English 6

Quarter 3- Module 5

Objectives

• To infer the meaning of borrowed words using context

clues
• To distinguish the types of context clues

Let’s Understand

Infer is to deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and

reasoning rather than from explicit statements.

Context Clues are words in and around a sentence

containing an unknown word. The clues help us understand
the meaning of the unfamiliar word.
Understanding these clues will help us infer the meaning of
the borrowed word.

There are four common types of context clues to

look for:
a. Synonym or Restatement Clues
Words with the same meaning which are used in the
sentence.
Example:
“Liza’s newest business idea is a fruit
coated with chocolate dessert. And I am also
convinced that it will be lucrative or
successful business.
In this sentence, lucrative and successful business are
synonymous.

b. Antonym or Contrast Clues

A word, or words that have the opposite meaning,

reveals the meaning of an unknown word.

Example:
“Eve was virtuous, unlike her evil and
conniving sister.”

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 In this sentence, the word virtuous is opposite of evil
and conniving.

c. Definition or Restatements

This is the simplest form of context clue, where the

literal meaning of the word is given to the reader but in
the form of explanation. Sometimes the author will add
very specific words to tell us an explanation is
upcoming. These can include phrases like “which
means” or “that is” or “in other words.”
Example:
“The dates are listed in chronological
order which means they start at the
beginning and end with the last event.”

In this example, the definition of the word chronological

is given.

d. Example or Explanation

This type of context clue uses examples to help the reader

infer the meaning of the vocabulary word.
It uses cue words such as: for example, for instance,
including, such as, specifically, to illustrate.

Example:
“Celestial bodies, including the sun, moon, and
stars, have fascinated man through the centuries.”

In this example, it shows that “Celestial” objects are

those in the sky or heavens.

Using these types of context clues, you will be

able to infer the meaning of unfamiliar and borrowed
words in a statement.

Let’s Apply
A. Directions: Infer the meaning of the underlined words using
context clues. Match the meaning of the underlined words as
they are used in column A with column B.

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 COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. The class decided to exhibit the
recycled materials during the Eco – a. broke
Fashion Show.
___2. The vivid colors of the rainbow lit up
the sky after the storm. b. setup
_3. An entrapment operation was
successfully done, and the prime c. bright
suspect was arrested.
4. She got a letter from an
anonymous person. She does not d. display
even know where it came from.
5. His soap factory went bankrupt,
making him broke and homeless. e. unknown

B. Directions: Infer the meaning of the underlined words. Choose

your answer inside the parenthesis.
Example:
Lucas eloquently delivered his speech. He said every
detail (relentlessly, expressively).
expressively
________________________________________________

1. Even when the police officers put the handcuffs on my

mother, she maintained her dignity, (holding her head up
high, crying out loud) as she was marched off the protest
site.
________________________________________________

2. The rays from the rising sun shined splendidly through our
window. And it shines (gloomily, brightly).

________________________________________________

3. Jerry was so famished that (he did not leave a single

particle, did not eat any bit) of the muffin on the plate.

________________________________________________

4. Cassie took her time when she wrote elegant cursive,

(doodling unstylish strokes, slowly making fine arcs and
loops). So, her teacher will like it.

________________________________________________

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 5. Everyone deserves to succeed. Just be modest at all times
by (being humble, high and mighty) to your achievements.

_______________________________________________

Let’s Analyze

A. Directions: Tell the type of context clues being shown

in each statement by inferring the meaning of each
borrowed word. Write your answer before each number.

Synonym Definition
Antonym Example

1. It was frigid December. It was very cold in Baguio.

2. No one understands Marco’s handwriting. In other
words, it is completely illegible.
3. Her picturesque appearance contrasted her rude
behavior.
4. The room is so lousy, and the smell is disgusting.
5. Anime shows are popular among all ages like Card
Captor Sakura, Naruto, One Piece and Dragon Ball Z.

B. Directions: Infer the meaning of the following borrowed

words using context clues. Choose the meaning of each
underlined word inside the box. Write the letter of your
answer before each number.

a. Extreme buyer d. drinks

b. Cross walkers e. broke
c. Like a palace f. cover

1. The movie star’s large and beautiful home was palatial.

2. At the restaurant we were offered a variety of beverages, like milk
and iced tea.
3. Pedestrians should look both ways before crossing the street.
4. When I fell off the trampoline, I fractured my arm and wore a cast.
5. Lisa is an extravagant shopper. She wants to spend so much of
her salary in the mall.

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 Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Infer the meaning of the underlined borrowed

words in each sentence using context clues. Write the
letter of your answer before each number.

1. Omar showed his prowess as he stood up in front of the crowd and

delivered his speech.
a. Hunger b. courage c. shyness d. arrogance
2. The rescued cat ate vigorously even if it is so weak and tiny.
a. little b. loudly c. happily d. aggressively
3. After 10 months of hiatus from going to the beach because of
community quarantine, there were no litter along the shoreline.
a. gap b. thunder c. selling d. happiness
4. This pandemic made chaos. It leaves suffering to the economy,
society, and family all over the world.
a. mess b. lullaby c. goodness d. orderliness
5 Lily thrives and prospers in any challenges in life that is why she is wealthy
now.
a. fail b. lost c. wait d. succeed
6 We must be frugal in this time of pandemic, so we must plan our
budget carefully and wisely.
a. old b. broke c. extra d. thrifty
7 The soldiers prepare a camouflage to cover up the area.
a. food b. goal c. party d. disguise

8 The suspect had a venal agreement with the investigators in favor of

him.
a. loud b. dirty c. clean d. joyful
9 Her dream of marrying a real prince is a delusion.
a. real b. hate c. funny d. fantasy
10. The men found a tremendous amount of golds and jewels inside
the cave that made them rich.
a. huge b. fake c. empty d. shiny

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 Let’s Create
Goal: Infer the meaning of the borrowed words using
context clues and use it in a short story.
Role: You are a writer.
Audience: Anyone older in your family who is available to read
your story.
Situation: Your teacher asked you to write a short story about
this pandemic. You will write a short story about
your “experience this pandemic” using five
unfamiliar borrowed words given below. First, you
have to infer the meaning of each borrowed word
using the context clues to be able to use it in your
short story.
Product/Performance: A short story containing the borrowed words given
below.
Infer the meaning of each borrowed word using context clues. Then use
each word in your short story.

1. Morbid – “The situation we have is morbid which makes everyone

suffer.”
2. Optimistic – “People have to be optimistic that we will have a
brighter tomorrow.
3. Ignorance – “Because of other’s ignorance in safety protocols,
covid cases increased.”
4. Union – “Everyone need’s union to help one another, not neglecting
each other.”
5. Confer – “ If you feel something wrong with your body, seek and
confer with the doctor.”