Module 2

Developing the Whole Person

Aspects of Human Development

 Physical Development – refers to body and it

functioning
 Cognitive Development –refers to patterns of
thinking which include reasoning, ability to learn,
remembering and solving problems
 Self-emotional Development – refers to kind of force
from within that affects the person
 Spiritual Development- this refers to man’s nature to
search for somebody divine for love, comfort and
inspiration. Most people have in it religious
affiliations.
 Changes

❑ Physical or Physiological Changes

❑ Cognitive Changes

❑ Psycho-Social Changes

❑ Moral Changes
 Principles of Growth
Cephalocaudal Principle
- Growth from head to spine
Proximodistal Principle
- Growth from areas close to the body to
the farthest
 Periods of Development
❑ Prenatal Period (conception to birth)
❑ Infancy & Toddlerhood (birth to 2 years)
❑ Early Childhood (2 to 6 years)
❑ Middle Childhood (6 to 11 years)
❑ Adolescence (11 to 18 years)
Adolescence
 Terminology
◆ Puberty
- It is the time in which a
child’s sexual and physical
characteristics mature.
◆ Adolescence
- It is a period between
puberty and adulthood.
- It is a time of “storm and
stress” (Hall, 1904)
✓ Physical or Physiological Changes

o Cognitive Changes

o Psycho-Social Changes

o Moral Changes
 Physical Changes
❑ The overall growth of
the body because of
the growth hormone
❑ First rapid growth is
known as Growth
Spurt.
❑ Maturation of the
sexual characteristics
Maturation of Sexual Characteristics

Primary Secondary
✓ Involve reproductive ✓ Visible on the outside
systems ✓ Breast development
✓ Growth of testes and ✓ Changing voice pitch
penis ✓ Beard growth
✓ Growth of ovaries, ✓ Body hair
uterus and vagina
Primary Sex Characteristics
❑ Menarche
➢ First menstrual period
➢ Marks the girl’s sexual maturity and is
indicative of her capacity to be pregnant.

❑ Spermarche
➢ Production and release of sperm
➢ An indication that their male reproductive
organs have become mature in function.
Sexual Development in Boys
Sexual Development in Girls
o Physical or Physiological Changes

✓ Cognitive Changes

o Psycho-Social Changes

o Moral Changes
Cognitive Development
Make a sketch of what for YOU
the teenage brain is really into.
Draw your truth.
 Jean Piaget’s
Theory of Cognitive Development
Stage 1: Sensorimotor
(Birth - 2 years)
❑ Babies are stuck in the HERE and NOW world.

❑ They know the world only in terms of their own

sensory input
❑ They also lack REPRESENTATIONAL THOUGHT
Stage 2: Preoperational
(2 - 7 years)
❑ Symbols in play

❑ Lack of Conservation

❑ Egocentrism

❑ Fantasy play

❑ Make-believe play
 Symbolic Play

Use one object to stand for

another.
 Lack of Conservation

Concept that certain basic properties of an

object (e.g. volume, mass, and weight) remain
the same even if its physical appearance
changes.
 Egocentrism
Child’s inability to take in other’s perspective
 Fantasy Play

Pretend to be something or
pretend activities that are
impossible
Make-Believe Toy

Use toys as props

Stage 3: Concrete Operational
(7 - 11 years)
❑ ytilibisreveR
❑ Logical abilities: class inclusion
 Reversibility

Children in the concrete operational stage

understand that if you reverse the action, then
it would still remain the same.
Logical Abilities: Class Inclusion
Stage 4: Formal Operational
(12 and up)
5 important higher-level cognitive abilities
❑ Hypothetico-deductive reasoning
❑ Abstract thought
❑ Separating reality from possibility
❑ Combinational logic
❑ Reflective thinking or Metacognition
o Physical or Physiological Changes

o Cognitive Changes

✓ Psycho-Social Changes

o Moral Changes
Psycho-Social Changes
Erik Erikson

Explains eight stages

that a healthy human
should pass through
during childhood all the
way through adulthood
 Psychosocial Significant Existential
Age Virtues Examples
Crisis Relationship Question
Feeding,
Infancy Hope Basic Trust vs. Mistrust Mother Can I trust the world?
abandonment

Toilet training,
Autonomy vs. Shame
Early Childhood Will Parents Is it okay to be me? clothing
and doubt
themselves

Is it okay for me to do, Exploring, using

Preschool Age Purpose Initiative vs. guilt Family
move and act? tools or making art

Can I make it in the

School Age Competence Industry vs. Inferiority Neighbors, School world of people and School, sports
things?

