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Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 4: Operations On Rational Numbers
Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 4: Operations On Rational Numbers
Mathematics
Quarter 1 - Module 4:
Operations on Rational Numbers
AIRs - LM
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
MATHEMATICS 7
Quarter 1 - Module 4: Operations on Rational Numbers
First Edition, 2021
Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written
permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
7
MATHEMATICS
Quarter 1 - Module 4:
Operations on Rational Numbers
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you
to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
Thank you.
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Target
In the previous lesson, you learned how to perform operations on integers and
express rational numbers from fraction form to decimal form and vice-versa. Thus,
the different properties illustrated and applied will also be used into this module.
Since, the next lesson is to perform operations on rational numbers. This module
will help you to strengthen your understanding with rational numbers.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
Learning Competency:
perform operations on rational numbers. (M7NS-If-1)
Learning Objectives:
1) Define and illustrate similar and dissimilar fractions.
2) Perform operations on rational numbers in fraction and decimal form.
Before we start the lesson, find out how much you already know about
this module by answering the pre – assessment on the subsequent page.
1
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
PRE – ASSESSMENT
Directions: Read and answer each statement below carefully. Select the letter
of the correct answer and write it in a separate sheet of paper.
2 5
1. What should be the least common denominator of and to make them
9 6
similar terms?
A. 6 B. 9 C. 12 D. 18
27
2. How are you going to write in mixed number to its lowest term?
12
1 1 1 1
A. 2 B. 2 C. 2 D. 2
12 6 4 2
1 1
3. What is the simplified form of the expression + ?
3 4
2 3 7 11
A. B. C. D.
7 7 12 12
1
4. What must be added to to obtain 2?
3
2 1 2 7
A. B. 1 C. 1 D.
3 3 3 3
2 1
5. What is the difference of and ?
3 4
5 4 3 2
A. B. C. D.
12 12 12 12
4
6. What is 2 in improper fraction?
5
40 24 14 8
A. B. C. D.
5 5 5 5
6 2 6 2
7. What is the simplified form of � � �2 � 2 ?
5 3 5 3
4 8 1 1
A. 3 B. 3 C.3 D. 3
5 15 5 15
2 1
8. Which of the following is the product of and 3
5 3
1 1 1 1
A. 1 B. 1 C. 1 D. 1
5 4 3 2
4
9. How are you going to write the reciprocal of ?
5
1 1 4 5
A. B. C. D.
5 4 5 4
2
10. What is the quotient of 5 and ?
5
2 2 1
A. B. 2 C. 5 D. 12
25 5 2
4 5
11. What is the quotient of and
7 14
4 4 3
A. 8 B.4 C. 2 D. 1
5 5 5
12. What is the difference of 15.39 and 8.7?
A. 6.41 B. 6.69 C. 7.49 D. 7.61
13. What is the product of 2.67 and1.3?
A. 0.3471 B. 3.471 C. 34.71 D. 347.1
14. What is the quotient of 7.8 and 1.3?
A. 0.06 B. 0.6 C. 6 D. 60
4
15. Zsean made cookies, of the cookies was eaten by his brother Ali. Which of
5
the decimal number is equivalent to the cookies left?
A. 0.8 B. 0.6 C. 0.4 D. 0.2
2
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Jumpstart
4 6
Choose the
answer here:
7
GCF
5 8 1 9
10
LCD
LCM
3
Reciprocal
Numerator
2 Denominator
Prime (factor)
Proper (fraction)
Mixed (fractions)
Improper (fraction)
Cross
1. the greatest factor that divides two numbers
2. the number below the line in a common fraction
3. a number that has no other factors aside from itself and one
4. a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator
5. the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both numbers or more
Down
6. the inverse of a numerator and a denominator
7. the number above the line in a common fraction
8. fractions formed by combining a whole number and a fraction
9. a fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator
10. the lowest common multiple of the denominators of a set of fractions
3
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Discover
𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏
Suppose 𝑐𝑐
and 𝑐𝑐
are two fractions with the same denominator, then:
𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏
+ = ;c≠0
𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐
These fractions are also called similar fractions because of the same
denominators. Just add the numerators then copy the denominator.
3 2 3+2 5
2. + = = =1 Simplify: Find the greatest common
5 5 5 5
factor of 8 and 12, that is 4, divide the
numerator and denominator by 4:
8 2
8 ÷ 4 = 2, 12 ÷ 4 = 3. Therefore, = .
