Task 1:

Q1:
The positive statements in this passage are:
Norman Baker suggested that petrol stations encouraged crime
by not insist on prepayment for petrol fee, and one of the fastest
growing offences is motorists driving off without paying their
petrol fee. Because it is proved by official statistics;

The normative statements in this passage are:

The margin on fuel has almost disappeared because the
supermarkets selling at or below cost, and retailers spend
millions each year fighting against shoplifting, because there are
no facts being proven.

Q2:
I think the statement of Norman Baker suggested that petrol
stations encouraged crime by not insist on prepayment for petrol
fee is a positive statement because there are official statistics
being proven here. And the statement of “the margin on fuel has
almost disappeared because the supermarkets selling at or below
cost” is normative statement because there are no facts being
proven there. It is only opinion, not fact.
Task 2:
1. She need to pay for £350’s train fare, and she might need to
get up earlier so she can’t enjoy more time in the bed.
2. He need to pay £55 for his ticket, and also £170 for losing
two hours’ salary. Total £225.
3. She lost £2000’s profit.
4. He lost £2400 as the opportunity cost.
5. The opportunity cost of investing in the shares instead of
placing the money in a savings account is £450.
6. The opportunity cost of not training her employees is £260.