Concept Map on Hypertension

Predisposing Factors:
Precipitating Factors:
Gender (Male)
high-fat, high-salt diet
Age (40 yrs old)
smokes 4 cigarettes a day
Single
3 cups of coffee a day
History of throbbing,
binge drinking 2x a week
suboccipital headaches
sedentary lifestyle
for 2 yrs
stress from work
Family history of IM & DM
BMI = 26.2 Overweight
History of AKI

educate on smoke
continuous
cessation and less Persistent unhealthy eating increased caloric conversion of excess
cholesterol and
alcohol consumption; psychological stress habits intake calories to fat
alcohol intake
low-fat diet.

excessive activation educate healthy coping

of the sympathetic mechanisms; encourage excess body weight
SGPT: 65 U/L (high) nervous system
Artovastatin to exercise regularly; limit
SGOT: 50 U/L (high)
cholesterol and salt
intake
increased metabolic
cholesterol and build-up triglycerides release of demand
triglycerides clog up and LDL in the LDL: 165 epinephrine into the
liver and impair bloodstream mg/dL body
functioning (high)
Total
Cholesterol:
259 mg/dL increased vital signs
(high)
Triglycerides:
241 mg/dL RR = 26 cpm
(high) activation of HR = 125 bpm
decreased HDL in the hypothalamus- SOB w/ exertion
HDL: 30 mg/dL (low)
bloodstream pituitary gland-
adrenal gland axis breathing techniques; semi-fowler's
position; relaxation techniques;
bed rest & early ambulation as
Fasting Blood Sugar : tolerated; vagal maneuvers;
increased glucose excessive release of
115 mg/dL peaceful environment
levels and proteolysis cortisol in the body
Urinalysis: Protein: 2+
 increased sodium
absorption through GI
12 Leads ECG: left
tract
ventricular
hypertrophy,
various cardiac
subsequent increase
arrhythmias
of calcium in systemic
bloodstream

increased calcium CX PAL: obstructing

increased cardiac
content of muscle calcification in valve
stimulation
cells in the heart areas; cardiomegaly

bounding jugular &

radial pulsation

administered IV fluids; monitor

renal ischemia vasoconstriction delayed capillary refill I&O; assess vital signs; assess
orientation; promote
active/passive ROM exercises;
instruct patient on limiting
caffeine intake and smoking
cessation

Telmisartan + HCTZ
compromised renal
Hypertension BP = 180/112 mmHg Metoprolol
cellular respiration
Clonidine

encouraged bed rest; assessed

Serum Sodium: 165 mEq /L (high)
Serum Potassium: 3.0 mmol/L (low)
elevate the affected area
low-salt diet
wear compression stockings
initiation of RAAS
system
release of
aldosterone and
vasopressin
triggers sodium and
water retention and
potassium excretion
Dependent edema in
extremities
blood vessels of bp; administered prescribed
blood flow to the brain retina thicken and are
is reduced antihypertensive medications;
constrict blood flow to slow deep breathing; assessed
retina and managed headache pain;
provide DASH diet
vascular bruits over
retina’s function
the carotid; N&V
becomes limited and
pressure is applied on
the optic nerve
provide emesis basin; bed
rest; eliminate strong odors
from room; sufficient
vision problems and rest in quiet dark room; cold
hydration; relaxation throbbing, sub- compress in the head; keep
techniques; occipital headaches hydrated; relaxation techniques;
 progressive
Urinalysis: Blood: 3+ renal insufficiency Serum Creatinine:
glomerular damage
2.45 mg/dL
(high)

BUN: 37 mg/dL
decrease in (high)
erythropoeitin
production BUA: 9.1 mg/dL
(high)

Hemoglobin: 11.2
g/dL
(low)

LEGEND

Predisposing Factors Signs and Symptoms Disease Condition

Predisposing Factors Lab Results Nursing Management

Disease Process Medical Management