BIOETHICS 2 understand the ethical and moral context of human sexuality, we have to

HUMAN SEXUALITY & RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD review first the purposes of sex:
Desiree R. Daniega M.D., M.H.P.E.D.
PURPOSES OF SEX
1. Unitive
Objectives It is the union of two individuals
To be able to understand human sexuality Since a relationship is based on live, the pleasure you get from
To be able to present and explain the different notions about human sexuality
To be able to link the consequences of human sexuality in the context of medical ethics the sexual act, is the manifestation of love, you unite, you give
To present and explain responsible parenthood and its consequences yourself to the other in order to become one
2. Procreative
Sex is real, it’s part of our life and creation for a purpose
HUMAN SEXUALITY It’s not just for pleasure.
Totality of characteristics proper to male and female of human There is a purpose beyond it and that is to procreate to begot
species. (Ch 9, Monge) children
It is direct, specific and holistic
It’s not just your choice (preference); from genetic make up, anatomy It cannot be unitive alone or vice-versa. There are things we cannot
of reproductive system, intellect, rationality and emotions, proper to change; nonnegotiable. These are absolute.
male and female of the human species
We cannot make other sub-conclusions about the purposes of sex,
Three main notions about sexuality based on our physiology, anatomy, emotions and psyche separately, it
should be one whole being.
Sexuality is the attraction Attraction between individuals (Sexual We actually are going into a relationship because we are attracted to the
between individuals, instinct) other person. It should be love.
otherwise known as Sexuality is partly concerned with the A relationship based on charity and love
“sexual instinct” attraction between individuals There are things we cannot change
Basic foundation is between male and
female
Man is complex and we are
mysterious. Even if we know things
Attraction
which are right, we have the tendency
You are attracted to the same sex but when
to do otherwise.
you act on it, that’s another thing
Eg. Mark Zuckerberg - some teens are
As we grow and mature, we are able to
attracted to him because he’s good and
use our intellect and rationality
smart
appropriately
Some are attracted to physical beauty
Sometimes it’s puzzling and we need to
Sexual Instinct
look for the piece of the missing puzzle
We are not animals, we don’t have instincts;
in order to understand things.
probably tendencies
Because when we say ‘instinct’ it means
“To understand sexual desire as
baseless; you don’t think, you act.
oriented towards procreation is a
We are thinking beings.
means of repression employed by
conservative sexology”
Sexuality is the attraction between individuals,
- W. Reich
but it is NOT an instinct because we are rational
There is no ‘conservative sexology’ because it is what it is. It is simply
Sexuality is that which Based on externally manifested by our the basic foundation of human sexuality.
characterises the genitals and the characteristics of our
physiology and reproductive system, you are either male or In understanding human sexuality, you have to be humble, because these are truth
which cannot be changed. The consequences of changing definitions and perceptions
function of the female has dangerous consequences.
reproductive organs
Partly correct BUT, we go back again with
the definition of human sexuality, it’s the
How about those who are not able to beget children?
totality that includes the anatomy,
It is not their fault. There are just medical problem which arise and it’s
physiology, functionality, and it
up to the individual if they work their relationship out or it could be a
encompasses the emotion and psyche.
ground for annulment.
Sexuality is the sum “dissociated from what is specifically genital”
total of one’s genetic, It cannot, because we were created as “As a consequence of the development of
hormonal, anatomical, we are (male and female) with specific highly effective methods of contraception, the
physiological and characteristics, physical, emotional and concept of planned parenthood has become
psychological psychological with the corresponding more and more a primary value in society….”
dissociated from what anatomical and physiological functions
is specifically genital

UNITIVE & PROCREATIVE

When we talk about human sexuality there’s no way that we will not
talk about sex; it’s an act which is part of our human sexuality. In order to

