e-

 = Fem= Fuerza
electromotriz
Carga de un
conductor al otro
por medio de una  = Fuente de poder =
fuente. batería

 V1

q1 ="+" q1 = np

+
C q1 = q2
−
FEM q2 ="−" q 2 = ne

  = Volt V = V1 − V2 = 
Ecuación del capacitor
V2
Q  Q =C

C  = F = Farads
C C
CF =
V
 + r −
r1 r2 Q
+ − − + =
 
E E E E
 + −
Área
E E
E T =0 N C  E T =0 N C 

d
EE =
 2 0
E = rˆ
0
d


V = − E dl =− ( r1 − r2 )
0

d
V =
0
ARREGLO EN PARALELO Ecuación del Capacitor

Q =C
V

  d
E = rˆ V =
0 0
+ −
 =V
E
A A Q d
=
C 0
d
Q 0 0 A
V+ V− C= =
Q C=
d A d
PLACAS
PARALELAS
ARREGLO ESFÉRICO dl
+
P2 E

R1 R2
R1

R2 P3  
+
P2

P1

−

+ − +
A1  A2
P3 P2 E E P1 E
  
r3 r2 r1  1  2
E =0 N C  E =0 N C 

kQ
E= 2
r2
 V =0V 
kQ
V= Q  1 1
r  = = kQ − 
C  R2 R1 
V = VR2 − VR1
1  R1 − R2 
=k 
kQ kQ C  R1R2 
V = −
R2 R1

R1R2 4 0 R1R2

 1 1 C= =
V = k Q −  k ( R1 − R2 ) R1 − R2
 R2 R1 

R2  R1
R1R2
C=
k ( R1 − R2 )
V ="−"
 RI

d S1
RE
Superficie gaussiana cerrada

+ rg
E

h
d S3
d S3 1.9
RE + −
d S3

d S3 d S2

RI
 r1
−
+
E
− +
E
 
+

P1 E
E =0 N C 

 EdS =  EdS1 + EdS 2 + EdS 3

 E d S3 cos = E  d S 3 = E S3

Qenc
E S 3 = 2 rg h E =
0

QTotal 2 2k Q
E =  =
2 0 rh 2 rh
 V = − E dl =−  E dl

RE RE
2kQ dr
E
V = −  dr = − 2 KQ

h
dl R hr
I R r I

kQ RE
V = −2 ln
h RI

V = 
h 2 0 h
kQ RE Q C= =
2 ln = RE RE
h RI C 2 k ln ln
RI RI
 Va

Q1 C1


V1
 Vb  Ceq

Q2 C2
V2

Vc  = V1 + V2 Q1 = Q2

Va − Vc = (Va − Vb ) + (Vb − Vc )
V1 V2
 C1

C2
  Ceq

Q = Q1 = Q2 Q = Ceq

 = V1 + V2 Q = Ceq (V1 + V2 )
Q
= = (V1 + V2 )
Ceq
1 1 1 Q1
= + Q1 Q2 Q V1 = ; Q1 = C1V1
Ceq C1 C2 + =
C1 C2 Ceq C1
Q Q Q
+ = Q2
1 n
1 C1 C2 Ceq V2 = ; Q2 = C2V2
= C2
Ceq l =1 Cl
 
Q1 Q2
 C1 C2  Ceq
V1 V2

 = V1 = V2

Q1  Q2
 C1 C2   Ceq

 = V1 = V2
Q = Q1 + Q2

Q1 + Q2 = Ceq
n
C1V1 + C2V2 = Ceq Ceq =  Cl
l =1
C1 + C2 = Ceq

Ceq = C1 + C2
 U q
q

+
−
+
− C

U =0 J
dU =  dq
q =0
C

q2
U = qV U =
2C

dU = qdV q 2 qV CV 2
U= = =
2C 2 2
q = CV
q
V=
C
1
dV = dq
C
  N  
E =    V = d
0  C  0

