Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

01
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

Force equilibrium
n, iu;,
= ;
s ;dj'

CONTENTS

n, h.
q ,l iu;,
= ;
s ;djh'

n, ;k
= l iu;,
= ;
s ;djh'

n, ;k
= lg jvd jeä úgl§ iu;,
= ;
s ;dj'
n, >¾
Q Kh'

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

02
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

n, iu;=,s;;djh WodyrKh ( 02

n, moaO;shlg iïm%hqla; n,hla fkdmj;sk úg tu n, ¨ ;rdÈh u; l%shd lrKq ,nk tlu

moaO;sh iu;=,s;;djfha we;s njg i,lkq ,efí' iu;=,s; n,h F fõ' ñksid ksi, úg F = mg
jia;=jl ,CIKh jkafka ir< f¾Çh p,s;hl fyda N%uK fõ'
p,s;hl fyda fkdfhoS ksi,j mej;Suh' R

F
8N 10N 8N 8N

F = 2N F = 0
jia;=j iu;=,s; fkdfõ jia;=j iu;=,s; fõ ¨ igyk
fï wkqj ndysr n,hka hgf;a iu;=,s;j mj;sk jia;=jl oDv jia;=jl iu;=,s;h yd wod, .eg¿ úioSfïoS my;
n, moaO;sfha iïm%hqla; n,fha úYd,;ajh Y+kH úh hq;= lreKq iels,a,g .kak'
w;r iu;=,s; n, moaO;sfha ´kEu tlsfklg ,ïNl ÈYd
folla Tiafia tla tla n,fha ixrplhkaf.a ùcSh tl;=j ^i& jia;=jl nr .=re;ajflakaøfhka my,g l%shd lrKq
Y+kHh úh hq;=h' ,efí'

hï ,CIhl l%shd lrk n, hq.,hl iu;=,s;;djh

G
jia;=jla u; my; mßÈ P1 yd P2 keu;s n, hq.,h l%shd lrkq
,nk wjia:dj i,lkak'
O
Mg
P1 P2
^ii& iqug odrhla u; ;nk ,o jia;=jla u; m%;sl%shdj tu
jia;=jg ,ïNlj l%shd lrKq ,efí'
R R
m%;sl%shd n,hka
fuu n, hq.,h hgf;a jia;=j iu;=,s;j mej;Su i|yd R
my; wjYH;d imqrd,Su wjYH fõ'
jia;=j
¨ ^I& n, hq.,fha úYd,;aj iudk úh hq;=h ^P1 = P2&
Mg
¨ ^II& n, hq.,fha ÈYd tlsfklg m%;súreoaO úh hq;=h
iqug odrh
¨ ^III& n, hq.,fha l%shd f¾Ld tlu úh hq;=h

w ^iii& iqug ;,hl ;nk ,o jia;=jla u; m%;sl%shdj tu

WodyrKh ( 01
;,hg ,ïNlj l%shd lrKq ,efí'

R R

mg R1
iqug
mDIaGh
mg

F0

¨fïihla u; ;nd we;s jia;=fõ nr ^mg& fõ' th fïifha

mDIaGh u.ska by<g fhokq ,nk n,h ^W& g iudk fõ'
¨\ jia;=j fïih u; iu;=,s;j mj;S'
¨mg > w jk wjia:dfõ oS fïih lvd jeà jia;=j
fmd<j u; m ;s; fõ'
^iv& ieye,a¨ oKavlg tfrysj we;s jia;=jla u; m%;sl%shdj
oKav Èf.a l%shd lrKq ,efí'
^v& ,CIHhloS új¾;khlr we;s jia;= nr új¾;k_
,CIHh yryd l%shd lrKq ,efí'

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

03
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

^vi& ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jl wd;;sh ;ka;=j Tiafia l%shd lrKq 04. ñksfil= ;ka;=j u; 10 N n,hla fhdohs' ì;a;sh
,efí' tfukau ;ka;=j ieye,a¨ fõ kï tu wd;;sh u`.ska ;ka;=j u; fhdok n,h jkafka'
;ka;=j mqrd tlu w.hla ,nd.kq ,efí'
^1& 10N
TA = jia;=j ksid lUh u; we;s wd;;sh ^2& 20N
TB = lUh ksid jia;=j u; we;s wd;;sh ^3& 5N
^4& 5N
TC = lUh ksid ñksid u; we;s wd;;sh
^5& 2.5 N
TD = ñksid ksid lUh u; we;s wd;;sh
fuys lUh ieye,a¨ kï" 05. ialkaOh m jQ oKavla tys uOH ,CIHfhka wdOdrlhla
u; ;nd we;' wdOdrlfha oKav u; we;s jk m%;sl%shdj
TA = TB = TC = TD fõ'
jkafka'

^1& 1/2 mg
^2& m
TA TB TC TD ^3& 2m
^4& mg
^5& 2mg

^vii& ÿKq ;rdÈhla iEu úgu th wka;¾.; YdLdfõ wd;;sh 06' moaO;sh fï wdldrhg iu;=,s;j mj;S kï" m1 yd m2
.ek l=ula lsj yelso@
olajkq ,efí'
^1& m1 < m2
n, hq.,l iu;=,s;;dj' ^2& m1 > m2
^3& m1 = m2 m1
Bronze Wings ^4& m1 ≥ m2
^5& m1 = 2m2 m2
01' n, folla hgf;a iu;=,s;j mj;sk jia;=jla
iïnkaOfhka my; lreKq i,lkak' 07. l%Shd m%;sl%shd hq.,h jkafka"

(1) D yd E A
(a) n, fofla úYd,;aj iudk fõ' (2) B yd E
(b) n, fol tlsfklg m%;súreoaO osYd j,g l%shd (3) D yd E, B yd C D D B
lrhs'
(4) A yd D C B C
(c) n, fofla l%shd f¾Ld tlu fõ'
(5) D yd E E E
ñka ieuúgu i;H jkafka"
^1& a muKs' ^2& a yd b muKs' 08. ialkaOh 200g jQ n,anhla iú,sul
^3& a yd c muKs' ^4& b yd c muKs' iú lr we;' tys we;s jk n, rEm
^5& a, b yd c ish,a, igykl fmkajkak' tys jhrfha
wd;;sh fldmuKo@
02' ;,h u`.ska jia;=j u; we;s lrk wNs,ïN m%;sl%shdj
jkafka"
09. ieye,a¨ wÑ;kH ;ka;=jla u`.ska 5kg jQ ,S l=Üáhla
^1& mg Tijkq ,nhs' tiùu i`oyd ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh flfia
^2& 2 mg úh hq;=o@
^3& mg/2
^4& 4 mg 10. 10kg fmÜáhla fïihla u; ;nd we;' fïih u`.ska
^5& mg/3 mg fmÜáh u; we;s jk wNs,ïN m%;sl%shdj fldmuKo@

03' M ialkaOhla iys; fnda,hla wdldrhg t,a,d we;' 11. iqug ;,h u; ;nd we;s fmÜáhla ñksfila úiska
fuys ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh jkqfha" w`Èkq ,nhs' túg ÿkq ;rdÈh mdGdxlh 100N f,i
fmkqks' Bg úreoaO foig F n,hla fhdokq ,efí'
^1& M
^2& 2 Mg
^3& Mg
^4& 3 Mg M F
^5& 2M

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

04
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

^i& fmÜáh p,kh fkdù ;sîug F n,fha úYd,;ajh 17. jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk n, rEmfha ±lafõ'
úh hq;=o@ ^i& iu;=,s; kï F j, w.h jkafka
^ii& fmÜáh jï foig p,s; ùu i`oyd F ys w.hg 20 N
^ii& jia;=j u; l%shd lrk F n,h "
imqrd,sh hq;= wjYH;dj l=ulao@ ^a& F >10N úg” 10 N
^b& F <10N úg l= u la
Silver Wings isÿfõo" meyeÈ,s lrkak'
F
12. i`o u; ksYap,j isgf.k isák mqoa.,fhl=f.a
ialkaOh m fõ' i`oys .=re;ajc FjrKh g$6 la kï Tyq 18. 4kg nr ,S l=Üáhla iqug ;,hla u; ;nd we;' ,S
u; we;s lrkq ,nk wNs,ïN m%;sl%shdj jkqfha" l=Üáh u; 10N n,hla isriaj by<g l%shd lrhs'
g - mDÓú .=re;ajc FjrKh
mg ^i& ,S l=Üáh i`oyd n, rEm igykla we`o olajkak'
(1) R = mg (2) R = ^ii& ;,h u`.ska jia;=j u; l%shd lrk n,h fidhkak'
6
mg ^iii& jia;=j u`.ska ;,h u; l%shd lrk n,h fidhkak'
(3) R = 6mg (4) R =
3 ^iv& ,S l=Üáh u; l%shd lrk 10N jQ n,h ±ka ta u;
(5) R = 3mg isriaj my<g l%shd lrhs kï”
^a& fuu wjia:dj i`oyd n, rEm igykla we`o
13' fuu M ialkaOh ksYap,j mj;S kï" P n,fha olajkak'
úYd,;ajh jkafka" ^mDIaGh >¾Ikh rys; fõ'&
^b& by; ^ii&"^iii& wjia:d i`oyd kej; .Kkh
^1& 50 N 50 N lsÍï olajkak'
^2& 100 N ^c& wNs,ïN m%;sl%shdj jvd úYd, jkafka l=uk
^3& 25 N 600 P
M wjia:dfõ§ o@
^4& 25 3 N
^5& 25/ 3 N 19. iqug ;sria ;,hla u; ;nd we;s P, Q jia;= 02 la
ieye,a¨ ;ka;= u`.ska iïnkaO lr rEmfha mßÈ
14. fïihla u; 10kg jk fmÜáhla ;nd tA u; 5kg jQ iu;=,s;j mj;sk wjia:dj ±lafõ'
;j;a fmÜáhla ;nd we;'
^i& jia;=j u; l%shd lrk ish¨u n, ,l=Kq lrkak' ^i& CD fldgfia wdk;sh fldmuKo @
^ii& B u`.ska ;,h u; we;s lrk m%;sl%shdfõ úYd,;ajh ^ii& AB fldgfia wdk;sh fldmuKo @
fldmuKo@
D
B C
0.5kg 1 kg
A 10 N

P Q

Gold Wings
20. il
a kO
a h 10kg jk ji;
a j
= la ;r
s ia iu
q g fuihla u; ;nd
we;' fïihg ±ßh yels Wmßu nr 120N kï P n,hg
^iii& A u`.ska B u; we;s lrk m%;sl%shdfõ úYd,;ajh .; yels Wmßu w.h jkf
q h"a
fldmuKo@
15. ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jla u`.ska 5kg jQ jia;=jla isú,sul t,ajd P
we;' (1) 20N 0
(2) 40 / 3 N 30
^i& ;ka;=fõ by< fl<jf¾ wd;;sh fldmuKo@
(3) 40N
^ii& ;ka;=fõ ueo wd;;sh fldmuKo@ (4) 20 3 N
^iii& ;ka;=fõ my< fl<jf¾ wd;;sh fldmuKo@ (5) 20 / 3 N
16. ^i& P=7 wjia:dj meyeÈ,s lrkak'
^ii& P>7 úg moaO;sfha p,s;h meyeÈ,s lrkak' 100N

