2.5 Notes and HW Packet

Completing the Square:
When to use “completing the square”
1. when solving a quadratic equation that does not factor nicely.

2. when converting a standard form function into vertex form.
How to solve by completing the square when a = 1.
1. x 2  6 x  16 2. x 2  12 x  4
3. x 2  8 x  36  0 4. 2 x 2  8x  6  0
How to solve by completing the square when a ≠ 1.
5. 5x 2  6 x  8 6. 3x 2  12 x  7  0
7. 2 x 2  x  28  0 8. 9 x 2  12 x  5  0
Another use for Completing the Square:
Converting from Standard Form to Vertex Form of a Quadratic Equation
Example: Convert from standard form to vertex form: f ( x)  x 2  10 x  22
 b  b 
Method #1: Find the vertex using   , f     Method #2: Completing the Square
 2a  2a  
9. Write f ( x)  x 2  8 x  19 in vertex form. Then, identify the vertex.
10. Write f ( x)  2 x 2  8 x  1 in vertex form. Then, identify the vertex.
11. Write f ( x)  2 x 2  6 x  1 in vertex form. Then, identify the vertex.

Extra Practice: Solving Via Square Roots
1. 3x 2  14  61 2. 5 x 2  12  57
x2  7
3. 7 x 2  46  18 4.  20
3
5. x  62  9  72 6. 8x  9  13  187

2
 x 4
2
7.
3
3x  12  15  27 8.    6  30
4  5 
9. 9 x 2  3  4(3x 2  6) 10.
2
x  42  41  57
5
Practice: Completing the Square
1. x 2  10 x  15  0 2. x 2  24 x  25  0
3. 2 x 2  32 x  72  0 4. 5x 2  100 x  105  0
5. 3x 2  42 x  30  0 6. x 2  9x  8  0
15
7. x 2  11x   8. 2 x 2  18 x  5  3
4
Scan for Practice Tutorial
PRACTICE & PROBLEM SOLVING Multimedia
Additional Exercises Available Online
UNDERSTAND PRACTICE
11. Use Appropriate Tools How could you use a Use square roots to solve the quadratic equations.
graphing calculator to determine whether you SEE EXAMPLE 1
have correctly solved a quadratic equation 18. 9 = x  2 + 2x + 1 19. 16 = x  2 − 10x + 25
by completing the square?
20. 50 = 2x  2 + 16x + 32 21. 5 = 3x  2 − 36x + 108
12. Error Analysis Describe and correct the error a
student made in solving a quadratic equation 22. 7 = x  2 + 4x + 4 23. −4 = x  2 + 14x + 49
by completing the square.
Rewrite the equations in the form (x − p)  2 = q.
SEE EXAMPLE 2
0 = x2 + 16x – 5 24. 0 = x  2 − 18x + 64 25. x  2 + 22x + 120.5 = 0
5 = x2 + 16x + 64
5 = (x + 8)2   27   = 0
26. x  2 + 3x − ___ 27. 0 = 4x  2 + 4x − 14
x = –8 ± √—
5 ✗ 28. 0 = x  2 −  ___
2
4
3   x − ___
  70   
8
29. x  2 + 0.6x − 19.1 = 0
Solve the following quadratic equations by

13. Higher Order Thinking What number do you completing the square. SEE EXAMPLES 3 AND 4
  72  xin order to create a
need to add to x  2 + __ 30. x  2 + 8x + 60 = 0 31. x  2 + 14x = 51
perfect square trinomial? Explain.
32 4x  2 + 16x − 65 = 0 33. 7x  2 + 56x − 22 = 0
14. Reason Does the geometric model hold for
finding the number that completes the square 34. 3x  2 − 6x + 13 = 0 35. x  2 − 0.4x − 1.2 = 0
of the expression x  2 − 12x? Explain.
36. x  2 + 6x = 59 37. 8x  2 + 16x = 42
15. Error Analysis When given the equation
−23 = x  2 + 8x, a student says that you can 38. 5x  2 − 25 = 10x 39. −2x  2 − 12x + 18 = 0
add 64 to each side of the equation to 40. −3x  2 − 24x − 19 = 0 41. 17 − x  2 − 18x = 0
complete the square. Is the student correct?
If not, describe and correct the error. 42. What is the length and width of the
skate park?
16. Construct Arguments Explain why you should
not try to complete the square when solving 1,029.1 ft2 area
0 = x  2 − 4.
17. Use Structure Jacob completed the square to

