MIND

Surface Areas and Volumes

Surface Area Volume

Surface area of a solid body is the Space occupied by an object/solid
area of all of its surfaces together and body is called the volume of that
it is always measured in square unit. particular object/solid. Volume is
always measured in cube unit.

Surface Area and Volume Conversion of Solid from Frustum of a Cone

of Combination of Solids
Whenever we have to find the surface area of a
solid, which is a combination of other solids, we
add the curved surface area of individual solids
and for finding the volume of this solid, we add the
volume of individual solid.
In calculating the surface area, we have not added
the surface areas of the two individual solids
because some part of the surface area disappeared
in the process of joining them. But this will not be the
case when we calculate the volume.
One Shape to Another
Sometimes, we need to convert solid of
one shape to another. When we come
across objects which are converted from
one shape to another or when a liquid
which originally filled in one container of a
particular shape is poured into another
container of a different shape or size, the
volume remains same.
If a right circular cone is cut-off by a plane parallel to its
base, then the portion of the cone between the cutting
plane and the base of the cone is called a frustum of the
cone.
Height of frustum The height or thickness of a frustum
is the perpendicular distance between its two circular
bases.
Slant height of frustum The slant height of a frustum of
a right circular cone is the length of the line segment
which is obtained by joining the end points of two
parallel radii, drawn in the same direction of the two
circular bases.

Important Results or Formulae

1. If solid (or solids) of one shape is converted into solid
(or solids) of another shape, then
Total volume of the solids to be converted Area of the Metal Sheet Formulae Related
= Total volume of the solids into which the given used to Make a Bucket to Frustum of a Cone
solids is (are) to be converted Let h be the height or depth, l be the Let h be the height, l be the slant
2. Number of solids of a given shape in which a given slant height, r1 be the radius of top height and r1 and r2 be the radii
solid is to be converted which is open and r2 be the radius of the of the ends (r1> r2) of the
Total volume of the solid to be converted bottom which is closed, of a bucket frustum of a cone. Then,
= which is in the shape of a frustum of a 1. Volume of the frustum of the
Volume of one converted solid right circular hollow cone. cone
3. Volume of the material of a spherical shell top 1
(or hollow sphere) r1 = ph(r12 + r22 + r1r2)
3
4
= p(R 3 – r 3 ) cu units
3 2. The curved surface area of
where, R = outer radius and r = inner radius the frustum of the cone
4. Volume of the material of a cylindrical shell h = p (r1 + r2)l
l
(or hollow cylinder) where, l = Öh2 + (r1 – r2)2
= ph(R2 – r2) cu units
3. Total surface area of the
where, R = external radius and r = internal radius r2 frustum of the cone
Bottom
= p l(r1+r2) +pr12 + pr22
Area of the metal sheet used for making
the bucket where, l = Öh2 + (r1 – r2)2
= Outer (or inner) curved surface area