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“The disassociation of sexual behaviour from
the reproductive process is thereby achieved.
This leads to the liberation of woman (and
man) from unwanted pregnancies”
Is pregnancy a disease? When we talk about
planned parenthood, we talk about planning or
not really getting pregnant, there is a disparity
in that aspect.
“I’m gonna plan my parenthood”
(Parenthood nga eh, and yet) it seems that your approach is to avoid
being pregnant. How can you become a parent?
Come to think of it, it’s a play of words, we cannot play words in this
concept because we are dealing with humans.
Pregnancy is not caused by a virus
It takes two to tango to become pregnant, they should be united with
proper and appropriate intentions and desires in order to beget
another human being.
CORRECT NOTIONS ABOUT SEXUALITY
Instinct is for animals
Sexual Tendency is inborn Thinking is for man
and SUBORDINATED We have tendencies because we can
actually control it
Subordinated on our intellect, it was given to
us freely but we have to use it wisely
When you do the act, you know the
consequence. You must want it and should
want it, because you know the
consequences
There is no unwanted pregnancy, it’s not
UNWANTED pregnancy unless it’s case of
rape (forced sexual act).
If you knew and willingly submit to it, it’s
WANTED pregnancy
Sexuality is present in It’s being sexual. Physiology wise and
man but is not his anatomically, we are capable of doing the
TOTALITY act (male and female) but it is not your
totality.
It is important because Freud’s Pansexual
Theory is erroneous, because sexuality
does not constitute everything about man.
You are not a lesser man or woman if you
choose not to engage with sexual act.
Sex is a reality It is in the plan of creature of human kind
We have to place it in the perspective of the
two purposes of sex, unitive and procreative
Sexuality is a biological The act cannot be separated from the
vehicle for unity between purposes (unitive and procreative).
man and woman Being man and woman our sexuality is the
proper biological vehicle because when you
engage in the sexual act then, the possibility
of being open have children is high (should
be).
Sexual tendency is You cannot dissociate unitive from
directed towards procreative
transmitting life Our sexual tendency is directed towards
transmitting life - begetting children
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Notes:
1. READ MONGE
2. Dr. Daniega did not discuss Pregnancy, Maternal and Prenatal Care, Postnatal
care, Puerperium, Ectopic Pregnancies and some risk of Cesarean Section. It will
be discussed on the topic of abortion.
RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD
Primarily influenced by the level of one’s knowledge of the biological
processes involved in human reproduction
To be a responsible parent we have to be educated about the biological
processes involved in the human reproduction. That’s why even during our
elementary days, we already have topics that includes the reproductive system
and even more detailed subjects in high school and college.
Even for parents, they are encouraged to know because some are not prepared
and this is where our roles to educate comes in.
Principle: The more knowledgeable you are, the more responsible you are in parenting
A certain knowledge not leading them to interfere with the cycle
(Natural Law)
It is influenced by the level of one’s knowledge of biological processes involved in
human reproduction but that certain knowledge should not lead them to interfere
with the reproductive cycle. This is NATURAL LAW.
Parents unite and just let the natural cycle of reproduction develop
Two main reasons that can justify parents limiting the number of children
There must be a SERIOUS REASON to avoid the birth of another child
Poverty (if children are dying)
Sickness (eg. HIV)
Mental incapacity
The NATURAL MORAL LAW must be respected in one’s search for
adequate means to avoid conception
This is a bit tricky because if you choose to be in a
relationship (married), in principle you are both prepared
(emotionally & economically).
Do good and avoid evil
Natural Law must always be respected in one’s search to
avoid conception
Methods of Family Planning
1. Natural Family Planning
2. Artificial means of controlling birth
Destroys the purposes of the sexual act which is unitive and
procreative
Hormones
Contraceptive Pills
Developed to treat menstrual abnormalities.
It is not for artificial control of pregnancy
Sterilization
Bilateral Tubal Ligation (female)
Vasectomy (male)
Physical Barriers - makes the environment of the uterus not
conducive for pregnancy
Vaginal Ring
Vaginal Gel
Condom
From the standpoint of ethics, when we talk about the artificial methods
of controlling birth, these contraceptive methods (artificial at that)
suppress fertilization in diverse ways, achieving the separation of the
unitive from the procreative aspects of human sexuality. This is the
main basis why artificial ways of controlling birth is considered
REFERENCE
Desiree R. Daniega M.D., M.H.P.E.D. - MOODLE RECORDING