12 3
5 3 5+3 8 𝟐𝟐
3. + = = =
12 12 12 12 𝟑𝟑
11 7 18 3 𝟏𝟏
5. + = =1 = 𝟏𝟏 Simplify to its lowest term using the
15 15 15 15 𝟓𝟓 greatest common factor
3 4 3+4 𝟕𝟕
6. 2 + 5 = (2 + 5) = 𝟕𝟕
8 8 8 𝟖𝟖
7 3 7+3 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
7. 4 +2 = (4 + 2) = 𝟔𝟔 =7 Simplify:
7
=1
2
10 10 10 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 5 5
4 3 4+3 𝟕𝟕 𝟐𝟐
8. 1 + 3 = (1 + 3) = 𝟒𝟒 = 𝟓𝟓
5 5 5 𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓
Always remember to write your answer in simplified form or in its lowest term.
4
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
When the fractions have different denominators, these are called
dissimilar fractions. Then, you have to:
1. Find the Least common Denominator (LCD).
2. Change the fractions to similar fractions.
3. Add numerators and write the sum over the common denominator.
4. Simplify the result, if possible, to lowest term or mixed number.
2 1 8 5 8+5 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
1. + = + = =
5 4 20 20 20 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Since, denominators 5 and 4 have no common factors, you can just simply
multiply 5 and 4 for the LCD, 5 x 4 = 20. Next, divide 20 by 5, the answer which is 4
will be multiplied to 2, the numerator of the first fraction, the answer will be 8. Repeat
the process to the second fraction, 20 ÷ 4 = 5, 5 x 1 = 5.
4 2 12 14 12 + 14 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟓𝟓
2. + = + = = = 𝟏𝟏
7 3 21 21 21 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
LCD: 7 x 3 = 21
1st Fraction: 21 ÷ 7 = 3, 3 x 4 = 12
2nd Fraction: 21 ÷ 3 = 7, 7 x 2 = 14
5 3 5 6 5+6 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑
3. + = + = = = 𝟏𝟏
8 4 8 8 8 𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖
Since, the denominators have common factors, you have to find the LCD using
the Skip Counting Method.
Solution:
1st denominator: since it is 8, you start with 8
8, 16, 24, 32, 40, …
2nd denominator: starts with 4
4, 8, 12, 16, 20, …
In this method, you can just list down 5 numbers then check if there is
common multiple, if none yet, continue listing down until you can see the least
common multiple. Least common multiple will serve as your Least Common
Denominator (LCD). After you have found this, apply the process done in the
previous examples.
5
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
3 5 9 10 9 + 10 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
4. + = + = =
8 12 24 24 24 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Solution: Using Skip Counting Method
1st denominator: 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, …
2nd denominator: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, …
5 4 15 8 15 + 8 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟓𝟓
5. + = + = = = 𝟏𝟏
6 9 18 18 18 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
7 4 21 16 21 + 16 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟏𝟏
6. + = + = = = 𝟏𝟏
12 9 36 36 36 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
3 1 5 9 4 10 9 + 4 + 10 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
7. + + = + + = =
8 6 12 24 24 24 24 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Did you understand the process on how to add rational numbers with similar
and dissimilar fractions? What do you think will be the process on how to subtract
rational numbers? Do you think the process will be the same?
6
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Subtracting Rational Numbers in Fraction Form
If you have mastered on how to add rational numbers, then it will be easier
for you to subtract rational numbers. Try to observe the similarities of the process in
adding and subtracting rational numbers.
7 5 7− 5 𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏
4. 5 - 3 = (5 - 3) = 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐
8 8 8 𝟖𝟖 𝟒𝟒
17 7 17− 7 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
5. - = = = 𝟏𝟏 1 is a whole number that could be written
10 10 10 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
in fraction form with a denominator of 10,
10
that is . The denominator depends on the
10
other fraction.
3 10 3 𝟕𝟕
6. 1− = − =
10 10 10 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Whole number 4 could be written in
fraction form where 8 is the denominator,
8
5 8 5 𝟑𝟑 that is 3 .
7. 4− = 3 − =3 8
8 8 8 𝟖𝟖
7
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Multiplying Rational Numbers in Fraction Form
To multiply fractions, multiply the numerators and the denominators. Then
reduce the product to lowest term if necessary. Cancellation is a process that
facilitates multiplication. To cancel means to divide a numerator and denominator
by their greatest common factor.
Examples in multiplying rational numbers
5 3 5×3 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
1. × = =
7 4 7×4 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
6 3 6×3 18 𝟗𝟗
2. × = = =
11 8 11 × 8 88 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
In example number 2, you can also use the cancellation method. When do you
know that cancellation can be applied? Just check a pair from a numerator and a
denominator if they have common factor. In the given example there are 4 ways to
find a pair, first pair: 6 and 11, second pair: 3 and 8, third pair: 6 and 8, fourth pair:
3 and 11. Among the pairs given, which has common factor?
