1

∆Φ = 0
"
# $

% &
$

' (
!

∇ ⋅ A dxdydz = − A ⋅ Nds %)&

D Σ

)
A N
* A = F ∇G − G ∇ F ' +

∆F = 0, ∆G = 0 ' !

∇ ⋅ A = ∇F ⋅ ∇G + F ∆G − G ∆F − ∇F ⋅ ∇G = 0
, ' $ %)&'

(F ∇G − G∇F ) ⋅ Nds = 0 %+&

Σ

% '
- &
$ . F = Φ, G = Φ m ' Φm
, ,
, . ( ' !
 2

Φ m = 1 log x − xP (2D)
2π

Φm = − 1 (3D)
4π x − xP

%+&
A = Φ∇Φ m − Φ m∇Φ )
$ -
'
, / 01 21 ∞1 3'

N
S∞
S
N
P

N
SB
N
SW
N
N

0 ' 3
% & '
0 ∞' 2 % 45& - %
+5& 2 ( .' Φm ∇Φ m
$ %+& (

( Φ∇Φ m − Φ m∇Φ ) ⋅ NdS = − ( Φ∇Φ m ⋅ N )dS + ( Φ m∇Φ ⋅ N )dS

S B + SW + S∞ Sε Sε
1 2

# ε → 0, como Φ y ∇Φ 2 '
( )
Φ → Φ xP , ∇Φ → ∇Φ xP ( ) , + -$ , )
 3

( )
−Φ xP , puesto que la integral ∇Φ m ⋅ NdS ,
Sε

2 , ' $
6

Φ ( xP ) = ( Φ m∇Φ − Φ∇Φ m ) ⋅ NdS %4&

S B + SW + S∞

. ' %+& 0'

# '
7 8Φ i ' ∆Φ i = 0 $

6 . , # ( $

( Φ m∇Φi − Φi∇Φ m ) ⋅ NdS = 0 %9&

SB

# N ( 0'
%4&$

: ' %4& %9&

Φ ( xP ) = ( Φm ( ∇Φ − ∇Φi ) ⋅ N − ( Φ − Φi ) ∇Φm ⋅ N )dS +

SB

+ Φ m∇Φ ⋅ N − Φ∇Φ m ⋅ N dS + ( Φm∇Φ ⋅ N − Φ∇Φ m ⋅ N )dS

SW =0 S∞
Φ
∞

∇Φ ⋅ N = ∂Φ / ∂n , 3'
∂Φ / ∂n 3 N
3$ . ' # xP → ∞ ' , ∞ !
Φ ∞ =U ∞ ( x cos α + z sin α ) $ 6
!
 4

Φ ( xP ) = ∂Φ − ∂Φ i Φ dS −
∂n ∂n m ( Φ − Φi )∇Φ m ⋅ NdS − ( Φ + − Φ − )∇Φ m ⋅ NdS +Φ ∞ %;&
SB SB SW
A B C

, ' #
+ −
Φ −Φ $

, (
Φm xS − xP ) xS '

, Φm xP
xS $ 5 ,

∂Φ − ∂Φ i $ , ∇Φ m ⋅ N
∂n ∂n
xP
xS " 0 3 % &$
, ,
, '
+ −
"N Φ − Φi Φ −Φ $

6 #
'
!

! ∂Φ = 0 %<&
∂n

( %;&

ΦP = − σΦ m d S − µ∇Φ m ⋅ N d S − ( Φ + − Φ − ) ∇Φ m ⋅ N d S + Φ∞ %=&
SB SB SW
manantiales dobletes dobletes

∂Φi
σ= , µ = Φ − Φi
∂n
. # . 0$
!
 5

! "

6 , $
%=&

5 %=& %<&' '∇Φ ⋅ N = 0 $

, ' ' ' $

! Φi
5 $ . " '
Φ i / >' $

ΦP = − µ∇Φ m ⋅ N d S − (Φ + − Φ − )∇Φ m ⋅ N d S + Φ ∞
SB SW

µ =Φ$
,' " ,
Φi = Φ 0!

∂Φ i
ΦP = − Φ dS − (Φ + − Φ − )∇Φ m ⋅ N d S + Φ ∞
∂n m
SB SW

' " Φi '

$ %)& A = ∇Φ i ∇ ⋅ A = ∆Φ i = 0 ' ,

∂Φ i
∇ ⋅ A dxdydz = 0 = A ⋅ Nds = ds
∂n
VBi SB SB

'

∂Φi
ds = 0
∂n
SB

0 0$
 6

!#

+5$

. !

Φ m ( xP ) = 1 L xS − xP
2π
x − xP
∇Φ m ( xP ) = 1 S
2π x − x 2
S P

∇Φ m ⋅ N = − cos θ
2π xS − xP % $)&

θ = a ng ( N , x p − xS )

. ' " %+5&

" , "

ei β
(
i β −θ p )
f (t P ) = = e , θ P = ang ( t P - tS , eje x )
2π ( t P − t S ) 2π t P − t S

cos ( β − θ P )
Φ(t P ) = = cos θ
2π tS − t P 2π tS − t P % $+&

θ , " $

: % $)& % $+& ∇Φ m ⋅ N
" −N $