Identity vs. Role Who am I? Who can I

Adolescence Fidelity Peers, role model Social relationships
Confusion be?

Early Romantic
Love Intimacy vs. Isolation Friends, partners Can I love?
Adulthood relationships

Generativity vs. Can I make my life

Adulthood Care Household, workmates Work, parenthood
Stagnation count?

Ego Integrity vs. Is it okay to have been

Maturity Wisdom Mankind Reflection on life
Despair me?
Journal 3: Song Analysis

 Listen and watch any of the song or music video:

A. Who You Are by Jessie J

B. I Was Here by Beyonce (Angie Miller Version)

C. Hair by Lady Gaga

D. Mrs. Potato Head by Melanie Martinez

 Kindly reflect on the lyrics and determine the Erik Erikson’s

Psychosocial Theory in your explanation. 200 words.
Quiz 3 (20 mins)

 Explain the different stages of Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial

Theory for 150 words based from the video presented by the
teacher.
 Activity
Instructions:

•There should be four groups in the class.

•Get the small, rolled pieces of paper containing the event or scenario
that the group has to demonstrate.

•Allot three minutes for the discussion on how the group can create a
perfect picture that will illustrate the scenario or event.

•Wait for the teacher to say “Freeze”! This signals that time is up. The
group that best captures the given scenario shall receive a point.
 Reflection: Social Changes
With your group mates, answer the following
questions:
✓ What was your contribution to the performance
of your group?
✓ If your group lost the game, list the things
responsible for it.
✓ What did you learn from the activity?
✓ What social skills were demonstrated by your
group during the activity?
Social Changes During Adolescence

❑ The need for belongingness

❑ Bias regarding the members of the opposite

sex.
❑ Ability to carry on conversations

❑ Behave properly in front of the people

❑ Have confidence to share your talents

o Physical or Physiological Changes

o Cognitive Changes

o Psycho-Social Changes

✓ Moral or Spiritual Changes

Moral or Spiritual Changes
Tiago and Sisa have been a couple for six years. They had Crispin, a 21 year old son
from Tiago’s earlier relationship.

One day, Tiago informed Sisa that his doctor confirmed that he has only 2 years to
live due to a defective organ disease that was genetically passed on to him. He told
her that he does not want to die with only one child and pleaded to Sisa to give him
another child. Even after explaining her fears that he will pass on to their child a
defective gene, Tiago insisted.

Sisa sought the counsel of Fr. Damaso, her parish priest. She asked the priest to
impregnate her. Feeling sorry for the couple and wanting to help Sisa give Tiago his
dying wish, he agreed to the plan provided that they guard their secret tightly. The
parish priest’s long trusted spinster assistant, Victorina, was shocked when she
accidentally saw Sisa and Fr. Damaso in love-making. She could not let Fr. Damaso
be won over by another woman, after all the devotion she gave him all her life.

Victorina intimated the story to Tiago, hoping he could remedy the situation. Tiago
became furious and suffered a fatal heart attack. Crispin, who overheard the
conversation, was enrage as his father died in his arms. Pity for his father made him
waste no time. He got his father’s hand gun and fatally shot Sisa. Victorina, and Fr.
Damaso, before shooting himself.
 Group Activity: Character Ranking
(Greatest Act
Character Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 TOTAL
Name +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1

Tiago 5 5 5

Sisa 4 2 3

Fr. Damaso 1 3 1

Victorina 3 4 4

Crispin 2 1 2
 What is your
purpose in life?
Moral Development

Child’s reasoning
about morality, their
attitudes toward moral
lapses and their
behavior when faced
with moral issues.
Heinz Dilemma
Heinz Dilemma
“A very poor man named Heinz has a young child who is
starving and needs food. Every day, he begs people to
give him food and money to help his family, but he
never seems to get enough money to keep the child fed.
A wealthy man owns the only grocery shop in town
with lots of food, which he intentionally overprices
because he wants to earn as much profit as possible.
One day, the man with the hungry child decides to
break into the shop, and steal some food.”
Write a letter to the man (5 sentences minimum)
explaining why his choice was either RIGHT or
WRONG, and explain WHY.
 Journal Entry # 2
Guide Questions:
1. What are the important events in your life
that made you who you are today?
2. Why is it important to list experiences
that support your positive or negative
belief about yourself?