3
6 3 6×3 𝟗𝟗 6 and 8 have greatest common factor 2, therefore,
× = =
11 8 11 × 8 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 divide numerator and denominator by 2.
4
1
5 6 5×6 𝟓𝟓 6 and 12 have greatest common factor 6, therefore,
3. × = =
12 11 12 × 11 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 divide numerator and denominator by 6.
2
2
4.
10
×
7
=
10 × 7
=
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 10 and 15 have greatest common factor 5, therefore,
15 9 15 × 9 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 divide numerator and denominator by 5.
3
3
5 9 5×9 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 9 and 12 have greatest common factor 3, therefore,
5. × = = divide numerator and denominator by 3.
13 12 13 × 12 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
4
3 5×3 15 𝟕𝟕
6. 5 × = = = 𝟏𝟏 For every whole number, the denominator is always
8 1×8 8 𝟖𝟖
1.
1
3 4 11 4 11 × 4 11 𝟏𝟏 Mixed form should be written in improper
7. 2 × = × = = = 𝟐𝟐 3 11
4 5 4 5 4×5 5 𝟓𝟓 fraction, 2 = . How?
4 4
1 2 x 4 + 3 =11, then copy the denominator.
Was it easy to multiply rational numbers? What do you think was the purpose
of cancellation method? Was it useful?
8
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Dividing Rational Numbers in Fraction Form
To divide a fraction by another fraction, multiply the dividend by the reciprocal
of the divisor. In symbols, if:
𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎 𝑑𝑑
÷ = K, 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 K = × where 𝑏𝑏, 𝑐𝑐 and 𝑑𝑑 are not equal to zero.
𝑏𝑏 𝑑𝑑 𝑏𝑏 𝑐𝑐
5 2 5 3 5×3 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
1. ÷ = × = =
8 3 8 2 8×2 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
reciprocal
1
1 3 13 11 13 4 13 × 4 13 𝟐𝟐
2. 3 ÷ 1 = ÷ = × = = = 𝟏𝟏
4 8 4 4 4 11 4 × 11 11 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
1
Change first the mixed form into improper fraction, then the operation to
multiplication and the divisor to its reciprocal. Next, proceed to the process on how
to multiply fractions. You may also apply cancellation method if needed. Finally,
simplify your answer to the lowest term or mixed number.
5 4 6 4×6 24 𝟒𝟒
3. 4 ÷ = × = = = 𝟒𝟒
6 1 5 1×5 5 𝟓𝟓
2
4 4 1 4×1 𝟐𝟐
4. ÷6= × = =
9 9 6 9×6 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
3
1 1
7 7 7 11
5. ÷ = × = 𝟏𝟏
11 11 11 7
1 1
5 9 5 5 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
6. ÷ = × =
9 5 9 9 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖
What was the key word that you should remember in dividing rational
numbers? Were there similarities on multiplying and dividing rational numbers?
9
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Jumpstart
2
1) What is the reciprocal of the fraction − ?
3
12
2) What is the greatest common factor of the fraction ?
18
3 1
3) What is the least common denominator of the fractions 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ?
8 6
4) How are you going to write the fraction form of a whole number 1 if the
denominator is 5?
3
5) How are you going to write the decimal form of the fraction ?
4
6) How are you going to write the fraction form of the decimal number 0.25?
Did you answer the activity correctly? If you have answered it perfectly correct,
then it is time for you to understand the concepts on how to perform operations with
rational numbers in decimal form.
10
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Discover
11
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Multiplying Rational Numbers in Decimal Form
To multiply rational numbers in decimal form, multiply it same as with
whole numbers. Then, count the number of decimal places in the factors where it
should be the same as the number of decimal places in the product starting from
right to left.
Examples:
1. Multiply 0.52 and 0.6
0.52 two decimal places
× 0.6 one decimal place
0.312 three decimal places
12
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
3. Divide 24 by 0.05
480
0.05 24.0 0 5 2400.
− 20 f
40
− 40 f
0
0
0
13
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Explore
Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and
strengthen the basic concepts you have learned from this lesson.
13 7 1 2
3. 20
− 20 = 4. 5 6 − 3 3 =
6 13 2 3
5. × = 6. 2 ×2 =
13 24 3 4
8 4 1 2
7. ÷ = 8. 5 ÷2 =
15 9 4 5
14
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Deepen
Activity 5: Riddle.
Divide 20 by half and add 7, what do you get?
Column A Column B
3 4 9
1. 5 + 3 E.