rewrite the equation f(x) = −2x  2 + 12x − 13
as f(x) = −2(x − 3)  2 + 5. Which form of the
er
equation is more helpful for identifying the et
rim
pe
key features of the graph? Explain. ft
1 .4
14
Write the equation in vertex form. Identify the

maximum or minimum value of the graph of the
equation. SEE EXAMPLE 5
43. y = x  2 + 4x − 13 44. y = x  2 − 14x + 71
45. y = −2x  2 − 20x − 58 46. y = −3x  2 + 36x − 93
47. y = 6x  2 − 42x + 74.5 48. y = 0.5x  2 + 0.5x + 2.125
108 TOPIC 2 Quadratic Functions and Equations Go Online | SavvasRealize.com

Practice Tutorial
PRACTICE & PROBLEM SOLVING
Mixed Review Available Online
APPLY ASSESSMENT PRACTICE
49. Make Sense and Persevere Keenan launches 52. The roots of f(x) = −2x  2 + 8x + 13 are
a model helicopter. The height of the and . The vertex of the parabola is
helicopter, in feet, is given by the equation at .
h = −16t  2 + 64t + 190, where t is the time
in seconds. To the nearest hundredth, how 53. SAT/ACT Solve x  2 + 2x − 5 = 0.
many seconds will it take the helicopter to hit Ⓐ −5, 1
__
the ground? What is the maximum height of Ⓑ −1 ± √  5  
the helicopter? __
Ⓒ −1 ± √   6 
__
Ⓓ 1 ± √  5  
Ⓔ −3, 1
54. Performance Task Yumiko has a rectangular-
shaped patio. She wants to double the area of
the patio by increasing the length and width by
h(t) = −16t2 + 64t + 190
the same amount.
10 ft
50. Use Structure The decreasing population, p, of 14 ft

owls in a national park is being monitored by
ecologists and is modeled by the equation p = −0.4 Part A Write a function to calculate the
t 2 + 128t + 1,200, where t is the number of months number of feet Yumiko would need to add to
since the ecologists started observing the owls. the length and width. Explain your reasoning.
a. If this model is accurate, when will the Part B To the nearest hundredth, what are the
population reach its maximum? new dimensions of the patio?
b. What is the maximum population? Round to
the nearest whole number.
c. Use the equation to determine in how
many months the population of owls will
disappear.
51. Make Sense and Persevere Between 2000

and 2005, the number of skateboarders
s in the United States, in millions, can be
approximated by the equation
s = 0.33t  2 + 2.27t + 3.96, where t represents
the number of years since 2000. If this model
is accurate, in what year did 9.8 million
people skateboard?
LESSON 2-5 Completing the Square 109

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Completing the Square:

When to use “completing the square”

1. when solving a quadratic equation that does not factor nicely.

How to solve by completing the square when a = 1.

How to solve by completing the square when a ≠ 1.

Converting from Standard Form to Vertex Form of a Quadratic Equation

Example: Convert from standard form to vertex form: f ( x)  x 2  10 x  22

9. Write f ( x)  x 2  8 x  19 in vertex form. Then, identify the vertex.

10. Write f ( x)  2 x 2  8 x  1 in vertex form. Then, identify the vertex.

11. Write f ( x)  2 x 2  6 x  1 in vertex form. Then, identify the vertex.

5. x  62  9  72 6. 8x  9  13  187

Solve the following quadratic equations by

17. Use Structure Jacob completed the square to

Write the equation in vertex form. Identify the

108 TOPIC 2 Quadratic Functions and Equations Go Online | SavvasRealize.com

APPLY ASSESSMENT PRACTICE

50. Use Structure The decreasing population, p, of 14 ft

51. Make Sense and Persevere Between 2000

LESSON 2-5 Completing the Square 109

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