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

05
Advanced Level PHYSICS
21. rEmfha mßÈ ieye,a¨ ;ka;= u`.ska ,S l=Üá iïnkaO lr
we;'
^a& rEmfha mßÈ iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S kï
^i& AB ;ka;= fldgfia wdk;sh fldmuKo@
^ii& CD ;ka;= fldgfia wdk;sh fldmuKo@
^iii& EF ;ka;= fldgfia wdk;sh fldmuKo@
^b& AB, CD, EF, ;ka;= fldgia iudk È.e;s 1kg n/;s
;ka;= fldgia kï by; ish¨ fldgiaj, uOH
,CIHfha wdk;s .Kkh lrkak'
22. ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jla u`.ska ialkaOh 5kg, 10kg
jQ jia;= 02 la isú,sul t,a,d we;'
^i& ish¨ n, ,l=Kq lrkak'
^ii& AB ;ka;= fldgfia wd;;sh fldmuKo@
^iii& CD ;ka;= fldgfia wd;;sh fldmuKo@
^iv& AB ;ka;=jg ±ßh yels Wmßu wd;;sh 180 N o CD
;ka;= fldgig ±ßh yels Wmßu wd;;sh 200 N
o kï 10kg ialkaO iïnkaO l< yels ialkaOfha
Wmßu w.h ljf¾o @
Advanced Level PHYSICS
Force equilibrium
hï ,CIhl l%shd lrk n, ;=kl iu;=,s;;djh
!fuys o S ,CIh u; l% s h d lrKq ,nk n, ;= k
wksjd¾fhkau tal;, úh hq;=h'
! tfukau jia;=j u; l%shd lrk n, ;=k iu;=,s;j mj;S
kï tajd tlu ,CIhloS yuq úh hq;=h' ke;fyd;a
tlsfklg iudka;r úh hq;=h'
n, ;=k tlsfklg wdk;jk úgoS
^a& n, iudka;rdi% kshuh weiqßka
hï ,CIHhla u; l%shd lrKq ,nk tal ;, tlsfklg
iudka;r fkdjk n, ;=kl l%shdj hgf;a hï jia;=jla
ksi,j iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S kï bka ´kEu n, foll
iïm%hqla; n,fha úYd,;ajh b;sß n,fha úYd,;ajhg
iudk úh hq;= w;r ÈYdfjka m%;súreoaO úh hq;=h' tfukau
b;sß n,fha l%shd f¾Ldj wfkla n, hq.,fhys l%shd f¾Ld
j, fPaok ,CIh yryd .uka l, hq;=h'
F1
F
o F2
F3
mj;sk jia;=j by; F1, F2, F3 n,hka hgf;a iu;=,s;j
mj;S kï"
^a& n, ;=ku tla ksYaÑ; ,CIhloS ^O ysoS& yuqúh hq;=h'
^b& n, ;=ku tal ;, úh hq;=h
^c& F1, F2 n,hka hq.,fhys iïm%hqla; n,h jk F ys
úYd,;ajh F3 n,fha úYd,;ajhg iudk úh hq;=
w;r ÈYdfjka m%;súreoaO úh hq;=h'
^b& n, ;%sfldaK m%fïhfha úf,dauh weiqßka
hï ,CIhla u; l%shd lrKq ,nk tal ;, n, ;=kla
úYd,;a j fhka yd ÈYdfjka ms < s j ,s k a ;% s f lda K hl
wkqms<sfj,ska .;a mdo ;=kla uÕska tlu pl%sh ÈYdjlg
ksrEmKh l< yelskï tu n, ;=k hgf;a tu jia;=j
iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S'
C
Q
b
a
R
Q
b P
a
P
A B
R
tfukau hï n,hl úYd,;ajh" tu n,h ksrEmKh lrk
;%sfldaKfha mdofha È.g orKq ,nk wkqmd;ho ksh;
w.hla fõ' R = Q = P
AB BC CA
Dr. Darshana Ukuwela
06
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

F jeo.;a ( tlsfklg wdk; n, foll iïm%hqla;h n, ;=k tlsfklg iudka;r jk úgoS

fiùug by; m%fïh fhdod.; yel'
F1
F3
R
Q Q F2
q q
P P
1' úYd, n,h tla ÈYdjlg;a l=vd n, fol Bg m%;súreoaO
^c& ,dó m%fïhh weiqßka ÈYdjg;a mej;shhq;=h'
fuu m%fïhh ,CIhloS l%shd lrk tal;, n, ;=kla ^F3 > F2, F3 > F1&
iu;=,s;;dj iïnkaOfhka bÈßm;a lr we;s n, ;%sfldaK 2' úYd, n,fha úYd,;ajh" l=vd n, hq.,fhys úYd,;aj
kshufha úf,daufhka olajk m%;sM,hu ;%sfldaKñ;sh j, tl;=jg iudk úh hq;=h'
weiqßka bÈßm;a lsÍuls' ^F3 = F1 + F2 &

,CIhloS l%shd lrk tal ;, n, ;=kla iu;=,s; fõ kï

ta tla tla n,hla wfkla n, fol w;r fldaKfha n, ;=kl iu;=,s;;djh'
ihskhg orK wkqmd;h ksh;hls'
Bronze Wings
P
23. hï jia;=jla n, 3 la yuqfõ iu;=,s; kï" tu jia;=j
u; l%shd lrk n,"

g (1) tal ;,Sh úh hq;=uh'

a (2) tal ,CISh úh hq;=uh'
(3) iudka;r úh hq;=uh'
b (4) tu n, 3 úYd,;ajfhka tlsfkl yd iudk úh
R hq;=h'
Q (5) by; lsisjla fkdfõ'

,dï m%fïh wkqj 24. wdk; n, ;=kla hgf;a iu;=,s;j mj;sk oDv
jia;=jla iïnkaOfhka my; lreKq i,lkak'
P a sin b
(a) úYd, n,fha úYd,;ajh l=vd n, fofla úYd,;aj
Q a sin g j, ftlHhg jvd úYd, fõ'
R a sin a (b) l=vd n, fofla iïm%hqla;fha úYd,;ajh úYd,
n,fha úYd,;ajhg iudk fõ'
\ P = k sin b 1 (c) hï n,hl úYd,;ajh" b;srs n, fol w;r
Q = k sin g
R = k sin a
2
3
} fïjdfhys k hkq
ksh;hls
fldaKfha ihska w.hg ork wkqmd;h ksh;hls'

ñka ieuúgu i;H úh hq;af;a"

^1& a muKs' ^2& a yd b muKs'
^3& a yd c muKs' ^4& b yd c muKs'
1 ka k = P/sin b 4 ^5& a, b yd c ish,a,

2 ka k = Q/sin g 5 25. my; moaO;sh iu;=,s; kï F ys w.h iudk jkafka"

3 ka k = R/sin a 6 5N
F
5N
4 = 5 = 6 neúka"

P Q R fõ' ^1& 5N ^2& 10N

= = ^3& 25N ^4& 2.5N
sinb sing sina
^5& 7.5N

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

07
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

26. my; moaO;sh iu;=,s; kï T1 yd T2 .ek l=ula lsj 30. fuhska i;H jkqfha"
yelso@

^1& T1 + T2 = Mg T1 T2 T1 T2
^2& T1 > T2 A γ B
^3& T1 + T2 = Mg/2
^4& T1 < T2 W
α β
^5& T1 > T2 = Mg/3
Mg ^1& W = T2 = T1
sin γ sin α sin β
Silver Wings
^2& T1 sinα = T2 sinβ
27. oDv jia;=jla 5N, 9N iy 12N n, ;=kl l%shdj hgf;a ^3& T1 sinα + T2 sinβ - W = 0
iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S' 9N n,h bj;a l,fyd;a tu ^4& T1 = T2
fudfydf;ys jia;=j u; iïm%hqla; n,h' ^5& T1 sinα = T2 cosα
^1& 13N ^2& 5N 31. .ia follg nÈk ,o lUhla wdOdrfhka ialkaOh
^3& 12N ^4& 9N 50kg jk <ufhla t,a,S isák whqre rEmfha oelafõ'
^5& 17 N lUfha A iy B fldgiaj, wd;;s ms<sfj,ska"
28. tlsfklg 1200 lska wdk;j jia;=jlau;" th ;nd we;s
^1& 300N, 400N
;,hg iudka;r jkfia F kï n, 2la rEmfha
^2& 400N, 500N 5m
oelafjk whqre l%shd lrhs' th fïih u; iu;=,s; ùu A B
i|yd fhosh hq;= f;fjks n,hl úYd,;ajh jkqfha" ^3& 300N, 500N 4m 3m

^4& 400N, 600N

^1& F/ 2 ^5& 300N, 600N
^2& F
32. W nr taldldr ,E,a,la r¿ ;sria fmd<jl;a ì;a;shl
^3& 3 F by< fl<jr iuÕ;a iam¾Ij rEmfha mßÈ iu;=,s;j
^4& 3/ 2F mj;S' fmd<j uÕska ,E,a, u; iïm%hqla; m%;sl%shdj S o
^5& F/ 3 ì;a;sfhka ,E,a, u; m%;sl%shdj R o jk úg tajdfha
29. ffoYsl igyk jkafka"
f1 β
f3
α
γ
f2

my; m%ldY w;=frka i;H jkafka"

^1& R ^2& R
^1& f1 f2 f3
sin γ = sin α = sin β W W
f1 f2 f3 S S
^2& sin γ = sin β = sin α
R
R
f1 f2 f3 ^3& ^4&
^3&
sin α = sin α = sin α S W
W
S

^4& f1= f2= f3

^5& R
^5& f1 f2 f3
sin β = sin α = sin γ W
S

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

08
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

33. 3 m, 4 m È. ;ka;= folla u`.ska ialkaOhla iu;, Q

mDIaGhl A yd B ,CIH foll t,ajd we;' 3 m yd Y Y
4 m ;ka;=j, wd;;s jkqfha" Q

^1& 30 N, 40 N A B P
5m W W
^2& 32 N, 24 N 3m 4m P
^3& 40 N, 30 N X X
^3& ^4&
^4& 24 N, 32 N
^5& 20 N, 20 N 5 kg Q Y

34. my; rEmj, fmkajd we;s jia;+kag iudk ialkaO we;s

nj;a tajd r`ojdf.k isák ;ka;= i¾jiu nj;a"
Wml,amkh lrkak' ;ka;=j leã hdug jeä bvla P
W
we;af;a l=uk wjia:dfõ § o@
X
^5&

uqÿj uqÿj 37. rEmfha ±lafjk lmams yd ;ka;= iqug yd ieye,a¨h'

moaO;sfha iu;=,s;;djh i`oyd θ fldaKfha w.h úh
yelafla"
(1) (2)
^1& 00
θ
^2& 300
^3& 50 2m
uqÿj uqÿj ^4& 600
m m
^5& 150
38' ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jla u.ska t,a,d we;s 3kg ialkaOhla u;
(3) (4)
P ;sria n,hla fhoSfuka th 300 isrig wdk;shlska
;nd we;' P ys úYd,;ajh
(5) ish,a,u leã hdug we;af;a tlu bvls'
35. PQ kï jQ W n/;s fldä.ila tys P ,laIHfha § isria ^1& 30N ^2& 10/ 3N 0
30
ì;a;shlg iúlr ;sfí' ì;a;sh u; jQ R ,CIHh yd ^3& 15/ 3N ^4& 15N
fldä.fia jQ Q ,CIH w;r /`ojQ lïìfha wd;;sh T ^5& 30/ 3N P
3kg
fõ' ì;a;sh u`.ska fldälKqj u; fhdokq ,nk n,h
l%shdlrk ÈYdj jkafka"
/
R T 39. rEmfha fmkajd we;s moa;sfha ;ka;=j, T1 yd T2 wd;;s
^1& SP ^2& PS S ms,sfj,ska N j,ska