7 7 49
5 2
2. 2 + 1 F. 1
6 9
3 4 2
3. 5 − 3 N. 1
7 7 3
3 6
4. 5 − 1 O. 1
4 7
5 4 1
5. 5 − 1 P. 2
6 9 7
3 3 1
6. × R. 3
7 7 4
3 3 1
7. ÷ S. 4
7 7 18
1 1 7
8. 3 × 5 T. 4
7 4 18
1
9. 3 ÷ 2 V. 9
3
4 8 1 1
10. �1 − � ÷ 2 Y. 16
7 7 3 2
7 3 4 5 8 2 10 1 6 9
15
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Activity 6: Riddle.
What can you put between a 6 and a 7 so that the result is greater than a
six, but less than a seven?
Column A Column B
1. 24.6 + 17.48 A. 3
2. 32.7 – 9.83 C. 7.12
3. 17.24 + 29.6 – 39.72 D. 7.2
4. 0.9 𝑥𝑥 8 E. 7.8
5. 5.76 ÷ 0.08 I. 22.87
6. 3.12 𝑥𝑥 0.3 ÷ 0.12 L. 42.08
7. ( 12.3 𝑥𝑥 3 ) ÷ ( 9.02 + 3.28 ) M. 72
4 6 3 2 5 7 1
16
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
Gauge
Directions: Read and answer each statement below carefully. Select the letter
of the correct answer and write it in a separate sheet of paper.
1 5
1. What should be the least common denominator of and to make them
12 8
similar terms?
A. 8 B. 12 C. 24 D. 32
50
2. How are you going to write in mixed number to its lowest term?
9
7 2 5 4
A. 5 B. 5 C. 5 D. 5
9 3 9 9
2 1
3. What is the simplified form of the expression + ?
9 12
1 11 3 3
A. B. C. D.
3 36 12 21
2
4. What must be added to 2 to obtain 5?
5
2 3 2 3
A. 2 B. 2 C. 3 D. 3
5 5 5 5
5 3
5. What is the difference of and ?
7 14
2 5 1 4
A. B. C. D.
7 14 2 7
2
6. What is 6 in improper fraction?
7
88 44 40 15
A. B. C. D.
7 7 7 7
8 1
7. What is the simplified form of x1 ?
9 6
1 2 1 2
A. 1 B. 1 C.2 D. 2
27 27 27 27
3 1
8. Which of the following is the product of and 3
10 5
9 4 2 24
A. B. C. D.
50 15 5 25
7
9. How are you going to write the reciprocal of − ?
10
10 7 7 10
A. − B. − C. D.
7 10 10 7
4
10. What is the quotient of and 6 ?
9
4 2 2
A. B. C. 2 D. 3
27 27 3
7 3
11. What is the quotient of 2 and 3
10 8
4 4 4 4
A. 3 B.2 C. 1 D.
5 5 5 5
12. What is the difference of 15.7 and 8.39?
A. 6.31 B. 6.49 C. 7.31 D. 7.49
13. What is the product of 2.6 and1.37?
A. 0.3462 B. 3.462 C. 34.62 D. 346.2
14. What is the quotient of 1.68 and 0.08?
A. 0.021 B. 0.21 C. 2.1 D. 21
3
15. Zsean made pizza, of the pizza was eaten by his brother Ali. Which of the
4
decimal number is equivalent to the pizza left?
A. 0.75 B. 0.5 C. 0.25 D. 0.1
17
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
18
LESSON 1
EXPLORE: ACTIVITY3
1) 1
23
3)
24
2) 1
3
10
1
5)
2
4) 1
1
4
1
7)
3
6) 7
5
7
3
GAUGE
EXPLORE:
16
8) 2
1) C 6) B 11) D
ACTIVITY 4
2) C 7) A 12) A
1) 1.8
3) B 8) D 13) B
2) 11.65
4) B 9) A 14) D
3) 0.18
5) C 10) B15) C
4) 2.76
5) 0.208
6) 0.0864
7) 17
8) 5.1
LESSON 1
DEEPEN: ACTIVITY 5
F O R T Y S E V E N
LESSON 2
LESSON 2: DEEPEN ACTIVITY 6 JUMPSTART: ACTIVITY2
1)-
3
D E C I M A L
2) 6
2
3)24
4)
5
5)0.75
5
LESSON 1: JUMPSTART 6)
1
P R O P E R 4
E N
L C M G C F U I
Pre-assessment
C I I M M 1D
D X P R I M E P 2C
E R R R 3C
4C
D E N O M I N A T O R
5A
C T P 6C
A O E 7C
L R R 8C
9D
10 D
11 D
12 B
13 B
14 C
15 D
Answer Key
References
A. Books
B. Online Resources
• https://icebreakerideas.com>mathriddles<forkids&adults
• Google dictionary: definition from Oxford Languages
• https://www.mathisfun.com
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LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
20
LU_Q1_Mathematics7_Module4