0 A
C= F 
d
2 Placas Planas
1  0 A    d  0 A E d
2 2

U=    =
2  d   0  2d

0 2
U= E ( Ad )
2

U 0 2
u= = E
vol 2
  = 12V
C1
C1 = 1 pF
C2 = 2 pF
C2
.
.
C3
.
C8 = 8 pF
C4 C6

 Capacitor Q(C) V(V) U(J)

1
2
C5 C7
3
4
5
6
7
C8
8
 C1

C2

C3

C4 C6

  Ceq

C5 C7

C8
 C123

n
1 1
=
Ceq i =1 Ci
C4 C6 n
Ceq =  Ci
 i =1

C5 C7

C8

C123 = C1 + C2 + C3 = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6 pF
C123 = 6 pF
 C123

 C45 C67

1 1 1 1 1 9
= + = + =
C45 C4 C5 4 5 20 pF
20
C8 C45 = pF
9
1 1 1 1 1 13
= + = + =
C67 C6 C7 6 7 42 pF
42
C45 = pF
13
 C123

 C´

C8

20 42 638
C´= C45 + C67 = + = pF = 5.452 pF
9 13 117
 Ceq

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3637
= + + = + + =
Ceq C123 C´ C8 6 638 8 7656 pF
117
7656
Ceq = pF = 2.105 pF
3637
Q = CV
Q
V=
C
QT = Ceq
 7656 
QT =  x10−12 F  (12V ) = 2.526 x10−11 C
 3637 
 1 QT2 1 ( 2.526 x10 C )
−11 2

UT = = = 1.515 x10−10 J
2 Ceq 2 7656 x10−12 F
3637

En serie:
QT = Q123 = Q´= Q8 = 2.526 x10−11 C
Q123 2.526 x10−11 C
V123 = = −12
= 4.21V
C123 6 x10 F
Q´ 2.526 x10−11 C
V ´= = = 4.63V
C´ 638 x10−12 F
117
Q8 2.526 x10−11 C
V8 = = −12
= 3.16V
C8 8 x10 F
V123 + V ´+V8 = 12V
1 Q2 1 1
U= = QV = CV 2
2 C 2 2
1 ( 2.526 x10 C )
−11 2
2
1Q −11
U8 = =8
−12
= 3.99 X 10 J
2 C8 2 8 x10 F

C45 y C67 en paralelo

V45 = V67 = V ´= 4.63V

Q45 + Q67 = Q´= 2.526 x10−11 C
 20 
Q45 = C45V45 =  x10−12 F  ( 4.63V ) = 1.029 x10−11 C
 9 
 42 
Q67 = C67V67 =  x10−12 F  ( 4.63V ) = 1.496 x10−11 C
 13 
Q45 + Q67 = 2.526 x10−11 C
C4 y C5 en serie

−11
Q45 + Q67 = 2.526 x10 C
Q4 = Q5 = Q45 = 1.029 x10−11 C
V4 + V5 = V45 = 4.63V
V1 = V2 = V3 = V123 = 4.21V
Q1 + Q2 + Q3 = Q123 = 2.526 x10−11 C
Q1 = C1V1 = (1x10−12 F ) ( 4.21V ) = 4.21x10−12 F
Q2 = C2V2 = ( 2 x10−12 F ) ( 4.21V ) = 8.42 x10−12 F
Q3 = C3V3 = ( 3x10−12 F ) ( 4.21V ) = 1.26 x10−11 F
 1 ( 4.21x10 F )
−12 2
2
1Q −12
U1 = 1
= −12
= 8.86 X 10 J
2 C1 2 1x10 F

1 ( 8.42 x10 F )
−12 2
2
1Q −11
U2 = =
2
−12
= 1.77 X 10 J
2 C2 2 2 x10 F

1 Q32 1 (1.26 x10 F )

−11 2

−11
U1 = = −12
= 2.65 X 10 J
2 C3 2 3 x10 F