^3& QP ^4& PQ Q 450

^1& 100, 100
flagpole ^2& 50 2 , 100 T2
^5& PX
X ^3& 100 2, 50 2
P
W ^4& 100, 100 2 T1
^5& 50 2, 100 2 10kg
36. XY kï oKavl tla fl<jrla r¿ ;sria ìul ;nd we;s
w;r wfkla fl<jr r¿ isria ì;a;shlg fya;a;= lr 40' 20N nrla" ;sria hlv oKavl .eg.id we;s tl iudk
we;' oKafâ nr W jk w;r X ys§ yd Y ys§ oKav u; AB iy BC ;ka;= foflka rEmfha fmfkk wkaoug
l%shd lrk n, ms<sfj,ska P yd Q fõ' oKav ,siaid t,a,d we;' ;ka;=jl wd;;sh ksõgka ^N&
hdug wdikak wjia:dfõ we;akï my; i`oyka ljr
rEm igyk oKav u; ls%hd lrk n, jvd;a ksjerÈj
ksrEmKh lrhs o@ ^1& 5/Ö3
Q ^2& 10
Q Y Y
^3& 20/Ö3
^4& 20
P ^5& 20Ö3
W W
P
X X
^1& ^2&

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

09
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

41' by; m%Yakfhys hlv oKav u; iïmSvk n,h" F 44 my; rEmfha fmkajd we;f;a r¿ fïihla u; ;nd we;s
ksõgka ^N& 10 kg ialkaOhla iys; jia;=jls'

^1& 5/Ö3 ^2& 10 r¿ fïih u`.ska 10 kg ialkaOh u; we;s lr yels

^3& 10 Ö3 ^4& 20 Wmßu >¾IK n,h 20 N kï moaO;sh iu;=,s;;djfha
^5& 20Ö3 mej;Sug tys t,aúh yels Wmßu ialkaOh m jkqfha"
42. x ^1& 40g 3

^2& 20g 3 30o

A A
C 10 kg
^3& 10 3
g
^4& 80 3
B g
y z m
^5& 50 3
my; m%ldY w;=frka i;H jkafka" g

^1& A B C 45.
xz = xy = yz
(a) T1 cos θ1 = T2 cos θ2
A B C (b) T1 sin θ1 = T2 sin θ2
^2& xy = xz = yz (c) T1 sin θ1 + T2 sin θ2 = W θ1
T1 T2
θ2
(d) T1 cos θ1 = T2 sin θ2
B C A
^3& xy = xz = yz by; m%ldY w;=ßka wi;H jkafka"
^1& a muKs' W
^2& b iy d muKs'
^4& A= B = C ^3& a iyc muKs'
^4& a, b, c ish,a,u'
A B C ^5& ish,a, i;H fõ'
^5& xy = yz = xz
46. W nrla rEmfha mßÈ ;ka;= ;=klg iïnkaOlr
ta,ajd we;súg iu;=,s; wjia:dfõ§ ;ka;=j,
Gold Wings msysàï rEmfha fmkajd we;'
43. rEmfha fmkajd we;af;a nr w jk jia;=jla tlsfklg 300 600
^A& T1 < T2 < W fõ'
,ïNl ;ka;= follska t,a,d we;s wdldrhghs' ;ka;=
^B& T2 < T1 < W fõ' T2
j, wd;;s P yd Q jk w;r" moaO;sh iu;=,s;;djfha T1
^C& T12 + T22 = W2 fõ'
we;' my; olajk m%ldY i,ld n,kak'
^a& P + Q > W fõ ñka i;H jkafka" W
^b& P2 + Q2 = W2
^c& Q > W fõ ^1& A yd C muKs' ^2& B yd C muKs'
^3& C muKs' ^4& A muKs'
fïjd w;ßka i;H jkafka" Q ^5& B muKs'
^1& a, b yd c hk ish,a, P
^2& b yd c muKs 47. n, iudka;rdi% m%fïhh i;Hdmkh lsÍfï m%dfhda.sl
^3& c muKs mÍCIKhloS ks¾udKh l< OXYZ iudka;rdi%fha
^4& a yd b muKs OX = 30cm o OZ = 20cm o kï OY úl¾Kfha È.
W jkqfha" Y
^5& b muKs
^1& 25 cm X Z
cm
30

^2& 30 cm
cm

20

^3& 35cm O
^4& 40cm 600N 400N
^5& 45 cm

700N

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

10
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

48. W n/;s >klhla ;srig 300 l fldaKhlska wdk; jQ

iqug ;,hla u; iu;=,s;j ;nd we;af;a wdk; n, ;=klg jvd jeä úgloS iu;=,s;;djh
;,hg iud;a;rj fhdokq ,nk P n,hlsks' P ys yd
R ys úYd,;aj ms<sfj,ska" ^a& tal;," iudka;r n, moaO;shl iu;=,s;;;djh
F1 F2 F3 F4
^1& WÖ3 , W
2 2
^2&' W, WÖ3

^3&' W , WÖ3 F7 F6 F5
2 2 iudka;rj mj;sk n, moaO;shl iu;=,s;h i|yd wjYH
^4&' W, WÖ3 m%Odku wjYH;djh jkqfha"
2 tla ÈYdjlg we;s ish¿ n,hkaf.a tl;=j = úreoaO
^5&' WÖ3, W ÈYdjg we;s ish¿ n,hkaf.a tl;=j
tkï"
49. T1 yd T2 ms<sn`oj l=ula lsj yelso@
F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 = F5 + F6 + F7 fõ'
^1& T1 ≠ T2 T1 θ θ T2 tfia;a ke;skï"
^2& T1 = T2 = Mg/2sin θ ^F1 + F2 + F3 + F4& - ^F5 + F6 + F7& = 0 fõ'
^3& T1 = T2 = Mg/cos θ
^4& T1 + T2 = Mg/2cos θ túg iïm% h q l a ; n,hla fkdue;s neúka jia ; = j
^5& T1 = T2 = Mg/2cos θ iu;=,s;;dfõ mj;S' tkï n,j, ;,fha msysá ´kEu
Mg ,CIHhla jgd n, >Q¾K j, ùc ftlHh Y=kH úh hq;=h’
50. wrh r jQ nr f.da,hl mDIaGh u; jQ ,laIHhlg
;ka;=jla wE`od ;ka;=j iqug wdk; ;,hl ,laIHhlg tfukau"
iú lr we;' ;ka;=fõ È. 3r fõ kï q ys w.h jkqfha" oCIsKdj¾; >Q¾Kh = jdudj¾; >Q¾Kh úh hq;=h'

^1& 300 WodyrKh :

^2& Cos-1 ( 3 )
17 A 50kg ialkaOhla we;s hlv oKavla C
^3& Sin-1 ( 1 ) q ieye,a ¨ wú;kH ;ka ; = fhdod
3
-1 1
.ksñka lmams u.ska t,ajd we;' A yd
^4& Sin ( )
4 300 B lmams ip, jk w;r tajdfha
^5& Cos ( )
-1 4 ialkaO ms<sj,ska 2kg yd 3kg fõ' C B
17
lmamsh wp,h' moaO;sh iu;=,s;j
51. rEmfhys oelafjkafka iu;=,s;;djfhys mj;sk n,
mj;S kï A lmamsh u;ska .uka lrk
;=kls' my; oelafjk ljr iïnkaOh idjoH fõo @
;ka;=fõ ksoyia fl<jrg wuqkd A
P
we;s wxY=fõ ialkaOh m .Kkh
^1& R Sin q = Q mg
lrkak'
^2& P Sin q = Q 50kg
^3& R Sin (2700 - q) = P q Q úi`ÿu
^4& R/ Sin 900 = Q/Sin q ;ka;= ish,a,u ieye,a¨ neúka ta
^5& Q Sin (2700 - q) = P Sin q tl tflys iEu ia:dkhlu ksh;
R wd;;s mj;sk nj Tn okakjd
52. F w.h iudk jkqfha" we;' rEmfha mßÈ ;ka;= ;=fka
wd;;s T1, T2, yd T3 f,i i,luq'
^1& W moaO;sh u; l%shd lrk n, rEmfha
cos θ 0
45
i,l=Kq lr we;'
^2& W θ θ
2
A lmamsfha nr = 2 x 10 = 20N
^3& W F
B lmamsfha nr = 3 x 10 = 30N
W
^4& 2cos θ C oKafâ nr = 50 x 10 = 500N
W
^5& 2W
Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela
11
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

wxY=fõ iu;=,s;;djh i,luq' fuysoS ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh fuysoS isriaj my<g mj;sk n,fha
^T1& wxY=fõ nr ^mg& g iudk ùfuka iu;=,s;;djh we;s úYd,;ajh" by<g mj;skn,
fõ' j, úYd,;aj j, tl;=jg
T1 = mg iudk l, úg"

A lmamsfha iu;=,s;;;djh i|yd fhfok n, i,ld n,uq' T3 + T2 + T1 = 500

T1, T2 yd T3i|yd jQ w.hka wdfoaY l, úg
n, ish,af,a l%shd f¾Ld iudka;r (4mg + 70) + (2mg + 20) + mg = 500
neúka isriaj by<g jQ n,h 7mg + 90 = 500
is r ia j my<g l% s h dlrk n, 7mg = 410
is h ,a f ,a tl;= j g iudk úh 7m x 10 = 410
hq;=hs' 70m = 410
m = 410 / 70
T1 + 20 + T1 = T2 = 5.86kg fõ'
2T1 + 20 = T2
T1 = mg neúka ^b& tal;," tal ,CISh n, iuQyhl iu;=,s;;dj
2mg + 20 = T2 fõ ^i& n, úfNaokfhka
Fy
F4
B lmamsh u; l%shd lrk n, my; rEmfha mßÈ fõ' F1
tys iu;=,s;;djh ie,l+ úg isriaj my<g l%shd lrk n, R
ish,af,a úYd,;aj j, tl;=j" isriaj by<g l%shd lrk Þ
n,fha úYd,;ajhg iudk úh hq;=hs'
F3
F2
Fx
tal ,CISh n, iuQyhla hgf;a jia;=jla iu;=,s; ùug
kï n, úfNaokfhka ,efnk tu tla tla úfNaÈ;
ixrplhka tkï Fy yd Fx fjk fjku Y=kH úh hq;=h'

2 2
R = Fy + Fx fõ' Fy yd Fx Y=kH úg R o tkï
iïm%hqla; n,ho Y+kH fõ' tkï jia;=j iu;=,s;;dfõ
mj;S'i

^ii& n, nyq wi% m%fïhfhka

ta wkqj"
jia;=jla u; tal;, tal ,laISh n, lSmhla l%shd;aul
T2 + 30 + T2 = T3 jk wjia:djl tu n, wkqms<sj,ska nyqwi%hl mdoj,
2T2+ 30 = T3 úYd,;ajfhka yd ÈYdfjka ksrEmKh l<yelskï tu
T2 i|yd ,enqKq w.h fuu iólrKfhys wdfoaYfhka jia;=j iu;=,s;j mj;S'
2 (2mg + 20) + 30 = T3
4 mg + 70 = T3 ± by; n, ;% s f lda K m% f ïh
mßÈu fuu n, nyq wi%
wjidk jYfhka my< oKafâ iu;=,s;;djh i,ld n,uq' m%fïfhkao n, moa;shl
iu;;=,s;h fiúh yel'

drdYh (
oDv jia;=jl iu;=,s;fha oS jeo.;a lreKq
iïm%hqla; n,h ^R& u.ska we;s jk f¾Çh
p,s;hla fkdue;s úh hq;=h' tkï R = 0 úh
hq;=h'
n,hka f.a uq¿ >Q¾Kh Y=kHh úh hq;= w;r tu.ska
N%uK p,s;hla isÿ fkdúh hq;=h'

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

12
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

58. rEmfha olj

a d we;s lmm
a s ieliu
q u`.k
s "a D ml
% ¾IK
n, ;=klg jvd jeä úg§ iu;=,s;;dj WmlrKhg iïnkO a lr we;s frd. a f
s hlf = .a mdoh u;
n,hla we;s lrh's lmm a s >¾Ikfhka f;dr jk w;r
Bronze Wings moO
a ;h
s iu;, = ;
s ;djfha mj;'S D u`.k s a mdoh u; lh s% d
53. iu;=,s; moaO;shl .=Kdx. jkqfha" lrk ;r s ia n,h 80 N kï" t,, a d we;s m il a kOa fhys
w.h jkf a k"a
(1) iïm%hqla; n,h Y=kH fõ'
(2) iïm%hqla; n,h yd iïm%hqla; jHdj¾:h Y=kH fõ' ^1& 4/ 3 kg
(3) iïm%hqla; jHdj¾;h Y=kH fõ' D 300
^2& 4 kg 300
(4) lafIa;% n, = iam¾Y n, fõ' ^3& 8/ 3 kg
(5) tla ,CIhla jgd muKla >Q¾Kh Y=kHhla fõ' ^4& 8 kg
54. moaO;shla iu;=,s; kï" ^5& 8/ 2 kg
m
(1) moaO;shg N%uK FjrKhla fkdue;s úh hq;=h'
(2) ksYap,;djfhka mej;sh hq;=uh' (2015-08)
(3) taldldr m%fõ.hla mj;ajd .; hq;=uh'
(4) iïm%hqla; FjrKhla ;sìh yelsh' 59. ^a& iqug lmamshla u`.ska hjk ,o ;ka;=jl tla
(5) fldaKsl m%fõ.h Y=kH ùu wjYH ke;' fl<jrlg 25kg jQ jia;=jla .eg we;s w;r
wfkla fl<jr" fmd<jg iïnkaO lrk ,o ÿkq
Silver Wings
;rdÈhl fldlalg .eg .id we;'
55. A iy B iudk ialkaO folla ieye,a¨ wú;kH
^i& moaO;sh u; ish¨ n, ,l=Kq lr
;ka;=jla u.ska wEod rEmfha fmkajd we;s whqre iqug
fmkajkak'
ieye,a¨ lmamshla u;ska hjd we;' B ialkaOh my<g
^ii& ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh fldmuKo @
weo kj;d ;nd uqodyrskq ,efí' my; i|yka m%ldY
w;=frka B ys bkslaì;s p,s;h ms<sn| jvd;a ksjeros ^iii& ÿkq ;rdÈ mdGdxl fldmuKo@
jkafka l=ulao @ ^b& ±ka ÿkq ;rdÈh bj;a lr tA fjkqjg
50Kg jQ ñksfila th we`of.k
1) B uq,a wjia:djg kej; meñfKa' isà'
2) B by<g iy my<g foda,khù ^i& jia;=j yd ñksid i`oyd n, rEm
ksYap,;djhg m;afõ' igyka fjk fjku we`o
3) B ksYap,;djfha msysàfïu mj;S' olajkak'
4) B my<g .uka lsrSug mgka .kS' ^ii& ;ka;=fõ wd;;s n,m" ñksid yd fmdf<dj wNs,ïN
5)B by<g .uka lsrSug mgka .kS' m%;sl%shdj fidhkak'
A B
(2001)
56. rEmfha ±lafjk moaO;sfha ;ka;= ieye,a¨ jk w;r Gold Wings
lmamsh iqug fõ' AB ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh CD wd;;shg
ork wkqmd;h jkafka" 60. M ialkaOhla we;s fõÈldjla u; m ialkaOhla we;s
ñksfila rEmfha mßÈ ksYap,j isákafka ;ka;=j u; T
^1& 1 C wd;;shla fh§fuks' lmams ieye,a¨ yd iqug fõ' T
^2& 2/3 wd;;s n,fha w.h jkqfha"
^3& 3/2
^4& 3 ^1& (M+m)g
4 kg 16
^5& 1/3 D
B 6 kg ^2& (M+m)g
8
^3& (M+m)g
57. P ys ialkaOh m jk úg § moaO;sh iu;=,s;j mej;Su 4
i`oyd Q ys ialkaOh úh hq;af;a" ^lmams ieye,a¨ yd ^4& (M+m)g
iqug fõ'& 2
^5& (M+m)g
^1& m
^2& 2m
^3& m/2
^4& 4m
Q
^5& 3m
P
Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela
13
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

61. moaO;sh iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S' fhdod we;s lmams

ieye,a¨ yd iqug fõ kï" X

^1& 4m = M A
^2& 3m = M Y
^3& 6m = M
^4& 7m = M B
^5& 9m = M

M m

(1)lïì iu q g yd ieye,¨ a fõ kï" lU j, nr fkdi,ld

moO a ;h s iu;, = ;
s j ;nd .eku S i`oyd <uhd weÈh h; q =
62. my; rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ nr 600 N jk ñksfil= irs ia n,h (T) yd túg ,E,, a u`.k
s a Tyq u; we;s lrk
ialkaOh rys; ;ka;=jlska t,a,S isà' fmdf<dj uÜgñka m;
% l s h
s% djo R fidhkk a '
hka;ñka by<g tiùu i`oyd Tyq B lmamsh jgd hk
;ka;=j u; fhÈh hq;= wju n,h jkafka" (B lmamsh (2)C lmm
a f
s ha il
a kO a h 10 kg kï" by; TydR i`oyd
ieye,a¨ iqug yd A lmamsh 30 kg ialkaOhla iys; iqug w.hla ,nd .kk a '
tlls'&
(b)10 kg ila kO
a hla we;s 3 m oÈ. tl a dldr oKv a la
^1& (m2+m1)g B fl<jrg 200 N Ndrhla t,j a d B ,lI a Hfh§a ì;; a h
s lg
8 wiõlr A ,CIHfhka ;k; a j= la u`.k
s a ì;; a h
s l t,j a d
^2& (m2+m1)g iu;,= ;
s ;djfha we;'
2
^3& (2m2+m1)g
(θ = sin-1 ( 45 ( fõ')
4 A
^4& (m1+m2)g (1) ;k;a f
= õ wd;;h s fidhkk a '
6 (2) B wiõfõ m; % l
s hs% dfõ úYd,;ja h yd ÈYdj ,nd.kk
a '
^5& (3m1+m 2)g
2

63. my; olajd we;af;a iu;=,s;;djfha mj;sk ieye,a¨

iqug lmams iy ieye,a¨ ;ka;= iys; moaO;shls' moaO;sh
θ
iu;=,s;j mej;Sug ñksid úiska ;ka;= u; fhÈh hq;= A
n,h jkqfha" B
200 N
m1g = ñksidf.a nr
m2g = ñksid isgf.k isák ,E,af,a nr
(c)5 kg ila kO
a hla iy;
s ji; a j
= la a, b yd c ;k;a = ;k= la
^1& (m2+ m1)g u`.k
s a by; mßÈ iu;, = ;
s ;djfha mj;'S ;k; a = ;f= kys
2
^2& (2m2+ m1)g wd;;s fidhkk a .
2
^3& (m1+ m2)g
300
^4& 2(m1+ m2)g m1g a b
600
R
^5& (2m1+ m2)g m2g c

64.(a)A wp, lmm a hs la iy B, C ip, lmm a s folla u`.k

s a 30
kg il
a kO a hla we;s tla dldr ,E,,
a la u; 70 kg ñkf s ila
iu;, = ;
s j ià s '

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

14
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

65. moaO;sh rEmfha mßÈ iu;=,s;j we;' Fw = 80 N kï n, >Q¾Kh

rEmfha ,l=Kq lr we;s ;ka;=j, wd;;s n, fidhkak'
hï n,hla ksid jia;=jla N%uKhg ,la fõ kï n,
>Q¾Khla hehs lshkq ,efí'
600
n, >Q¾Kh = n,h x >Q¾Kh hkq ,nk ,CIHfha
FT3 FT4
0
isg l%shd f¾Ldjg ,ïN ÿr
30
FT1 FT2
* ffoYslhls'
* idudkHfhka oCIsKdj¾; fyda jdudj¾; f,i i,lkq
FW ,efí'
* n, >Q¾Kfha i;H ÈYdj iqr;a kshuh u`.ska ,efí'

66. rEmfha mßÈ n, moa O ;s h iu;= , s ; j we;a k ï

T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 fidhkak'

600 600
FT4 FT5 FT3
600
0 0 Wod(- N%uKh jk ÈYdj
FT1 30 30 FT2

A
τ=P.d
W

fuu >Q¾Kfha idudkH i,lk ÈYdj = oCIsKdj¾;h

67. yÈis wk;=rla ksid mdofha wdndOhla isÿ jQ frda.sfhl= i;H ÈYdj } ;,h ;=,g
yg mdoh i`oyd wjYH fN!;sl Ñls;ail m%;sldr lrk
whqre rEmfha fmkajd we;' ish¿u lmams >¾IKfhka
f;dr hehs i,lkak' tfukau ;ka;=fõ ish¨u τ = F . d sin θ
fldgiaj, wd;;sh 150 N g iudk hehs o i,lkak'

^a& mdoh bÈßhg w`Èk ^;srig w`Èk&

^b& mdoh u; isriaj by<g ls%hd lrkq ,nk n,h
fidhkak'

fuu >Q¾Kfha idudkH i,lk ÈYdj = jdudj¾;h

30 0 i;H ÈYdj } ;,fhka t<shg

^1& >Q¾Kh Y=kH jk wdldr folls'

* n,h Y=kH ùfuka
150N * ,ïNl ÿr Y=kH ùfuka
68. my; fmkajd we;s ieleiafuys T1 = 1200 N kï W1,
W2 iy W3 Ndrhkays w.hka fidhkak'

d=0 τ=0
P=0 τ=0
T1
0
20 T3
400

T2

W1 W2 W3

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

15
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

^2& n, >Q¾Kfha úYd,;ajh fjkia jk wdldr folls'

* n,h úYd,;ajfhka
* ,ïNl ÿr fjkia ùfuka

* by; n, moaO;sh iu;=,s; fkdfõ'

isriaj my<g iïm%hqla;hla neúks'
iïm%hqla; n,h ^F& } 2 N
^3& n, >Q¾Kfha ÈYdj fjkia jk wdldr folls' O isg F g ÿr D kï"
* n,h fhdokq ,nk ,CIHh fjkiaùfuka 2 x d = 12 x 9 - 10 x 10
* n,h fhdokq ,nk ÈYdj fjkiaùfuka d = 4m

• fï wkQj n, >Q¾Kh"
* tys úYd,;ajh fukau ÈYdj o fjkia jk idOl ^1& iïm%hqla; n,h ^R á& } 8 + 12 - 5 - 10
u; r`od mj;S' ^2& tys ÈYdj }
^3& tys l%shd f¾Ldjg A isg we;s ÿr x kï A u`.ska
• >Q¾Kj, ùc ftlHh 5x = 24 + 96 -10 - 60
hï n, moaO;shl ÈYdj o i,ld uq¿ >Q¾Kh ,nd = 120 - 70
.ekSu >Q¾Khkaf.a ùc ftlHh fõ' fuu`.ska = 50
i,lk ,o ÈYdjg >Q¾Kj, iïm%hqla;h ,nd .;
x = 10m
yel'
iu;=,s; jia;=ka
iïm%hqla; n,h 0 ls' tneúka >Q¾K uQ,O¾uhg wkQj
iïm%hqla; >Q¾Kh 0 ls'
túg"
F1d1 + F3d3 - F2D2 iu;=,s; jia;=jl ´kEu ,CIHhla jgd"
jdudj¾; >Q¾K Ok f,i .ksuq' túg"
F2d2 + F1d1 - F3D3 jdudj¾; >Q¾Kh } olaIsKdj¾; >Q¾Kh
oCIsKdj¾; >Q¾K Ok f,i .ksuq' túg"

>Q¾K uQ,O¾uh
n, hq.auh
* hï n, moaO;shl ´kEu ,CIHhla jgd tla tla n,hkaf.a fuys§ n, hq.,hla l%shd;aul fõ'
>Q¾Khkaf.a ùc ftlHh tu ,CIHh jgd iïm%hqla;fha
* úYd,;ajfhka iudkhs'
>Q¾Khg iudk fõ' tA wkQj"
* ÈYdfjka m%;súreoaOhs'
tla tla n,hkaf.a >Q¾Kj, ùc ftlHh = iïm%hqla;fha >Q¾Kh * iudka;rhs' úh hq;=hs'
* jeo.;a (-
n, hq.auhl iïm%hqla;h Y=kHhls' kuq;a iu;=,s;
fkdfõ' jia;=j N%uKhlg ,la fõ'
ffoYslhls' ^oCIsKdj¾;$ jdudj¾;&
ÈYdj ,efnkqfha iqr;a kshufhks'

fuu`.ska n, hq.auh = tl n,hl úYd,;ajh x n, fol w;r ,ïN ÿr

* F1d1 + F3d3 - F2d2 = RD

* iïm%hqla;h" iïm%hqla;fha l%shd,CIHh fiúh yel'

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

16
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

* jeo.;a (-
n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kh" >Q¾K ,nd .kakd ,CIHh u; r`od n, >Q¾Kh
fkdmj;S'
Bronze Wings
69. my; i`oyka tajdhska ljrla cQ,a j,ska ueksh yels o @

^A& n,hla u.ska lrk ld¾hh m%udKh

^B& .=re;ajdl¾IK úNj Yla;sh
^C& n,hl >Q¾Kh

^1& A mu‚'
^2& A yd B mu‚'
^3& B yd C mu‚'
^4& A yd C mu‚'
fï wkQj ´kEu ,CIHhla jgd n, hq.aufha úYd,;ajh tlu ^5& A, B yd C hk ish,a,u'
fõ' tlu ÈYdjg fõ' 70. wi;H m%ldYh jkqfha"
my; wjia:dj, moaO;sfha n, hq.auh ,nd .kak'
(1) n, >Q¾Kh n,h Y+kH ùfuka muKla Y+kH fõ'
(2) n, >Q¾Kh n,h jeäl< úg jeä fõ'
(3) n, >Q¾Kh ie,lSfï§ >Q¾Kh .kq ,nk ,laIH
yryd hk n, ie,lsh hq;= fkdfõ'
(4) >Q¾Kh fiùfï§ >Q¾Kh .kq ,nk ,laIHhlg
,ïNl n, ixrplh .ekSug w;HdjYH fõ'
(5) by; (1) yd (4)
71. d
O

fuu oKav u; O fl<jf¾ § my; wdldrhg n,

fhdokq ,efí' O jgd moaO;sfha >Q¾Kfha úYd,;ajh
oelafjkafka" ^P > Q&
Q
0
^1& Pd P 60
^2& Q sin 60 d
^3& Pd - Q cos 60 d
^4& ^2& yd ^3& >Q¾Kj, iïm%hqla;hla mj;S'
^5& by; lsisjla fkdfõ'
72. n, hq.auhla ms<sn`oj wi;H jkqfha"

(1) n, fol úYd,;ajfhka iudk úh hq;=hs'

73. >Q¾Kh ms<sn|j my; olajd we;s lreKq i,lkak'
n, hq.aufha fhfok m%dfhda.sl wjia:d f,i "
* lrduhla weÍfï§ iy jeiSfï§
(2) n, fol iudka;r úh hq;=hs'
(3) n, fol m%;súreoaO úh hq;=hs'
(4) n, hq.aufha = n, fol w;r x tla n,hl
>Q¾Kh ,ïN ÿr úYd,;ajh
(5) n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kh >Q¾K .kq ,nk ,laIHh
u; r`od mj;S'
^a& n, >Q¾Kfha udk ML2T-2 fõ'
^b& n, >Q¾Kfha ÈYdj ju;a lial=remamq kS;sfhka
,nd.; yel'
^c& n, >Q¾Kh tall Nm fyda kgm3s-2 fõ'

ñka ksjerÈ jkafka"

^1& a muKs ^2& b muKs
^3& a yd b muKs ^4& a yd c muKs
^5& ish,a,u

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

17
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

74. n,hl iy n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kh iïnkaOfhka my; ^ii&

lreKq i,lkak' x
F
^a& n,hl >Q¾Kfha úYd,;ajh" >Q¾K .kq ,nk
,laIHh u; r|d mj;S' O
^b& n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kfha úYd,;ajh >Q¾K .kq ,nk a
,laIHh u; r|d mj;S'
^c& n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kfha úYd;ajh" tla n,hl
úYd,;ajfha;a n, fol w;r wNs,ïN ÿf¾;a ^iii&
.=Ks;hg iudk fõ'

ñka ieuúgu i;H jkafka" F O

^1& a muKs ^2& a yd b muKs
^3& a yd c muKs ^4& b yd c muKs
^5& a, b yd c ish,a,
75. tal ;, n, moaO;shla oDv jia;=jla u; l%shd lrhs'
jia;=j u; we;s tla;rd ,CIHhla jgd iïm%hqla; n,
>Q¾Kh Y=kH fõ kï my; iyka m%ldY i,ld n,kak'

^a& jia;=j u; we;s fjk;a ´kEu ,CIHhla jgd ^iv& a

iïm%hqla; n, >Q¾Kh ieuúgu Y=kHh fõ' O
^b& jia;=j iu;=,s; ;djfha mej;sh hq;=h
q F
^c& jia;=j u; l%shd lrk iïm%hqla; n,h Y=kH úh
hq;=h'

^1& a, b iy c ish,a,u wi;H fõ 78. nhsisl,hl mev,fha ^pedal& isg welaI,hg ^axle&
^2& a muKla i;H fõ ÿr 16 cm fõ' F = 400 N fõ'
^3& b muKla i;H fõ
^4& a iy b muKla i;H fõ
^5& ish,a,u i;H fõ axle crank foot push
pedal
76. rEmfha fmfkkafka ;srig wdk;j we;s oKavls' th
kej;;a ;sria msysgqulg f.k wd fkdyelafla" length of crank l

d=l F

d
horizontal d
^1& t,a,d we;s nr ol=Kg f.k hdfukah' 600 600 F
^2& wj,ïnk ,laIHh jug f.k hdfukah' crank
^3& oKafâ ol=Kq ndyqfõ ,CIHhlg nrla tl;= l
lsÍfukah length of crank l line of action of the foot push
^4& t,a,d we;s nr wvq lsÍfukah
^5& wj,ïnk ,laIHh ol=Kg f.h hdfukah
77. ^a& n,hl >Q¾Kh hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾o @ ^a& oKav ;sriaj we;s úg welaI,h jgd >Q¾Kh'
^b& oKav ;srig 600 la wdk; úg welaI,h jgd
^b& my; tla tla wjia:dfõ § O wlaIh jgd § we;s >Q¾Kh fidhkak'
F n,h u`.ska we;slrk >Q¾Kfha úYd,;ajh
iy ÈYdj ,nd.kak'
a 79. úYd,;ajh 60N ne.ska jk tlsfklg m%;súreoaO n,
^i& O 2m folla mr;rhla we;s j jia;=jla u; l%shd lrhs'
fuu n, folska ieÈ n, hq.aufha >Q¾Kh fidhkak'
F

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

18
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

Silver Wings 85. O ,laIHh jgd F n,h u`.ska we;s lrkq ,nk n,
>Q¾Kh jkqfha"
80. jdudj¾;j 9 Nm >Q¾Khla ,nd .; yelafla"
(1) 72 Nm
(2) 144 Nm 12 N
3N 1m ´ 8m O
(3) 60 Nm
^1& ^2& O 30 0
(4) 36 Nm 12 m
O
3m 4N 2N (5) 288 Nm

O 4N 6N
^3& 2m ´ 4m ^4& 86. úYd,;ajh iudk tal;, n, myla rEmfha fmkajd we;s
O mßÈ O kï ,laIHhlg idfmalaIj fjkia ia:dkj,
0
30 ´
2m
5N msysgd we;s wxY= ^1 - 5& u; fjk fjku l%shd lrhs' O
,laIHh jgd n,fhys jHdj¾;fha úYd,;ajh Wmßu
^5& 2m ´ 2m jk wxY+j jkafka"
600 O 600 F F
4N 6N ^1& 1 1
^2& 2 2
81. oKav t,a,d we;s ;ka;=jg 5N ks;H wd;;shla ,nd foa' ^3& 3 5
^4& 4 3 F
túg x ,laIHh jgd >Q¾Kj, ùc ftlHh oelafjkqfha" ^5& 5 O
F 4
^1& 24 N 4N 3N
3m F
^2& 0N 2m (2011-03)
^3& 19 N
^4& 5N x 2m 87. ;=kS ;eáhlg tys flakaøh O yryd ;eáfha ;,hg
1500
^5& 17 N 4N 6N
,ïNj .uka lrk wlaIhla jgd N%uKh ùug ksoyi
we;' fuu ;eáh u; rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ iudk
82. O ,CIHh jgd iïmQhqla; >Q¾Kh jkqfha" úYd,;ajhlska hq;= tal;, n, myla ^1-5& l%shd lrhs' n,
u`.ska we;s lrkq ,nk jHj¾;h ms<sn`oj lr we;s my;
(1) O 3f m%ldY i,ld n,kak'
a a F
(2) 3 fa f F
(3) 3 fa a F
(4) fa a/2 2
2f 1
(5) 2 fa
f O 3
4
83. n, hq.auhla f,i ie,lsh yelafla" F 5 F
(1) (2) (A) Wmßu jHj¾;h we;s lrkq ,nkafka fojk n,h
10 N 5m 5m u.sks'
5N 5N 5N (B) iïm%hqla; jHj¾;h ksid ;eáfha we;s jk N%uKh
olaIsKdj¾; ÈYdjg fõ'
(C) n,hkaf.a úYd,;ajh fo.=K l< úg iïm%hqla;
(3) (4) jHdj¾;h o fo.=K fõ'
5N 5m 5N 5N
5N 5m by; m%ldY w;=frka"

^1& A muKla i;H fõ'

(5) ^2& B muKla i;H fõ'
5N 5m ^3& C muKla i;H fõ'
5N ^4& B iy C muKla i;H fõ'
^5& A, B iy C ish,a,u i;H fõ'
84. my; n, hq.aufha n, >Q¾Kh jkqfha" (2011-36)

(1) 400 Nm
(2) 100 Nm 5m 5m
(3) 200 Nm
(4) 50 Nm 20 N
(5) 250 Nm

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

19
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

88. nr 2.0N jQ taldldr óg¾ rE,la tys tla fl<jrl isg '
0.7m ÿßka új¾;ks lr we;s w;r wfkla fl<jßka R3 R3 R
rEmfha oelafjk mßÈ 5.0N Ndrhla t,a,d we;' oeka R2 R2
óg¾ rE, ;sria ;,fha msysgk úg tau; l%shd lrk
iïm%hqla; N%uK >Q¾Kfhys w.h jkqfha" mg mg mg
R4 R
1.0m R4
^1& Y=kHh R1 R1
^2& 0.15 Nm 0.7m
^3& 1.1Nm (3) (4) (5)
^4& 1.5Nm
^5& 1.8Nm 92. rEmfha mßÈ ú,anefrdaj ^Wheel barrow& F isria n,h
u`.ska Tijdf.k isà' F n,h iy fmd<fjka tys frdao
5N u; we;s lrk n,h fidhkak'
89. by; olajd we;s moaO;sh iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S kï" f
n,fha úYd,;ajh jkqfha" pivol
F
^1& 2N 0.6 m
^2& 10 N
^3& 5N
^4& 20 N 1.6 m R
^5& 2.5 N W 200 N

90. n, >Q¾K uq,O¾uh weiqfrka fkdokakd Ndrhl w.h 93. ^a& n, hq.auhla hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾o@ n,
fidhd.; yel' tys§ isÿlrkq ,nk mÍCIKd;aul hq.auhl >Q¾Kh fldmuKo@
mshjr lsysmhla my; olajd we;' tajdhska i;H m%ldY
jkqfha"
(a) fuu mÍCIKfha§ óg¾ fldaÿfõ .=re;aj
flakaøfhka óg¾ fldaÿj ix;=,kh lr.ekSfuka
óg¾ fldaÿfõ nfrka we;sjk n,mEu u`. yrjd
.; yel'
(b) fuys§ okakd Ndrhg mj;sk ÿr iu`. fkdokakd ^b& fuys ±lafjkqfha jia;=jla u; l%shdlrk n,
Ndrhg we;s ÿr fjkia lrñka w`Èk ,o m%ia:drfha hq.auhls' A, B, C, D yd O ,laIh jgd n, hq.aufha
>Q¾Kh fidhkak' ,efnk ms<s;=re wkqj Tng n,
wkql%uKh okakd Ndrfha ialkaOfhka .=K hq.auhl >Q¾Kfha úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj ms<sn|
lsÍfuka fkdokakd Ndrfha ialkaOh fidhd .; l=uk ks.ukhlg t<ôh yelso @
yel'
94. rEmfha mßÈ moaO;sh iu;=,s;j we;akï F1 yd F2
(c) óg¾ fldaÿfõ ialkaOh fiùug wjYH kï" th m%;sl%shd n, fidhkak'
tys .=re;aj flakaøfhka ix;=,kh l< hq;=h'

^1& a muKs' ^2& a, b muKs'

^3& b muKs' ^4& a, c muKs'
^5& a, b, c ish,a,u h'
91. ksjerÈ f,i iú lrk ,o fodrl ksoyia n, rEm
igyk ksjerÈj ±lajkqfha" ^>Q¾Kfhka miq& 95. rEmfha mßÈ 100N nr taldldr oKav ;sria j iu;=,s;j
we;' msyshdodrfhka we;s jk m%;sl%shd n,h" ^FR iy x
ÿr fidhkak&
R2 R2
R3
R3
mg mg
R1 R1
R4 R4

(1) (2)

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

20
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

96. by; rEm j, mßÈ taldldr o~q ;sriaj iu;=,s;j 101. moaO;sfha iïm%hqla; >q¾Kh Y=kHla úug fhÈh hq;=
we;akï" F yd x w.hka fidhkak' isria n,h 50N kï th A ,CIHfha isg fldmuK
ÿrlska fhÈh hq;=o@ ^oKav ieye,a¨ fõ'&

10kg 50kg

}
}
8m 2m

(1) A g ol=Kska 4m ÿßka isriaj my<g

(2) A g jï miska 4m ÿßka isriaj by<g
(3) A g ol=Kq me;af;ka 8m ÿßka isriaj my<g
97. ^i& n, hq.auhla hkqfjka woyia flfrkafka l=ulao @ (4) A g jï miska isriaj by<g 2m ÿßka
(5) A g ol=Kq miska isriaj by<g 2m ÿßka
^ii& PQRS kï jQ iDcq fldaKdi%dldr ;yvqfõ PQ yd
SR mdo Èf.a m%;súreoaO w;g 100 N n, ls%hdlrhs' 102. 30 KN nßka hqla; jQ fÜ%,rhla X ,laIHfha § leí
PQ = 3m yd QR = 5m kï ;yvqj flfrys r:hlg iïnkaO lr ;sfí' fÜ%,rh rEmfha mßÈ 20 KN
ls%hdlrk fuu n, hq.aufha >Q¾Kh fidhkak' nrla f.k hkafka kï X ,laIHfha § leí r:h u`.ska
;jo ;yvqj iu;=,s;j mj;ajd .ekSug QR yd PS fÜ%,rh u; fhdok Wvql=re n,h jkqfha"
mdo Tiafia l=uk m%;súreoaO n, ls%hd l<hq;=o @ X
^1& 15 KN trailer Cab
98. rEmfha mßÈ w nr taldldr oKav ;sria iu;=,s;j ;nd ^2& 20 KN
we;af;a" ;srig 300 la wdk; ;ka ; = j la u.s k s ' P ^3& 30 KN
,CIfha m%;sl%shdj ^FRH yd FRV j, iïm%hqla;h& iy ^4& 40 KN 20 KN 30 KN
;ka;=fõ wd;;sh fidhkak' ^5& 50 KN
5 m5 m 10 m

103 iSfida tlla u; isák .eyeKq <ufhl=f.a iy msßñ

<ufhll=f.a rEmhla my; olajd we;'
3L /4 iSfidaj iaÓ;sl iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S kï" my; i`oyka
m%ldY w;=frka ksjerÈ m%ldYh jkafka"
L
w

Gold Wings
99. È. L jQ taldldr oKavla x yd y kï wdOdrl folla u;
rEmfha oelafjk mßÈ r|jd we;' x ysoS oKav u;
l%shdlrk n,h Fx yd y ysoS oKav u; l%shd lrk n,h Fy
kï Fx/ Fy wkqmd;h iudk jkqfha"
^1& .eyeKq <uhdf.a yd msßñ <uhdf.a nr w;r
^1& 1/4 Fx wkqmd;h 3 : 4 ls'
^2& 1/2 Fy ^2& .eyeKq <uhd yd msßñ <uhd iudk fõ.j,ska 0
^3& 1 ,CIh foig meñfKkafka kï" moaO;sh iu;=,s;j
mej;sh yel'
^4& 3/2 3/4L ^3& .eyeKq <uhd yd msßñ <uhd iudk fõ.j,ska 0
1/4L
^5& 2 X Y ,CIfhka bj;g .uka lf,a kï" moa O ;s h
iu;=,s;j mej;sh yel'
100.nr 100N iy È. L jk AB taldldr oKav B ^4& .eyeKq <uhd yd msßñ <uhd Tyqkaf.a fõ. w;r
fl,jfrys isg x ÿßka jQ C wdOdrlhla u; ix;=,kh wkqmd;h 3 : 4 la jk mßÈ 0 ,CIh foig fyda 0
lr we;af;a" A yd B fofl,jßka 200N iy 450N ,CIfhka bj;g .uka lrkafka kï moaO;sh
iu;=,s;j mej;sh yel'
Ndrhka folla t,aùfuks' x iudk jkafka" ^5& msßñ <uhd" .eyeKq <uhd foig tkúg .eyeKq
<uhd msßñ <uhdf.ka bj;g .uka lrhs kï"
^1& L/6 ^2& L/4 moaO;sh iu;=,s; úh yel'
^3& L/3 ^4& L/2
^5& 2L/ 3

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

21
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

104.È. 20m iy nr 500kg jk AB taldlr ;sria md,ula
tys fofl,jr jQ wdOdrl folla u; r|jd we;' 100kg
n/;s fudag¾ ihsl,hla A flf,jf¾ isg 5m ÿßka
kj;d we;s úg" tla tla wdOdrlh u; we;sjk m%;sl%shd
ms<sfj,ska kg j,ska"
109. i¾jiu ,Kq follska ;sria f,i w,a,k ,o taldldr
,S mrd,hla u; isgf.k isák 60 kg ialkaOhlska hq;=
ñksfila ì;a;shl ;Ska; wdf,am lrhs' mrd,fha
ialkaOh 20 kg ls' ñksidg wdrlaIdldÍ f,i A iy B
w;r .uka lsÍug yels jk f,i tla tla ,Kqj u`.ska
ord .;hq;= wju wd;;s n,h l=ula o@

^1& 300, 300 ^2& 200, 400 ^1& 100 N

^3& 325, 275 ^4& 250, 350 ^2& 400 N
^5& 375, 225 ^3& 600 N
^4& 700 N
105.jia;=jl ialkaOh fiùu i|yd tlsfklg wiudk ^5& 800 N A B
ndyq we;s ;=,djla Ndú;d lrk ,oS' jia;=j jï iy
ol=Kq ;eá j, ;enQ úg ika;=,kh lsÍu i|yd m1 yd (2013-16)
m2 ialkaO wjYH fõ' jia;=fõ ksrjoH ialkaOh 110. rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ wrh R yd ialkaOh M jQ
jD;a;dldr ldishla Wi R jQ .eÜgl iam¾Y jk fia
^1& m1 + m2 ^2& 2 m1 + m2 ;ndwe;' ldish .eÜfgka Wvg we§u i`oyd wjYH ;sria
^3& m1 x m2 ^4& m1 + m2 / 2 n,h F ys wju n,h" F
^5& m1 x m2/ m1 + m2
^1& Mg
106.ieye,a¨ o`vq follg ;ka;= u.ska wEod we;s ABC 2
jia;+ka ;=kl ie,eiaula rEmfha fmkajd we;' jia;+ka ^2& Mg R
yd wdOdrl ;ka;= w;r ÿr m%udK rEmfha olajd we;' A 2
ys ialkaOh 10g kï ieleiau rEmigyfka oelafjk ^3& Mg
F
wdldrhg iu;=,s;;djfha mej;Su i|yd c ys ialkaOh ^4& 2 Mg
úh hq;af;a" ^5& 2 Mg
(2006-08)
2cm 6cm
^1& 5g
^2& 10g
^3& 15g 4cm 8cm
C
^4& 20g 111. rEmfha fmkajd we;s mrsos A, B iy C hk ialkaO ;=kla
^5& 30g A B
;sria yria o~q u.ska t,a,d we;' tla tla yria oKafâ
ialkaOh fkdi,ld yersh yel' A ys ialkaOh 6 kg kï
107. È. L jQ taldldÍ n/;s ,E,a,la ,E,af,a wka;j, isg B yd C ys ialkaOh ms<sfj<ska"
L/8 yd L/4 ÿrl§ jQ F1 yd F2 n,hka wdOdrfhka msysgd 1) 1.0 kg ; 1.0 kg
x 3x
;sfí' F1 : F2 wkqmd;h jkafka" 2) 1.5 kg ; 0.5 kg
L 3) 3.0 kg ; 1.0 kg y 3y
^1& 2 : 5 4) 0.5 kg ; 1.5 kg A
L/8 L/4
^2& 3 : 5 5) 1.5 kg ; 1.0 kg B C
^3& 5 : 8 (2003-48)
^4& 2 : 3 Plank
^5& 3 : 2 F F 112. ÿkq ;rdÈhla u`.ska ialkaOh M jQ taldldr oKavla" tys
1 2
uOH ,CIfhka t,a,d we;' m1 iy m2 (m2>m1) jQ
108. È. l jk taldldr fkdjk oKavla rEmfha fmfkk ialkaO folla oKafâ fofl<jr ;nd we;' rEmfha
mßÈ O msyshd odrhla u; ;nd kQ,lska t,ajd iu;=,s;j fmfkk mßÈ B fl,jfrys ;nk ,o l+`Coa`Cohla
;nd we;' ms<sfj,ska W yd M ialkaO folla wdOdrfhka oKav ;sriaj ;nd we;' ÿkq ;rdÈfha
fofl,jr rEmfha mßÈ t,ajd we;' oKafâ ialkaOh m mdGdxlh jkqfha"
fõ' ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh fokqfha"
a b (1) 0
(2) m1 g
mg (3) (M+m1) g m1 m2
W M
(4) (M+2m1)g
C
(5) (M+m1+m2)g A B
^1& Tc = mgb + Wag - Mg(c-a)
^2& Wga = mgb + Tc - Mg(l-a)
^3& Tc + Wga = Mg(l-a) + mgb
(2001-40)
^4& Tc = Wga - mgb - Mg(l-a)
^5& by; lsisjla fkdfõ'

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

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Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

113..rEmfha mßÈ frdaoh .eÜglska fmr,Sug nr W frdaoh <uhska fofokdf.a p,s;h ms<sn`o j lr we;s my;
u; ;sriaj fhÈh hq;= wju n,h F ys w.h jkafka" i`oyka m%ldY i,ld n,kak'

^1& W (2R-y)y ´kEu t ld,hl§ iu;=,s;;dj mj;ajd .ekSu i`oyd"

2R-y F
(A) Tjqka iEu úgu m%;súreoaO ÈYd Tiafia .uka l<
^2& W (2R-y)y R hq;=h'
R
(B) Tjqka ieu úgu Tjqkaf.a uq¿ f¾Çh .uH;dj
W R-y W Y+kH jk fia mj;ajd .ksñka .uka l< hq;=h'
^3& R (C) tla <ufhl= O jgd we;s lrkq ,nk >Q¾Kh
y
wfkla <uhd úiska O jgd we;s lrkq ,nk
2W (R-y) >Q¾Kh iy m%;súreoaO jk wdldrhg Tjqka iEu
^4& úgu .uka l< hq;=h'
R
by; m%ldY w;=ßka"
^5& Ry
W ^1& A muKla i;H fõ'
114. ialkaOh M jQ is,skavrhl wrh R fõ' th h Wi ^2& B muKla i;H fõ'
isfuka;s mähla u;g kexùu i`oyd fmkajd we;s A iy ^3& A iy BmuKla i;H fõ'
B fjk fjku F1 yd F2 hï ;sria n, 2 la wjia:d ^4& B iy C muKla i;H fõ'
foll§ fhdohs' ^5& A, B iy C ish,a,u i;H fõ'
F1/F2 jkafka" F2 (2016-29)
117. mÍCIKhl§ my; wdldrhg 16 kg yd 4 kg ialkaO
^1& R/h F1 iuÕ fjk fjku m ialkaOhla Ndú;d lrñka
^2& h/R-h R
^3& R-h/h oKavla iu;=,s; lr ;sfí' m ys w.h jkqfha"
h
^4& (2R-h)/(R-h) l1 l2 l1 l2
^5& (2R+h)/R
115. taldldr M ialkaOhla iys; oKavl tla fl<jrl m
ialkaOhla ;nd we;s w;r wfkla fl<jßka yd uOH 16kg m
m mm 4kg
,laIfhka rEmfha mßÈ ÿKq ;rdÈ folla wdOdr lr
.ksñka oKav ;sriaj ix;=,kh lr we;' ;rdÈj,
mdGdxl rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ R1 yd R2 fõ kï" R1 / ^1& 10 kg ^2& 6 kg
R2 w.h iudk jkqfha" ^3& 8 kg ^4& 12 kg
^5& 18 kg
M
^1& m 118. .fvd,a y;rla È. l ne.skajk w;r rEmfha mßÈ tajd
R1 tl u; tl ;nd we;af;a my< we;s .fvd,g jvd
^2& M + m by, we;s .fvd, bÈßh fkrd §¾> jk mßÈh'
m m moaO;ssh iu;=,s;;djfha mj;sk mßÈ my<u we;s
^3& M + m .fvdf,a ol=Kq odrfha isg by<u we;s .fvdf,a ol=Kq
M odrhg ;sìh yels Wmßu ;sria ÿr jkqfha"
^4& M + 2m
m l
^5& M + 2m R2 ^1& l
2m 12 I
^2& l
6 II
^3& 5l III
116..rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ ialkaOh m1 yd m2 jk <uhs 6
fofofkla" o .=re;aj flakaøfha iu;=,s; lr we;s ^4& l IV
taldldr oKvla u; iu;=,s;j isgf.k isá;s' bkamiq
oKafâ ;ssria iu;=,s;;dj mj;ajd .ksñka TjqyQ oKav 11l
^5& 12
u; ms<sfj,ska V1 yd V2 ;sh; fõ.j,ska tljru p,s;
ùug mgka .ks;s'

O
m1 m2

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

23
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

119. rEmfha mßÈ moa O ;s h iu;= , s ; j we;' 3 jk 123. rEmh u.ska ñksia ll=,l my< fldgfia wiaÓj,
l=re,a,df.a nr 1.4 N jk w;r" taldldr ;sria jHqyh oelafõ' ll=f,a my< fldgi yd há wäh tys
oKavl nr 0.5 N ne.ska fõ' oelafõ' fmd<fõ P ia:dkfha § muKla .eà mj;sk
mßÈ ú¨U Tijdf.k bkakd wjia:dfõ udxY fmaYSka A
ia:dkhg iïnkaO jk w;r" my< fldgfia wiaÓ B ys
§ iïnkaO fõ' B ys § yd A ys § we;s jk n, u`.ska
YÍrfha nr"
2L/3 L/3

L/2 L/2

^i& 1 iy 2 l=re,a,df.a nr fidhkak'

^ii&by<skau we;s ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh fldmuKfõo @
120. m ialkaOhla iysl taldldr l È.e;s oKAvla iudk
È.e;s ;ka;= 2 la u.ska rEmfha mßÈ t,ajd we;'
;ka;=j, wd;;sh fidhkak'

^a& ll=f,a wäh muKla ie,ls,a,g .;a úg th by;

3l / 4
A B
121. W n/;s nd,alhl fofl,jr oDV wdOdrl folla u;
;sriaj iu;=,s;j ;nd we;' nd,alfha È. L fõ'
nd,alfha jï fl,jr isg L / 4 l ÿßka W n/;s
>Khla ;nd we;' wdOdrl u.ska we;s jk m%;sl%shd
fidhkak'
W W
A B
mßÈ rEmhlska oelaúh yelsh' A ys § udxY fmaYSka
l/4
u.ska we;s lrk n,h F1 o B ys § my; wiaÓ u.ska
we;s lrk n,h F2 o P ys § fmd<fjka we;s lrk
n,h R o fõ' tu rEmfha tu n, l%shd lrk ÈYdjka
w`Èkak'
^b& ñksidf.a uq¿ nr 700 N kï F1 n,h fldmuK o @
^c& túg F2 n,h fldmuK o @
124. (a) 2 m È. 20 kg nr taldldr ,E,a,la A yd B
wdOdrl folla u; ;nd we;' B wdOdrlh u; isák
40 kg ialkaOhla we;s <ufhla ieye,a¨ oKavla
u`.ska 10 kg nr f.da,hla ,E,a, Èf.a ;,a¨ lrhs'

L/4
L/2
L

122. 40 kg nr taldldr oKav P yS § wiõ lr we;s w;r" A B

20cm 80cm
oKav iu;=,s;j mj;S' ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh iy P
wiõfõ m%;sls%hdj fidhkak'
L/4 (i) ,E,a, oCIsKdj¾: >Q¾Khlg ,la fkdjk
f,i f.da,h ;,a¨ l< yels Wmßu ÿr
fldmuK o@
3L/4 2000 N (ii) tu wjia:dfõ§ B wdOdrlh u.ska oKav u;
we;s lrk isria n,h fldmuK o@
600
P 300
600
600
400 N
FRH 0
2000 N
60
P
FRV

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

24
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

125. Wi 4m m<, 1m o ialkaOh 50 kg o jQ fodrla wiõ 2 129.^i& fuys ±lafjkqfha jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk tal;, n,
u`.ska iúfldg we;' tla tla wiõjla fl<jr isg moaO;shls' A, B, C yd D ,CIH jgd n, moaO;sfha
1m ÿßka mj;S' wiõ u`.ska fodr u; fhdok olaIsKdj¾; >Q¾K fidhkak' ^mdohl È. 2 m&
n,hkaf.a úYd,;ajh iudk fõ kï wiõjla u`.ska
fodr u; fhdok n,h fidhkak'
DOOR
1m

4.0 m Hinges

1m ^ii& ABC iumdo ;%sfldaKfha mdohla 2m fõ' jia;=jla

1m
126.me;a;la 0.5m jk iup;=ri%dldr yria lvlska hq;a Wi
1m jk RcqfldaKdi%dldr f,day fmÜáhla ;sria
fïihla u; ;nd we;' fmÜáfha ialkaOh 50kg fõ'
tla RcqfldaKdi% uqyqK;l wlaIh u;" fïi mDIaGfha
isg 0.75m Wilska msysá ,CIHhloS fmÜáfhka bj;g
fhdokq ,nk F ;sria n,hlska fmÜáh tys odrhla jgd
yerùu i|yd F n,hg ;sìh yels wvqu w.h fidhkak'
127. rEmfha mßÈ t,a ^L& wl=rl yevhg ;kk ,o oKav
t,a,d we;s w;r" th isria ;,hl iu;=,s;j mj;S' Tan
q = 1 / 4 nj fmkajkak'
FR
u; l%shd lrk tal;, n, moaO;shla fuys ±lafõ' A,
B, C yd D jgd n, moaO;sfha oCIsKdj¾; >Q¾K
fidhkak'
^iii& jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk tal;, n, moaO;shla rEmfha
mßÈ mdohl È. 4m yd m<, 3m RcqfldaKdi%hl mdo
Tiafia l%shdlrhs'
A, B, C, D ,laIhka jgd n, moaO;sh u.ska
we;slrk >Q¾Kfhka ùc ftlHh fjk fjku
fidhkak'

A
q

q L
L/2
q
90-q ^iv& P iy Ö3P jk n, folla rEmfha mßÈ" mdohl È. a jk
gL
ABCD iup;=ri%fha C iy D ,laIh u; l%shdlrhs' A
L ,laIh jgd iïm%hqla; >Q¾Kh fldmuK o@
q A C
2gL

3P
128. rEmfha ±lafjkafka jia;=jla u; l%shdlrk n,
moaO;shl l%shd f¾Ldjkah'

^i& A, B, C, D yd O ,CIh jgd n, moaO;sfha >Q¾K B

j, ùÔh ftlHh fidhkak' D
^ii& n, moaO;sfha iïm%hqla;h úYd,;ajh" ÈYdj iy 130.>Q¾K uQ,O¾uh u`.ska fkdokakd Ndrhl w.h fiùug
l%shd f¾Ldj fidhkak' yd óg¾ fldaÿfõ nr fiùug fhdod .kakd wegjqula
my; ±lafõ'
y x m - okakd ialkaOh
m/ - fkdokakd ialkaOh

m/ m

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

25
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

131. ^a& óg¾ fldaÿjla 50 cm ia:dkfha§ ix;=,kh ,nd

foa' 5 g ialkaOhla 12 cm ia:dkfha ;enQ úg ^a& ^i& fok ,o rEmfhys fldaÿj u; ls%hd lrk n,
ix;=,kh ,nd fok ia:dkh 45 cm § we;s fõ' ,l=Kq lrkak'
^ii& óg¾ fldaÿfõ iajNdjh .ek Tng l=ula
^i& óg¾ fldaÿfõ ialkaOh fldmuK o @ lsjyelso @
^ii& ialkaOh 20 g ne.ska jQ ms;a;, ú,s folla
^b& msys odrh tu ia:dkfhau ;nd f.k C ,laIHfhka
fofl<jr we;s úg 5 g ialkaOh ;sìh§ u ialkaOh M jk mähla o" D ,laIHfhka ialkaOh
ix;=,kh 45 cm § ,nd foa o @ W jk .,la o t,ajQ úg moaO;sh olaIsKdj¾;j
ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s lrkak' N%uKh fõ' msys odrh tu ia:dkfhau ;nd f.k
fldaÿj ;sria ix;=,kh lsÍug ., t,ajd we;s
^b& jxpksl fjf<kafol=f.a ;rdÈfha oKafâ È. 51 ia:dkh úia:dmkh l< hq;af;a l=uk ÈYdjlgo @
cm la jk w;r új¾;k ,laIHh jï fl<jf¾ Tfí ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s lrkak'
isg 26 cm ÿßka fõ' tys ix;=,kh jk ;sria A C l1 0 l2 D B
msysàu ,ndf.k we;af;a lsishï me;a;lg .,a
leghla tla lsÍfuks'
^c& by; wjia:dj ,nd .ekSu i`oyd ., t,aúh hq;=
^i& jïmi ;=,d ;eáhg ;rdÈ mä oeófuka nvq ,ËHh D1 kï túg OC = l1, OD1 = l2 fjhs'
lsrk úg ialkaOh fjkia ùfï m%;sY;h
fldmuK o@ ^d& by; ^c& wdldrhg fldaÿj ix;=,kh fldg l1 yd l2
^ii& ol=Kq mi ;=,d ;eáhg ;rdÈ mä oeófuka i`oyd ,nd .;a mdGdxlh lSmhla my; j.=fõ
nvq lsrk úg ialkaOh fjkia ùfï oelafõ' l1 iajdh;a; úp,H f,i f.k W .Kkh
m%;sY;h fldmuKo @ lsÍug wjYH m%ia;drh w`Èkak'
^iii& tu ;rdÈfha iSks 1 kg la by; wdldr folg
lsrk úg mdßfNda.slhdg jdishla jkafka
l=uk wjia:dfõ§ o hkak meyeÈ,s lrkak'
l1 cm l2 cm
^c& by; uq,a wjia:dfõ § msysá fldaÿfõ ix;=,kh
^fldaÿj muKla& 48 cm ys ;nk msys;=vla u; isÿ 20 16.0
fõ' fldaÿfõ 10 cm wi,ska 20 g ialkaOhla t,aÆ 30 24.0
úg kej; msys ;=v u; ix;=,kh 43 cm § isÿ fõ' 40 32.0
ta wkqj fldaÿfõ ialkaOh fidhkak' 50 40.0

^d& tu fldaÿj taldldr tlla hehs is;+ <ufhla 50

cm wi, msys;=v ;nd ol=Kq miska fkdokakd
ialkaOh 72 cm wi, o" jï mi 20 cm wi, 50 g
ialkaOh ;nd ix;=,k ,nd .kakd ,§'
^e& M = 100 g f,i f.k m%ia;drh fhdod .ksñka W
.Kkh lrkak'
^i& fkdoka k d ia l ka O fha ifodia w.h
fldmuK o @ ^f& msys odrh" fldaÿfõ uOH ,laIHfhys ;nd f.k l1
^ii& fkdoka k d ia l ka O fhys ks f odia w.h yd l2 i`oyd mdGdxl lSmhla YSIHfhla ,nd .kS'
fldmuK o @ túg fldaÿfõ iu;=,s;;dj i`oyd >Q¾K
^iii& ialkaO t,a,Su i`oyd fhdod .kakd kQ,a iólrKh ,shkak' Tn Ndú;d lrk wu;r rdYS
lene,af,a ialkaOh ksid isÿjk fodaI u. wef;d;a y`ÿkajkak'
yrjd .ekSu i`oyd tl iudk ialkaO we;s
kQ,a len,s Ndú;d lr tajd t,a,Sug iqÿiq 50 cm
hehs YsIHfhla fhdackd lrhs' fuu woyi
yd Tn tl`. jkafka o @ ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s l1 l2
lrkak'
132. óg¾ fldaÿjla" msys odrhla u; ;sriaj ix;=,kh fldg
we;s wjia:djla rEmfha olajd we;' túg O u; óg¾
fldaÿfõ lshùu 52 cm fõ' ^g& by; ^f& fldgfia mdGdxl j,g wkqrEm jk
m%ia;drfha o< yevh w`Èkak'
0 52 cm 100 cm
A B

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

26
Advanced Level PHYSICS Force equilibrium

^h& fldaÿfõ ialkaOh m%ia;drh weiqfrka ,nd .kafka

flfiao @

^i& mÍlaIKh i`oyd Ndú;d lrk ;=,d mäfha

ialkaOh" .f,a ialkaOhg wdikak f,i
iudk jQ úg ie,fik jdis folla i`oyka
lrkak'
133.n, iudka;rdi% uQ,O¾uh i;Hdmkh lsÍu i|yd
mdi,a mÍCIKd.drhla ;=< § Ndú; lrkq ,nk
ieleiaula rEmfha ±lafõ'

A - iqug l=vd lmams

B - ieye,a¨ ;ka;=j
C - iqÿ lvodishla
D - ieye,a¨ ;rdÈ ;eá
P, Q iy R - Ndr

A A

C
1cm

D D
D

Q
R R
134. X kï taldldr fkdjk isyska oKavla rEmfha
(a) fuu mÍCIKh ksjerÈj isÿ lsÍu i|yd wjYH
wfkl=;a whs;ïj, ,ehsia;=jla fokak'
(b) lmamsj, >¾IKh fkdi,ld yeßh yels ±hs Tn
mÍCId lrkqfha flfia o@
(c) by; ieleiau Tn yg ilid § we;akï uQ,O¾uh
i;Hdmkh lsÍu i|yd Tn fhdod .kakd mshjr
¨yqäka olajkak'
(d) fuu mÍCIKfha § ieye,a¨ ;ka;= Ndú;d l<
hq;=h" fuhg fya;=j l=ula o@
(e) iudka;rdi%h ksjerÈj iïmQ¾K lsÍfuka miqj
wod< úl¾Kfha ÈYdj yßhgu isria fkdjk nj
YsIHfhl=g fmkS .sfha h' fuhg fya;=jla fokak'
(f) ;=,d ;eá ieye,a¨ fkdfõ kï fuu mÍCIKh
ksjerÈj isÿ lsÍu i|yd Tn l< hq;af;a l=ula o@
(g) YsIHfhl= úiska fuu ieleiqu" .,l nr fiùu
i|yd Ndú; lrk ,§' n, iudka;rdi%fha wod<
me;s rEmfha fmkajd we;' .f,ys nr w.hkak'
(1cm = 1N)
Advanced Level PHYSICS
(2005)
oelafjk wdldrhg A iy B ÿkq ;rdÈ folla u`.ska
t,ajd we;'
A B
X
x
oKafâ ialkaOh 1 kg jk w;r tys È. 1 m fõ' 1 kg
ialkaOhla" A ;rdÈh u`.ska t,ajQ fl<jf¾ isg x
ÿrlska" oKafâ t,ajd we;' oKav ;sriaj ;nd we;s úg
§ x ys w.h 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm iy 80 cm jk úg B
ys mdGdxlh ms<sfj<ska 0.9 kg, 1.1 kg, 1.3 kg iy 1.5
kg nj fidhd .kakd ,§' X iu`. B ys mdGdxlh
fjkia jk whqreo" X iu`. A ys mdGdxlh fjkia jk
whqreo oelaùu i`oyd m%ia;drh ne.ska ^tlu m%ia;dr
lvodisfha& w`Èkak' tkhska x ys .=re;aj flakaøh
ks¾Kh lrkak' Tn úiska Ndú;d lrk ,o ;¾l
meyeÈ,s j m%ldY lrkak' oeka 1 kg Ndrh bj;a lr x
g iudk ialkaOhla iy È.la we;s Y kï ;j;a
taldldr fkdjk isyska oKavla tajdfhys wË
iudka;r jk mßÈ X u; isák whqßka ÿkq ;rdÈ
u`.ska t,ajk ,§' túg B ;rdÈfha mdGdxlh 0.65 kg
kï Y ys .=re;aj flakaøh Tn úiska w`Èk ,o m%ia;dr
Ndú;d lr ks¾Kh lrkak'
(1988)
Dr. Darshana Ukuwela
27