
B. 5xyz √2𝑦𝑧 2 D. 5xyz 3√5𝑦𝑧 2
11√6𝑥
8. Rationalize the denominator.
√75
33√2𝑥 11√2𝑥 33√2𝑥 11√18𝑥
A. B. C. D.
5 5 15 15
9. All of these radical expressions are simplified except for_____.
3
√3 √𝑥 2 5
A. B. C. D. √2
2 3 √3
12𝑥 5
10. Which expression must be the multiplier to simplify the radical expression √ 7𝑦 3
?
1 1 7𝑦 √7𝑦
A. B. C. 7𝑦 D.
7𝑦 √7𝑦 √7𝑦

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 Additional Activities

SIMPLIFY each radical expression inside the box. Then, look for the answer on the
DECODER and write the corresponding letter in the box directly above the answer to
complete the key idea.

Use a separate sheet of paper for the complete solution.

E I √8 L
√32 2√9
−2√48𝑥 3 𝑦 4 𝑧 2

Z T R
√108 20 √147𝑚3 𝑛4
√10

A A E
6√75𝑎𝑏2 𝑐 3
3
√1000𝑚4 𝑛9 2
3
√3

N I O 3
√32
√50
−6√150𝑥 7√96𝑚3

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 DECODER
If a radical expression contains a radical in the denominator, then it is not yet
simplified. To simplify this expression, you need to

CODES:

√2
2 6 9.
1. 7𝑚𝑛 √3𝑚 5.
2 √2 3
5

3
2.
2 √9 6. −30√6𝑥 10. 6√3
3

3
3. 2√10 7. 10𝑚𝑛3 √𝑚 11. 4√2

4. 224𝑚√6𝑚 8. −8𝑥𝑦 2 𝑧√3𝑥

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

3
1. What is √500 in simplified form?
3
A. 5 √4 B. 50 C. 10√5 D. 5√2
√5
2. What is the simplified form of 4 ?
√5
A. √5 C. √25
4 4
B. √5 D. √125
3. Which of the following is true?
√3 √3 4 √3 5 √3 6
A. 3 = √3 B. 3 = √3 C. 3 = √3 D. 3 = √3
√3 √3 √3 √3
2
4. What is the simplified form of √ ?
27
√2 √6 √6 √2
A. B. C. D.
3 3 9 9

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 3 𝑥
5. Rationalize the denominator. √4𝑦
3 3 3
3 √2𝑥𝑦 2 √2𝑥𝑦 √2𝑥𝑦 2
A. √𝑥 B. 2𝑦
C. 2𝑦
D. 8𝑦
√5
6. Simplify
√8
√5 √5 √10 √10
A. B. C. D.
2√2 4 2 4
7. Simplify −4√192𝑥 .
A. −32√3𝑥 B. −32𝑥 √3 C. 32√3𝑥 D. 32𝑥 √3
√3
8. Rationalize the denominator.
6√7
1 √21 √21 √21
A. B. C. D.
2 42 7 67
9. Which of the following radical expressions is simplified?
3 3 3 3
A. 5 √12𝑥 B. 2√50𝑥 C. 5 √20𝑥 D. 5𝑥 √2
7
10. Which expression is the multiplier to simplify the radical expression ?
8√7
1 1 7 √7
A. B. C. D.
7 √7 7 √7
11. √28𝑥 6 𝑦 7 in simplified form is ________.
3 3
A. 2𝑥 𝑦 √7𝑦 B. 4𝑥 3 𝑦 3 √7𝑦 C. 7𝑥 3 𝑦 3 √4𝑦 D. 7𝑥 3 𝑦 3 √2𝑦

2√5𝑥
12. Which expression rationalizes the denominator of ?
√7𝑦 2

√7 1 7𝑦
A. B. C. √7 D. √7𝑦
√7 √7 √

13. Which expression is simplified?

3 1
A. √5𝑥𝑦 4 𝑧 3 B. 15𝑥 0 𝑦√5𝑥 C. 15𝑥 3 𝑦√5𝑥 D. 15𝑥 2 𝑦√5𝑥

3
5 √128
14. What causes the expression not simplified?
2𝑥

A. 128 has a 3rd power factor. C.128 divided by 2 can be reduced

B. 128 is a perfect square. D. 128 is a perfect cube.
3
15. Which expression rationalizes the denominator of 6 ?
√2𝑥 4
6
25 𝑥 2 3 2𝑥 2 √25 𝑥 2
A. B. C. 2𝑥2 D. 6
25 𝑥 2 25 𝑥 2 √25 𝑥 2

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16. What is the simplified form of the expression given in number 15?
6 6 6
3 √16𝑥 3 √32𝑥 2 3√32𝑥 2 3 √32𝑥 2
A. B. C. D.
𝑥 2𝑥 2𝑥 √2𝑥

17. √√√5 is equal to _______.

6 8 8 3
A. √5 B. √25 C. √5 D. √125
18. The expression “negative 5th root of negative thirty-two” is equivalent to
__________.
1 1
A. - 2 B. -2 C. 2 D. 2
3 2
19. (𝑥 − 4 )3 in simplified radical form is equivalent to ___________.
√𝑥 12
A. B. √𝑥 C. √𝑥 −1 D. √𝑥
𝑥

36
20. √4 √64 when simplified is equal to _______.
18 3
A. √2 B. 1 C. 2 D. √4

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Answer Key

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Editha B. Cajilig (HT -III, MHS)

Editors: Gemo D. Parajas, Ed.D. (Principal I - BNHS)
Alden O. Madregalejo (T I – SNNHS)
Olive R. Lomibao, (HT III - SEHS)
Lilibeth C. Pulido, (T1 - MSHS)
Michelle M. Villanueva, (T1 – MSHS)
Rosalia C. Patricio, (HT1 - MHHS)
Elizalde A. Sarmiento, (TIII - SRNHS)
Internal Reviewer: Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)
External Reviewer: PNU Validators
Cover Illustrator & Layout Artist: Joel J. Estudillo (SNNHS)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE